National Report on Digital Competencies and Skills for

Entrepreneurship
Portugal

DOCUMENT INFO

PROJECT DICE – Digital competences in entrepreneurship

ACTIVITY WP2

OUTPUT National Report on Digital Competencies and Skills for Entrepreneurship

The European Commission's support for the production of this publication does not constitute an endorsement of the
contents, which reflect the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may
be made of the information contained therein.
Table of content

1. State of the Art on digital competencies and skills for entrepreneurship with a strong
focus on vulnerable groups, such as low-educated young people, immigrants, NEETs in
Portugal………..3
Digital competence: basis for business...................................................................................... 3
Vulnerable groups and digital competencies ............................................................................ 4
Initiatives and policies in Portugal………..................................................................................... 5
2. Results of
Questionnaire............................................................................................................ 5
Digital skills.............................................................................................................................. 11
Entrepreneurship skills ............................................................................................................
15
3. Results of
Interviews................................................................................................................ 18
4. Recommendations.................................................................................................................
.. 20
5. Conclusions............................................................................................................................
.. 21
1. State of the Art on digital competencies and skills for
entrepreneurship with a strong focus on vulnerable
groups, such as low-educated young people, immigrants,
NEETs in Portugal

(Completar)

Apresentar o ponto da situação das competências digitais e das aptidões para o empreendorismo em
Portugal, em particular em grupos vulneráveis.

target groups

● As low-educated young people, immigrants, NEETs;

● Portuguese context digital skills and competencies to disadvantage groups;
● Apart from the fact that the target groups of the DICE project - such as low-educated young
people, immigrants, NEETs - are considered social vulnerable groups, these groups, if they do
not have digital competencies, can be considered digitallyexcluded, which is one of the main
features of social exclusion.

The DICE project reflects the activities of involved partners - they mostly work with people from rural
areas or with immigrants. These people are concentrated in regions with a strong population of low-
educated people, NEETs, and socially excluded communities. This leads to a lower level of
productivity and employment. On the other side, all these areas considered are territories rich in
business potential. Unfortunately, this potential is not very exploited, due to the economic situation
of people who live there and the lack of key (digital) competencies.

The DICE project reflects the target groups identified by the project partners' business activities and
needs analysis:

TG1: People:

- unemployed young people, immigrants, and vulnerable groups who could gain useful skills to
increase their employability or start businesses of their own,

- already employed young people but looking for chances to increase their skills and
entrepreneurship capabilities and thus improve their social situation.

TG2: Institutions:

- educational centers, career counselors and agencies, institutions, and organizations involved in VET.

These target groups should have a vested interest in the issues of DICE project and will be selected by
partners on the basis of partners’ field of expertise and according to the following criteria:
- interest in the project,

- relevance with the project,

- the time and resources available,

- the complexity of the issue,

- the number of people we want to involve,

- the kind of groups we want to involve,

- the type of information we want to obtain or present.

Digital competence: basis for business

Vulnerable groups and digital competencies

(Completar)

Falar sobre as competências digitais e os grupos vulneráveis – informações sobre Portugal.

Initiatives and policies in Portugal

(Completar)

Apresentar iniciativas e políticas em Portugal para promover o desenvolvimento de competências

digitais e de empreendorismo junto da população no geral, e especificamente junto das populações
mais vulneráveis.

2. Results of Questionnaire
In Portugal, the questionnaires were answered by 32 people. A paper version and google forms were
made available, but we only received responses in digital format. In order to disseminate them, we
turned to our associated partners in the municipality of Amadora - Centro Social 6 de Maio is a non-
profit Private Social Solidarity Institution under the responsibility of the Dominican Missionary Sisters
of the Rosary, with the approval of the Lisbon Patriarchate. The Centre aims to promote better social,
educational and family integration for all individuals, preferably the most needy and excluded, and to
help them acquire personal and social skills in order to exercise full citizenship, in a spirit of human
and Christian solidarity, and the CLAIMs of Amadora North and South - The CLAIMs are reception,
information and support offices whose mission is to support the whole process of welcoming and
integrating migrants, liaising with the various local structures and promoting interculturality at local
level. These services provide general support and information in various areas, such as regularisation,
nationality, family reunification, housing, voluntary return, work, health, education, among other
everyday issues.

