#)

Based on the information provided, it seems that the contributions of A, B, C, and E to X

and Y are mediated through common ancestors S and D. A can only contribute to X and Y
through S, and if A were the ancestor of both S and D, it would need to be included as a
common ancestor to account for its contributions through both S and D. This ensures that
the genetic contributions from A to X and Y are appropriately accounted for in the lineage.

Common ancestor n Contribution

S 2 (½) 2 = 0.25

D 3 (½)3 = 1.5

=  1.75

R x y = 175%