OLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

College of Engineering
Department of Mechanical Engineering

ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT FOR ME

MEEN 3533

Scientific Management
By Frederick Winslow Taylor
(Case Study 2)

Macatimpag, Cherry
Ann
Student

Engr. Dennis Dale Fanoga

Professor
 I. HISTORY
Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915)
was an American mechanical engineer
who had a special interest in industrial
efficiency. He was a visionary whose ideas
had significant contributions to the
Progressive Era. Taylor's efforts to
increase worker productivity led him to
consider applying engineering principles.
His epiphany occurred while working as a
machinist at Midvale Steel. Taylor noticed
that the laborers were not putting forth as
much effort as they should in their tasks,
Figure 1: Frederick Winslow Taylor
nor were they making full use of the tools
(1856-1915)
at their disposal. Taylor authored the book,
The Principles of Scientific Management,
which is a collection of his ideas on
efficiency. The book was voted the 20th
century's most influential management
literature.
(Burton-Payne, 2022b)

II. INTRODUCTION
Frederick Winslow Taylor developed the scientific management theory now
referred to as Taylorism in the 1880s and 1890s to improve productivity in the
manufacturing sector. Also called the classic management theory, Taylor’s
principles focused on how to get maximum efficiency from workers.
(Burton-Payne, 2022a)
 In management literature today, the greatest use of the term “scientific
management” is with reference to the work of Taylor and his disciples as classical
approaches to management. Because it’s no longer being used in management
areas but is still respected for its seminal value.
(iEduNote.com, 2018)

III. FOUR (4) PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT

1. DEVELOP A SCIENCE OF WORK

The science of work would be achieved by measuring output, and by

performing detailed studies of time and human movement. With these studies,
improvements could be made to the tools and workstation designs used by
workers, which would increase effectiveness.

2. SCIENTIFIC SELECTION AND TRAINING

Workers should be selected and trained using scientific methods. Frederick

Taylor proposed that employees' aptitudes differed and that each employee be
matched to the job. Management's job was to select workers who were
qualified for the job and to scientifically train each worker to perform the task
in the most efficient manner possible. Every worker would be selected and
trained to their full potential if this was done correctly.

3. EDUCATE WORKERS AND MANAGERS ON THE BENEFITS

OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT

Both workers and managers should be educated in understanding the benefits

of scientific management.

4. SPECIALIZATION AND COLLABORATION BETWEEN WORKER

AND MANAGER
 Workers should focus on their manual duties while management concentrates
on developing, designing, and supervising improved systems. There will be no
conflict between management and workers if everyone does their job
properly because the Scientific Management approach will find the best
solution for all parties involved. (Oberoi, 2016a)

IV. CONTRIBUTION

The scientific approach resulted in process improvement by initiating the process of

scientific study of time –motion and tasks to be performed, as well as emphasizing
proper job selection criteria. The majority of industrial work has become menial,
repetitive, and tedious as a result of task-oriented optimization of work tasks.
Taylor's methods arose from his observation that workers forced to perform
repetitive tasks work at the slowest rate possible without being penalized. He
claimed that this slow rate of work was due to the fact that when workers are paid
the same amount, they will tend to do the same amount of work as the slowest among
them: This reflects the notion that employees have a vested interest in their own well-
being and that working above the defined rate of work will not increase their pay. As
a result, he proposed that most work practices had been designed to be
extremely inefficient in their execution, whether intentionally or unintentionally.
Based on this, he proposed that there was only one best method for performing a
particular task and that teaching it to workers would boost their productivity.
(Oberoi, 2016b)
 V. CRITISM
According to Taylor, Scientific management in its essence primarily involves
a complete mental revolution on the part of workers and management as to their
duties, towards their fellow workers, and towards all of their daily problems. It
demands the realization of the fact that their mutual interest is not antagonistic and
that mutual prosperity is possible through cooperation. However, applications of
scientific management sometimes fail to account for two inherent difficulties: a)
Individuals are different from each other: the most efficient way of working for one
person may be inefficient for another; b) The economic interests of workers and
management are rarely identical, so both the measurement processes and the
retraining required by Taylor's methods are frequently resented and sometimes
sabotaged by the workforce. Both difficulties were recognized by Taylor, but are
generally not fully addressed by managers who only see the potential improvements
in inefficiency. Taylor believed that scientific management cannot work unless the
worker benefits. (Oberoi, 2016c)

VI. CONCLUSION

Scientific management helped firms achieve their objectives by employing

scientific methodologies and techniques. This is achieved by the application of
various work analysis techniques such as time and motion analysis. As a result, a
single optimum method of performing jobs was devised in order to minimize
superfluous and time-consuming procedures. time-wasting activities Finally,
scientific management was a vital body of knowledge in the field. work
improvement Despite its status as a classic theory, it is still applied in established
organizations today.
 REFERENCES
Burton-Payne, L. (2022a, March 14). Taylorism Theory and its Role is Streamlining
Workflow Processes •. Checkify. https://checkify.com/blog/taylorism-
theory/#:%7E:text=Frederick%20Winslow%20Taylor%20developed%20the%2
0scientific%20management%20theory,on%20how%20to%20get%20maximum
%20efficiency%20from%20workers
Burton-Payne, L. (2022b, March 14). Who Is Frederick Winslow Taylor?
Checkify.. -
https://checkify.com/blog/taylorism-
theory/#:%7E:text=Frederick%20Winslow%20Taylor%20developed%20the%2
0scientific%20management%20theory,on%20how%20to%20get%20maximum
%20efficiency%20from%20workers
good reads. (2010, June 30). Frederick Winslow Taylor [Photo]. Goodreads.
iEduNote.com. (2018, August 26). Taylorism: Scientific Management Approach of
Frederick W. Taylor. iEduNote. –
https://www.toolshero.com/toolsheroes/frederick-taylor
Oberoi, D. R. (2016a, May 25). Frederick Taylor identified 4 principles of
Scientific Management. Inflibnet. – https://www.iedunote.com/scientific-
management-approach-taylorism
Oberoi, D. R. (2016b, May 25). Frederick Wilson Taylor’s Scientific
Management Theory| Contribution. Inflibnet.-
https://www.iedunote.com/scientific-management-approach-taylorism
Oberoi, D. R. (2016c, May 25). Frederick Wilson Taylor’s Scientific
Management Theory| Criticism. Inflibnet. -
https://www.iedunote.com/scientific-management-approach-taylorism