Section 1: Demographic Data

Figure 1. Survey Question 1: 'What is your age range?' - The chart represents the age distribution of
32 respondents. Each color corresponds to a different age group:

● Blue: Below 18
● Red: Ages 18-24
● Orange: Ages 25-34
● Green: Ages 35-44
● Purple: Ages 45-54
● Light Blue: Ages 55-64
● Pink: Age 65 or older

Figure 2. Survey Question 2: 'What is your gender?' - The chart represents the gender distribution of
32 respondents. Each color corresponds to a different gender:
 ● Blue: Male
● Red: Female

Figure 3. Survey Question 3: 'What is your highest level of education?' - The chart represents the
educational attainment of 32 respondents. Each color corresponds to a different level of education:

● Blue: Basic or middle school education

● Red: High school or equivalent
● Orange: Started high school but did not finish
● Green: Bachelor's degree or equivalent
● Purple: Master's degree
● Light Blue: Doctorate or similar

Figure 4. Survey Question 4: 'Are you currently employed?' - The chart represents the employment
status of 32 respondents. Each color corresponds to a different response:

● Blue: Yes
● Red: No
Figure 5. Survey Question 5: 'If you are employed, what is your profession?' - The chart represents
the professional distribution of 12 respondents. Each color corresponds to a different profession:

● Blue: Business owner

● Red: Employee
● Orange: Freelancer

Figure 6. Survey Question 6: 'If you are unemployed, what is your current situation?' - The chart
represents the current situation of 20 respondents. Each color corresponds to a different status:
●
● Blue: Looking for work
● Red: Not looking for work
● Orange: Enrolled in a training program

The majority of our respondents were male (59.4 per cent) and aged between 25 and 34 (40.6 per
cent). The predominant level of education is secondary or equivalent (40.6%). 62.5 per cent are
unemployed and 62.6 per cent of those employed are employees. Of those who are unemployed,
85% are looking for work, 10% are enrolled in a training programme and 5% are not looking for work.
61 per cent of those surveyed are NEETs, i.e. they don't work, study or attend any kind of training.
They are NEET’s in more then a year. 56.3 per cent of the respondents are migrants or refugees and
came mostly from Brazil (61.1 per cent), Cape Verde (22.2 per cent) and Angola (16.7 per cent). Some
have lived in Portugal for more than 10 years, while others have been in Portugal for less than 3
years.

Seccion 2: Digital Competences

Figure 7. Survey Question 8: 'How comfortable do you feel using smartphones and mobile devices?' -
The chart represents the comfort level of 32 respondents with the use of smartphones and mobile
devices. Each color corresponds to a different level of comfort:

● Blue: Very comfortable

● Red: Comfortable
● Orange: Somewhat comfortable
● Green: Not very comfortable
● Purple: Not comfortable at all
Figure 8. Survey Question 9: 'How comfortable do you feel using social media platforms?' - The chart
represents the comfort level of 32 respondents with the use of social media platforms. Each color
corresponds to a different level of comfort:

● Blue: Very comfortable

● Red: Comfortable
● Orange: Somewhat comfortable
● Green: Not very comfortable
● Purple: Not comfortable at all

Figure 9. Survey Question 10: 'How comfortable do you feel using online communication tools (for
example, email, video conferencing)?' - The chart represents the comfort level of 32 respondents
with the use of online communication tools. Each color corresponds to a different level of comfort:

● Blue: Very comfortable

● Red: Comfortable
● Orange: Somewhat comfortable
● Green: Not very comfortable
● Purple: Not comfortable at all
Figure 10. Survey Question 11: 'What is your level of confidence in using online productivity tools (for
example, word processing, spreadsheets)?' - The chart represents the confidence levels of 32
respondents in using online productivity tools. Each color corresponds to a different level of
confidence:

