IIT DELHI

CNC LAB
MCP 101
Prepared By-
Debanjan Das

Monday, January 8, 2024 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

 IIT DELHI

Facilities inside the lab

Laser Cutting and Engraving

FDM machines for 3D printing CNC Milling Machine
machine

All comes under automation or automated production controlled by G codes !

Ref: From left to right 1. https://www.aajjo.com/cnc-machines-lathe-machine/co2-laser-cutting-and-engraving-machine-5/product

2. https://www.raise3d.com/pro3-series/ 3. https://www.raise3d.com/products/pro3-plus/ 4. https://www.emco-world.com/cz/products/digital-world/training/concept-mill-105.html 2

Monday, January 8, 2024 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

 IIT DELHI

In manual machines , parameters are set, and

the movements are controlled by hand.

This includes any traditional machines such as

bandsaws, drill presses, grinders, endmills, and
lathes .

Manual machining takes more time and more

attention to perform any function.

Ref : https://qph.cf2.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-99630675008391d8a9b2fa20964e8bd8-lq

Monday, January 8, 2024 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

 IIT DELHI

Monday, January 8, 2024 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

 IIT DELHI

LASER (Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation)

How Laser works ?

1. Population Inversion in source medium due to high pumping

2. Spontaneous emission initiates Stimulated emission
3. laser medium is placed in an optical resonator
4. Photon travels back and forth and amplified in gain medium
5. Output beam strategically removed from the partial reflecting medium

Properties of Laser beam

Highly monochromatic , Highly focused , Coherent , High power , low divergent beam with a
minute spot diameter

Application in Manufacturing Industry :

Laser cutting , Laser Welding , Laser based Additive manufacturing

Ref: https://imageio.forbes.com/blogs-images/startswithabang/files/2018/02/energy-levels.jpg?format=jpg&width=1440
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Monday, January 8, 2024 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

 IIT DELHI

LASER (Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation)

Monday, January 8, 2024 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

 IIT DELHI

LASER (Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation)

Laser cutting uses a high-power laser which is

directed through optics and computer
numerical control (CNC) to direct the beam or
material. Typically, the process uses a motion
control system to follow a CNC or G-code of the
pattern that is to be cut onto the material .

Ref : https://esab.com/sites/nam_en/assets/Image/image-20210803115432-120210803022433.gif
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Monday, January 8, 2024 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

 IIT DELHI

LASER (Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation)

Advancements in Laser Applications in Manufacturing industry

Laser based Additive Manufacturing

https://youtube.com/shorts/Lg_fVCxXhgY?si=YhWAVWp
Zf7ebyEqX (Wire DED)

https://youtube.com/shorts/_Dxvf7e64yM?si=UQ_bn2V3
OHCH8ZqQ(LPBF)
Not only cutting or welding laser can be used
for metal based as well as polymer based
additive manufacturing (3D printing ) also!

Monday, January 8, 2024 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

 IIT DELHI

Monday, January 8, 2024 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

 IIT DELHI

FDM ( Fused Deposition Modelling )

Fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing,

also known as fused filament fabrication (FFF), is
an additive manufacturing (AM) process within the
realm of material extrusion.

FDM builds parts layer by layer by selectively

depositing melted material in a predetermined
path. It uses thermoplastic polymers that come in
filaments to form the final physical objects.

FDM is the most widely used technology across

most industries.

Ref: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Robert-Przekop/publication/371794300/figure/fig2/AS:11431281169898143@1687524142078/A-diagram-of-the-3D-printing-process-using-the-FDM-technique_W640.jpg

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Monday, January 8, 2024 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

 IIT DELHI

FDM ( Fused Deposition Modelling )

Step by Step process

Ref : https://www.researchgate.net/publication/371258029/figure/fig2/AS:11431281164520825@1685795988563/The-FDM-process-flow-diagram-shows-various-software-types-employed-in-the-suggested_W640.jpg

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Monday, January 8, 2024 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

 IIT DELHI

Recent Advancement in FDM ( Fused Deposition Modelling )

https://youtu.be/QaMdjKE7vT8?si=nhuoOBC16LIvcpwg

Metal application

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Monday, January 8, 2024 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

 IIT DELHI

• CNC is an abbreviation for "Computer Numerical Control". It is created by combining the computer and numerical
control. It employs internal microprocessors (computers) that are made up of memory registers.

• The memory registers hold many routines that may successfully modify logical functions. As a result, a machine
operator may modify the software on the control. It is extremely beneficial to CNC machines.

• CNC machines save logical functions and programs in special computer system chips. That's why they are referred to
as Software (computer) controlled.

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Monday, January 8, 2024 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

 IIT DELHI

Positioning System in CNC

Ref : http://faculty.etsu.edu/hemphill/entc3710/nc-prog/nc-02-01.htm
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Monday, January 8, 2024 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

 IIT DELHI

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Monday, January 8, 2024 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

 IIT DELHI

• CNC mills and machining centers

• CNC lathes and turning centers
• CNC electrical discharge machining (EDM)
• CNC grinding machines
• CNC cutting machines (laser, plasma, electron, or flame)
• CNC fabrication machines (sheet metal punch press, bending
machine)
• CNC welding machines
• CNC Routers

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Monday, January 8, 2024 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

 IIT DELHI

Advancements in CNC machines

2 simultaneous CNC tool capability

https://youtu.be/VsMAlwBPsRE?si=ZniMEdh9K14hXYxC

5 axis CNC

https://youtu.be/Ugit0aExw8s?si=PhQuL_BJBaK5XLK-

https://youtu.be/e0EiFp1Nkg4?si=-bqpWTQRuYbh3Lrf

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Monday, January 8, 2024 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

 IIT DELHI

Ref: https://www.shutterstock.com/image-vector/thank-you-ink-brush-vector-lettering-1916804465
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Monday, January 8, 2024 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING