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    33-On The Validity of The Lumped Parameter Models For Fluid Flow Between Coaxial Pipes

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    Galal Rabie
    This paper deals with the validity of lumped parameter models for fluid flow between two coaxial tubes. Lumped parameter models of different number of lumps were developed by drawing augmented bond graphs. The models are deduced assuming unidirectional flow, averaged flow parameters along the cross-sectional area and separate localized effect of the line resistance, inertia and capacitance. The transfer functions of line were deduced for different numbers of oil lumps. Digital simulation program

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    33-On The Validity of The Lumped Parameter Models For Fluid Flow Between Coaxial Pipes

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    Galal Rabie
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    This paper deals with the validity of lumped parameter models for fluid flow between two coaxial tubes. Lumped parameter models of different number of lumps were developed by drawing augmented bond graphs. The models are deduced assuming unidirectional flow, averaged flow parameters along the cross-sectional area and separate localized effect of the line resistance, inertia and capacitance. The transfer functions of line were deduced for different numbers of oil lumps. Digital simulation program

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    33-On the Validity of the Lumped Parameter Models for Fluid Flow between Coaxial Pipes

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    This paper deals with the validity of lumped parameter models for fluid flow between two coaxial tubes. Lumped parameter models of different number of lumps were developed by drawing augmented bond graphs. The models are deduced assuming unidirectional flow, averaged flow parameters along the cross-sectional area and separate localized effect of the line resistance, inertia and capacitance. The transfer functions of line were deduced for different numbers of oil lumps. Digital simulation program

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    33-On The Validity of The Lumped Parameter Models For Fluid Flow Between Coaxial Pipes

    Uploaded by

    Galal Rabie
    This paper deals with the validity of lumped parameter models for fluid flow between two coaxial tubes. Lumped parameter models of different number of lumps were developed by drawing augmented bond graphs. The models are deduced assuming unidirectional flow, averaged flow parameters along the cross-sectional area and separate localized effect of the line resistance, inertia and capacitance. The transfer functions of line were deduced for different numbers of oil lumps. Digital simulation program