● Blue: Very confident

● Red: Confident
● Orange: Somewhat confident
● Green: Not very confident
● Purple: Not confident at all
● Purple: Not comfortable at all

Figure 11. Survey Question 12: 'How comfortable do you feel using online collaboration tools (for
example, shared documents, project management software)?' - The chart represents the comfort
levels of 32 respondents with using online collaboration tools. Each color corresponds to a different
level of comfort:

● Blue: Very comfortable

 ● Red: Comfortable
● Orange: Somewhat comfortable
● Green: Not very comfortable
● Purple: Not comfortable at all

Figure 12. Survey Question 13: 'What is your level of familiarity with the use of online marketing
tools (for example, social media advertising, email marketing)?' - The chart represents the familiarity
levels of 32 respondents with using online marketing tools. Each color corresponds to a different
level of familiarity:

● Blue: Very familiar

● Red: Familiar
● Orange: Somewhat familiar
● Green: Not very familiar
● Purple: Not familiar at all

Figure 13. Survey Question 31: 'What is your level of confidence in your digital skills for everyday life
and social interactions?' - The chart represents the confidence levels of 32 respondents in their
digital competencies. Each color corresponds to a different level of confidence:
 ● Blue: Very confident
● Red: Confident
● Orange: Somewhat confident
● Green: Not very confident
● Purple: Not confident at all

Figure 14. Survey Question 32: 'What is your level of confidence in your digital skills for job searching
or educational purposes?' - The chart represents the confidence levels of 32 respondents in their
digital competencies for employment or educational ends. Each color corresponds to a different level
of confidence:

● Blue: Very confident

● Red: Confident
● Orange: Somewhat confident
● Green: Not very confident
● Purple: Not confident at all
Figure 15. Survey Question 33: 'Which specific digital skills or technologies do you think would be
most useful to acquire for finding employment or educational opportunities?' - The bar graph
represents the responses of 32 respondents. Each bar, respectively from left to right, corresponds to
the number of respondents who selected a particular skill or technology:

● "Work collaboration tools" (labeled as "Ferramentas de trabalho a..."): 1 response (3.1%)

● "N/A": 6 responses (18.8%)
● "Don't know" (labeled as "Não sei"): 18 responses (56.3%)
● "Internet research" (labeled as "Pesquisar na internet"): 1 response (3.1%)
● "How to start a business" (labeled as "como criar um negócio"): 1 response (3.1%)
● "Mastering platforms..." (labeled as “dominar as plataformas de”): 1 response (3.1%)
● "Don't know" (labeled as "não sei"): 3 responses (9.4%)
● "Work in..." (labeled as "trabalhar no..."): 1 response (3.1%)

Regarding perceived digital skills, 81.6 per cent of respondents feel very comfortable or comfortable
using computers. In terms of using smartphones and mobile devices, 81.3 per cent feel very
comfortable using them. The same percentage of respondents feel very comfortable using social
networking platforms. Regarding the use of online communication tools, 71.9 per cent of
respondents feel very comfortable or just comfortable using them. With regard to the use of online
productivity tools such as word processing and spreadsheets, 37.5 per cent feel very comfortable
using them. When it comes to using online collaboration tools, the majority of respondents feel
uncomfortable using them. The majority of respondents feel uncomfortable or not at all comfortable
using online marketing tools.

50 per cent of respondents are very confident in their digital skills to deal with everyday life and
social interactions. However, only 37.5 per cent have confidence in using them to look for a job and
for educational purposes. The majority of respondents are unable to define which digital skills or
technologies they need to acquire in order to find a job or for educational purposes.

