Statistics

collecting data and to take conclusions

Data types :

· discrete :

heigh weight ,

A Quantitative
no
continuous siblings age
:

A Qualitative s attributes/categories
·
not numerical

population vs
. sample
population :
totality of subjects you're using
N
N-
>

totality
X
calculation
⑭
statistics interpretation n-sample (random)

a statistic is a
descriptive measure ,
calculated from sample data
&

I
"from the whole population subset of the
I

a parameter
Population
the statistic is an estimation parameter

the mean (n) is the supposed mean (N)

samples
:

debak
random
i nee
-

Le ken

-
a grdbe
-stratified , random sample

systematic random
sampling
-

measures
xi/N xi/n
of central
M (pop . mean) x (sample mean)
-
tendency ↳
through a sample
E (xi M)

=
↓ S'sample
-

measures variance - variances

I
Of N
variance * standard dev.

even number -
mean of the [in the center

odd number-Same number OUTLIERS

mode-bimodal
the
distr 2 numbers repealed
.

number + repeated
 sample (n)
POP -

(around which values) measures of

tendency M X ,
media ,
mode

(how spread they are) measures of dispersion Th S2

T S = S

range
↓
max min

(sum the
size -

quantity of
highs)
minimum and maximum
range-
a)
1 .
2- 3
.

#I DI

D ·
B C

Quartile

b)

K
B A P

.
3 a) 3

I
-
I I 1 +
b) 6
C
123 67

32 students
I
minimum person
+ 1)3
Q3 n
maximum 8
↑

person
=

p
 #

5 6 7 7 9 9 ,
r
,
10 5 ,
13 ,
13 ,
t
, , , , , ,

9 V
Q2 =
+ = 93
18
VI 10

Cloud of points

grade y
= ax + D
........ :
--
-

......
-

linear regression
s

: the line that is closer to all the

&
·
points
...
hours

r = 1 u = - 1
r= correlation Coefficient

-
1 <r41 just linearity
xxxxxx XXXxx

Covariance vs correlation

covariance btwn 2

red exercices