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    1997 - Vol. 63, N° 1,2 V Modelling CMeasurement & Control Gssseeg Bi SOLID & FLUID MECHANICS & THERMICS, ROBOTICS MECHANICAL SYSTEMS, CIVIL ENGINEERING ON THE VALIDITY OF THE LUMPED PARAMETER MODELS FOR FLUID FLOW BETWEEN COAXIAL PIPES RABIE MG. Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Aerorrautical Department, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt ABSTRACT This paper deals with the validity of lumped parameter models for fluid flow between two coaxial tubes. Lumped parameter models of different number of lumps were developed by drawing augmented bond Graphs. The models are deduced assuming unidirectional flow, averaged flow parameters along the cross-sectional area and separate localized effect of the line resistance, inertia and capacitance. The transfer functions of line were deduced for different numbers of oil lumps. Digital simulation programs vere also developed and used, together with the transfer functions, to calculate the frequency and transient responses of the lines. The validity of the proposed models was evaluated by comparing the calculated frequency response with published experimental results. The study’ showed that the three and four lumps models represent with acceptable precision the hydraulic coaxial transmission lines, on the leyel of the first resonance mode. NOMENCLATURE Sound speed, m/s A Annulus cross-sectional area of the line, n* bib, Constants, Pa B, Equivalent bulk modulus, Pa € Hydraulic capacitance, n°/N D, External diameter of the inner core; m D, Inner diameter of the external tube, m 31 i order of the resonance mode I Hydraulic inertia, Ns*/n® L Length of line, m n Number of fluid lumps P, Inlet pressure, Pa P, Line end pressure, Pa P| Magnitude of applied step pressure increament, Pa. @ Flow rate, n'/s R Hydraulic resistance, Ns/n° R Transfer matrix S Source of flow or effort t time, s V Volume of of filling the line, m? Dynamic viscosity, Pas v Kinematic viscosity, n’/s ® — Prequency of exciting harmonic pressure, rad/s 4, Frequency of the i‘™ resonance mode, Hz p Density of oil, kg/m INTRODUCTION ‘The hydraulic transmission lines are basic parts of the hydraulic power systems. The study of their performance is usually carried out by developing relatively complicated distributed parameter models. When evaluating the behavior of a hydraulic or electrohydraulic system, a more simple model of these line might he necaseary. When dealing with wave propagation, the double pipe becomes of special interest. It can be used to suppress the wave transmission due to the increase in the hydraulic capacitance and resistance of the line, Therefore the steady fluid flow between two coaxial pipes have been investigated in various areas of fluid engineering. Washio and Konishi [1] presented an experimental and theoretical investigation of the fluid flow between coaxial pipes of different radii. They treated the equation of motion of viscous fluid flow. In the case of periodic waves, they carried out complicated solutions including multi-valued Bessel functions of the 2™ kind. ‘They validated the theoretical results experimentally. This lengthy and complicated analysis might be of interest vhen dealing with the transmission line separately. But when studying hydraulic systems including several lines, valves and motors, the resulting model becomes too difficult to treat. Therefore, it is important to lock for much more simple model which represents with sufficient accuracy the dynamic behavior of the fluid flow between the coaxial pipes. Karnopp [2] presented a simple lumped parameter model for the hydraulic transmission line. The author [3], discussed the validity of the lumped parameter model for the representation of dynamic behavior of hydraulic transmission line and proposed the number of lumps needed to represent with sufficient accuracy the line aynanics. Herein, the validity of the lumped parameter model for the study of the fluid flow between two coaxial pipes is investigated. MODELLING AND SIMULATION According to the lumped parameter approach, [2] & [3], the liquid is assumed to move under the action of the applied pressure difference in the form of one or several separate lumps. The lumped parameter model could be deduced considering the following assumptions. 1. The flow is laminar and unidirectional. 2. The fluid velocity and pressure are both assumed to be of constant values along each cross-sectional area, the average values are considered. 3. In the case of single lump, the line is divided axially into three different portions. The effect of resistance of the whole line R is localized in the first portion, the effect of the line inertia I takes place in the second portion and the effect of fluid compressibility and wall elasticity, C, is considered in the third portion. 4. Considering n lumps, the line is divided axially into n zones. Each zone is divided into three portions, where the effects of R, I and ¢ are localized. Figure 1 shows a schenatic drawing for the studied line, which consists of a pipe of inner diameter D, and a coaxially mounted inner core of diameter D,. Considering n fluid lumps in the Line, the capacitance and inertia of each lump are given by the following expressions (3]. v nL (D,*-D ce = Q 8, anB, pL re 2 @) nA Assuming laminar flow between the two cylindrical surfaces, the flow rate is related to the pressure difference across the line by the following relation, [4]. ap meot-v?) ¢ 5 pte? ae, MOET (ote - EPL} ay Q 128 ub, In(D,/0,) In the case of pipe with no inner core; D,= 0, the following expression could be deduced for the hydraulic resistance. R= 228.ub : “) mad) The localized hydraulic resistances, inertias, and capacitances of the moving lumps are arranged as shown in Fig.2. Fig.2. Location of the localized hydraulic resistances, inertias and capacitances of a coaxial pipe. cethed eed ld ed el a al ae ae eae Lump 10.) | Low 9 Low @ Lum 7 Lun 6 Fig.3. Augmented bond graph of the hydraulic transmission Line considering 10 oil lumps. In this study, different lumped parameter models are developed considering different number of oil lumps. Figure 3 shows an augmented bond graph of the line assuming 10 oil lumps. The inlet Pressure is imposed by the source S, while the source $,, imposes the line exit flow. The equations describing the dynamic behavior of the flow between the two coaxial pipes could be deduced systematically from the augmented bond graph. The deduced equations are in the form of assignment statements convenient for the computer simulation by using several simulation programs such as CSMP, ACSL and TUTSIM (5]&(6]. But, when using the TUTSIM program there is no need for deducing the equations as the program accepts the augmented bond graph as a structure entry. Considering the simple mathematical relations describing the line, obtained from the bond graph, the following transfer matrix could be deduced for a single lump model. [2] [: seRce+1 rst 1 [i] 9,(8)) cs 1 9, (8) (3) 2] ak i] oe 9,(s) 9, (s) (8) Considering n lumps of oil, this relation becomes as follows. P (8) » fPts) + i 2,(8) 9,(s) In the case of closed end line, Q.= 0, the following transfer functions could be deduced. B(s) 1 For ne1, — (8) P(s) Ics+RCS+1 P(s) 1 For neg

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