Seccion 3 - Entrepreneurship competencies

Figure 16. Survey Question 14: 'Have you ever started your own business?' - The chart represents the
business startup experience of 32 respondents. Each color corresponds to a different response:

● Blue: Yes
● Red: No

Figure 17. Survey Question 15: 'If you started your own business, how long did it last?' - The chart
represents the duration of the businesses started by respondents. Each color corresponds to a
different range of operation time:

● Blue: Less than 6 months

● Orange: 6 months to 1 year
● Yellow: 1 to 2 years
● Green: 2 to 5 years
● Purple: More than 5 years
Figure 18. Survey Question 16: 'If you have not yet started your own business, do you intend to do so
in the future?' - The chart represents the intentions of 31 respondents regarding starting their own
businesses. Each color corresponds to a different response:

● Blue: Yes
● Orange: No
● Yellow: Uncertain

Figure 19. Survey Question 17: 'What is your level of confidence in your ability to identify a business
opportunity?' - The chart represents the confidence of 32 respondents in identifying business
opportunities. Each color corresponds to a different level of confidence:

● Blue: Very confident

● Red: Confident
● Orange: Somewhat confident
● Green: Not very confident
● Purple: Not confident at all
Figure 20. Survey Question 18: 'What is your level of confidence in your ability to create a business
plan?' - The chart represents the confidence levels of 32 respondents in their ability to create a
business plan. Each color corresponds to a different level of confidence:

● Blue: Very confident

● Red: Confident
● Orange: Somewhat confident
● Green: Not very confident
● Purple: Not confident at all

Figure 21. Survey Question 19: 'What is your level of confidence in your ability to promote your
business?' - The chart represents the confidence levels of 32 respondents in their ability to promote
their business. Each color corresponds to a different level of confidence:

● Blue: Very confident

● Red: Confident
● Orange: Somewhat confident
● Green: Not very confident
● Purple: Not confident at all
Figure 22. Survey Question 20: 'What is your level of confidence in your ability to manage your
business's finances?' - The chart represents the confidence levels of 32 respondents in their financial
management skills for their business. Each color corresponds to a different level of confidence:

● Blue: Very confident

● Red: Confident
● Orange: Somewhat confident
● Green: Not very confident
● Purple: Not confident at all

96.6 per cent of respondents have not started their own business, but those who have done so have
been doing so for more than two years. And of those who haven't set up their own business, 93.5 per
cent don't know if they want to. In terms of entrepreneurial skills, 56.3 per cent consider themselves
to have little confidence in identifying a business opportunity and the same percentage have little
confidence in creating a business plan. In addition, they consider themselves to have little ability to
promote their company or manage their finances.

3. Results of Interviews
In the second phase of our research, we directed our attention toward experts in the realm of digital
technologies and business. Our outreach extended to 10 individuals: representatives from IT
companies, their employees, influencers, social marketers, as well as experts from the academic
sector and the field of Vocational Education and Training (VET).

Regarding the understanding of the importance of Digital Skills in entrepreneurship for the experts’
opinion, digital skills are absolutely essential for individuals looking to succeed as entrepreneurs in
today's market. In our increasingly digital world, having a solid understanding and proficiency in
digital technologies is crucial for various aspects of running a business, from marketing and
communication to data analysis and operations.

Digital skills provide entrepreneurs with the ability to navigate and harness the power of the digital
landscape, opening up opportunities for innovation, growth, and competitiveness. Here are a few
examples of how digital skills have played a crucial role in promoting competitiveness and innovation
within entrepreneurship:

1. Digital Marketing: The rise of social media platforms and online advertising has transformed the
marketing landscape. Entrepreneurs who possess digital marketing skills can create targeted online
campaigns, reach a wider audience, analyze data for insights, and make data-driven decisions to
maximize their marketing efforts.

2. E-commerce: Digital skills enable entrepreneurs to set up and manage online stores, reaching a
global customer base. Digital platforms and technologies provide seamless payment options, secure
transactions, and efficient inventory management, streamlining business operations and enhancing
customer convenience.

3. Data Analytics: Digital tools allow entrepreneurs to collect and analyze vast amounts of data,
providing actionable insights into customer behavior, market trends, and operational efficiency. By
leveraging data analytics, entrepreneurs can make informed decisions, optimize processes, and
identify emerging opportunities.

4. Remote Collaboration: In today's interconnected world, digital skills facilitate remote

collaboration and communication. Entrepreneurs can leverage digital platforms and tools to
collaborate with team members, partners, and clients from different geographical locations, fostering
innovation, and efficient cross-border working relationships.

5. Automation and Efficiency: Digital skills empower entrepreneurs to automate repetitive tasks and
streamline workflows through various technologies such as robotic process automation (RPA) and
artificial intelligence (AI). This enables entrepreneurs to focus on strategic decision-making,
innovation, and value-added activities.

Overall, digital skills have become a necessity for entrepreneurs to stay competitive, succeed, and
drive innovation in today's market. Whether it's embracing digital marketing strategies, leveraging
data analytics, utilizing e-commerce, or harnessing remote collaboration, the application of digital
skills can significantly enhance an entrepreneur's ability to thrive in the digital age.

Concerning the identification of key competences for the "Kit of Digital Skills and Knowledge" there
are several specific competences and skills that are vital. Some of these include:

1. Technical Proficiency: Entrepreneurs in the IT sector should have a strong foundation in technical
skills that are relevant to their industry. This can include programming languages, web development,
mobile app development, database management, cybersecurity, cloud computing, and AI/machine
learning.

2. Understanding of Emerging Technologies: IT entrepreneurs should stay updated with the latest
trends and emerging technologies in the industry. This includes having knowledge of blockchain,
Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and other disruptive technologies
that have the potential to shape the future.

3. Problem-solving and Analytical Skills: Entrepreneurs need to have strong problem-solving and
analytical skills to identify challenges, find innovative solutions, and make data-driven decisions. This
involves the ability to analyze complex situations, think critically, and adapt to changing
circumstances.

4. Adaptability and Continuous Learning: The IT sector is constantly evolving, and entrepreneurs
need to be adaptable and willing to continuously update their knowledge and skills. This includes
staying abreast of new technologies, industry trends, and learning new programming languages or
software tools as needed.

5. Business Acumen: While technical skills are crucial, entrepreneurs also need a solid understanding
of business concepts and strategies. This includes knowledge of finance, marketing, project
management, sales, and customer relationship management.

In addition to technical competences, non-technical skills are equally important for entrepreneurs in
the IT sector. Some of these non-technical competences include:

1. Communication and Collaboration: Effective communication skills are vital for entrepreneurs to
convey ideas, negotiate contracts, and build relationships with clients, partners, and employees.
Collaboration skills enable entrepreneurs to work effectively in teams and foster innovation.
2. Leadership and Management: Entrepreneurs need to possess leadership skills to motivate and
inspire their teams, manage projects, and make strategic decisions. They should have the ability to
set goals, delegate tasks, and provide guidance to ensure the success of their ventures.

3. Adaptability and Resilience: Entrepreneurs operating in the IT sector should be adaptable and
resilient in the face of challenges and uncertainties. They should have the ability to quickly adjust to
changing market conditions and bounce back from setbacks.

4. Creativity and Innovation: Entrepreneurs need to think creatively and foster a culture of
innovation within their organizations. This involves generating new ideas, implementing unique
solutions, and continuously seeking opportunities for improvement.

In summary, while technical skills are essential, entrepreneurs in the IT sector should also possess
non-technical competences such as communication, problem-solving, adaptability, and business
acumen. A well-rounded set of skills is crucial for entrepreneurs to be competitive, innovative, and
successful in the dynamic IT industry.

To better support aspiring entrepreneurs, VET institutions should prioritize the following skills and
knowledge in their educational programs:

1. Technical Skills: VET institutions should provide comprehensive training in relevant technical skills
required in the IT sector. This includes programming languages, web development, database
management, cybersecurity, cloud computing, AI/machine learning, and other domain-specific
competences. Practical hands-on training and experiential learning should be emphasized to ensure
proficiency in these areas.

2. Business and Entrepreneurial Skills: VET institutions should equip aspiring entrepreneurs with
essential business skills and knowledge. This includes courses on entrepreneurship, business
planning, financial management, marketing, project management, and legal aspects of starting and
running a business. Providing students with a solid foundation in business acumen will help them
navigate the challenges of entrepreneurship effectively.

3. Soft Skills: VET institutions should emphasize the development of soft skills that are crucial for
entrepreneurial success. These include communication skills, problem-solving, critical thinking,
creativity, collaboration, adaptability, and resilience. Soft skills play a vital role in enabling
entrepreneurs to effectively interact with clients, stakeholders, and teams, as well as adapt to the
dynamic nature of the IT industry.

4. Industry Engagement: VET institutions should establish strong industry connections and foster
collaborations with IT companies. This can be achieved through internships, industry projects, guest
lectures, and workshops conducted by industry professionals. Such interactions provide students
with real-world insights, hands-on experience, and networking opportunities, enabling them to
understand the practical aspects of the IT sector and build valuable relationships.

For field experts to contribute effectively to entrepreneurial success, they should possess specific
areas of expertise or domain-specific competences. Some key areas of expertise include:

1. Deep Technical Knowledge: Field experts should have a deep understanding of the technical
aspects related to their domain within the IT sector. This could range from specific programming
languages to expertise in a particular area such as cybersecurity, data analytics, or software
development.
2. Industry Experience: Field experts should have significant industry experience, ideally in relevant
roles within the IT sector. This practical experience provides valuable insights into the realities of
entrepreneurship, industry trends, and challenges faced by IT entrepreneurs. It allows field experts to
share real-world examples, case studies, and best practices, enriching the learning experience for
aspiring entrepreneurs.

3. Continuous Learning and Innovation: Field experts should have a mindset of continuous learning
and staying updated with the latest advancements in their field. This includes keeping up with
emerging technologies, industry trends, and innovative practices. By being at the forefront of
knowledge, experts can contribute effectively to entrepreneurial success by providing relevant and
timely guidance.

4. Effective Communication and Mentorship Skills: Field experts should possess strong
communication skills and be able to articulate complex technical concepts in an understandable
manner. Additionally, they should possess mentorship skills to guide and support aspiring
entrepreneurs, providing constructive feedback, and helping them overcome challenges.

There are a few significant gaps and areas of improvement when it comes to the current digital skills
and knowledge available for entrepreneurs or stakeholders. Some of these include:

1. Cybersecurity: With the increasing number of cyber threats and data breaches, there is a need for
entrepreneurs to have a strong understanding of cybersecurity. This includes knowledge of secure
coding practices, risk management, and implementing robust security measures to safeguard their
businesses and customer data.

2. Data Privacy and Ethics: As data becomes more valuable and regulations such as GDPR and CCPA
are implemented, entrepreneurs need to be well-versed in data privacy and ethical considerations.
This involves understanding how to handle and protect user data, ensuring compliance with
regulations, and prioritizing ethical data practices.

3. AI and Automation: As artificial intelligence and automation technologies continue to advance,

entrepreneurs should have knowledge of AI applications, its potential benefits, and ethical
implications. Understanding how to leverage AI and automation to drive innovation and improve
business processes can give entrepreneurs a competitive edge.

4. Digital Transformation: Digital transformation is an ongoing process for businesses to stay

competitive, embrace new technologies, and optimize operational efficiency. Entrepreneurs need to
understand how digital transformation impacts their industry and develop strategies to leverage it
effectively. This includes adopting cloud technologies, IoT integration, and digital platforms for
improved customer experiences.

5. Soft Skills for Remote Work: With the rise of remote work due to global events, entrepreneurs
should develop skills related to managing virtual teams, effective communication in remote settings,
and maintaining employee engagement and productivity in a distributed workforce.

As a conclusion, experts refer that in today's rapidly evolving market, the need for digital
competences extends beyond just the IT sector. Digital skills and knowledge have become essential
across various industries and job positions. Regardless of the field, professionals need to have a basic
understanding of digital technologies and their applications.
Additionally, adaptability and continuous learning are key competences that should be emphasized.
With technological advancements and disruptive changes becoming more frequent, individuals must
be prepared to adapt and learn new skills to stay relevant and competitive.

Moreover, a strong focus on interdisciplinary skills is crucial. The integration of domains like business,
communication, design thinking, and leadership with digital skills can lead to innovative solutions and
holistic approaches to problem-solving.

Lastly, collaboration and networking should not be overlooked. Building connections and
collaborating with diverse professionals fosters creativity, knowledge sharing, and the discovery of
new opportunities. Encouraging a collaborative mindset enhances the ability to work effectively in
multidisciplinary teams, fostering innovation and entrepreneurial success.

In summary, while digital skills are essential, a combination of technical expertise, soft skills,
adaptability, interdisciplinary knowledge, and collaboration is vital for individuals to thrive in the
current market and contribute effectively to their respective fields.

When developing a kit of digital skills and knowledge for competitiveness and innovation targeted
towards vulnerable people, it is crucial to consider their unique needs, challenges, and opportunities.

1. Digital Literacy: Provide foundational knowledge and skills related to basic computer operations,
internet usage, and digital communication. This includes understanding web browsers, search
engines, email, and effective online communication.

2. Online Safety and Privacy: Educate individuals on best practices to ensure online safety, protect
their personal information, and detect and mitigate online threats. Topics could include password
management, phishing, malware, and social engineering awareness.

3. E-commerce and Financial Literacy: Empower individuals with knowledge of online shopping, safe
payment methods, and financial literacy skills relevant to digital transactions. This can include
understanding secure online payment options, budgeting, and avoiding scams.

4. Digital Job Skills: Provide training on skills that are in demand in the digital job market, such as
digital marketing, content creation, social media management, and basic coding. Focus on practical
skills that can help individuals enhance their employability prospects.

5. Online Entrepreneurship: Offer guidance on how to start an online business or leverage digital
platforms effectively for entrepreneurship. Topics may include e-commerce platforms, understanding
target markets, digital marketing strategies, and online customer relationship management.

6. Remote Work Skills: Equip individuals with the necessary skills to thrive in remote work
environments, including remote collaboration, virtual communication, project management tools,
and time management. This can support their ability to pursue remote job opportunities or
freelancing.

7. Access to Technology and Connectivity: Recognize the importance of bridging the digital divide by
addressing barriers to access technology and affordable internet connectivity. Provide information on
low-cost or free technology resources, community tech hubs, and digital inclusion initiatives.

8. Soft Skills Development: Emphasize the development of crucial soft skills such as communication,
adaptability, problem-solving, teamwork, and critical thinking. These skills are important for both
personal and professional success in the digital era.
9. Digital Well-being: Promote strategies for maintaining a healthy relationship with technology,
managing digital distractions, fostering digital balance, and prioritizing mental health in the digital
age.

10. Digital Citizenship and Social Responsibility: Educate individuals about their digital rights and
responsibilities, including ethical behavior, respecting privacy, combating online harassment,
recognizing fake news, and promoting digital inclusion and equality.

By including these themes, topics, and areas of intervention in the kit of digital skills and knowledge,
vulnerable individuals can develop the competences needed to be competitive and innovative in the
digital world, thereby improving their socio-economic opportunities and empowerment.

4. Recommendations
(Completar)

5. Conclusions
(Completar)

In conclusion, our research has shown that there is a significant need for improved access to
education and training in digital competencies and skills for entrepreneurship among
vulnerable groups, such as low-educated young people, immigrants, and NEETs. Our findings
suggest that targeted support for entrepreneurship, including access to funding, mentorship,
and networking opportunities, can help individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds to start
and grow their own businesses. Furthermore, promoting inclusion and diversity in the IT
sector can help to ensure that vulnerable groups are not left behind as the digital economy
continues to grow.

Overall, our report highlights the importance of collaboration among policymakers,

educators, companies, and other stakeholders in developing and implementing strategies to
improve digital competencies and skills for entrepreneurship among vulnerable groups. By
working together, we can help to ensure that everyone has the opportunity to succeed in
the digital age.