Table of Contents

Abstract 1
Introduction 2
1. Role Of Fire Fighting In Hospital 5
1.1: Risk Measures 5
1.2: Objectives And Applications 5
1.3: Tolerable Fire Risk Criteria For Hospitals 5
1.4: Methodology 6
1.5: General Limitations 6
2. Fire Protection In Hospitals 7
2.1: The Ideal Hospital 7
2.2: Prerequisites And Difficulties 8
3. Environmental Influences 10
3.1: Evacuation Strategy 10
4. Classification 11
4.1: Types Of Installation 11
4.2: Water Supply 11
4.3: Pump Capacity (In 1/Min) 11
5. Fire Extinguisher 12
5.1: Extinguisher Ratings 12
5.2 Types Of Extinguishers 14
6. Abc Dry Chemical 15
7. Bc Dry Chemical 17
8. Water Extinguishers 19
9. Carbon Dioxide 22
10. Class K Extinguisher 24
11. Water Mist 25
12. Class D Extinguisher 27
13. Foam Extinguishers 28
14. Size & Placement 30
15. Installation, Marking 31
16. Hose Reel Systems 32
17. Dry Riser 34
18. Wet / Dry Riser 35
18.1: Maintenance And Operation Of Wet Riser System 36
18.2: Maintenance Requirement Of System Components 36
18.3: Wet Riser Shaft 38
19. Down Comer 39
20. Yard Hydrant (External Hydrant) 41
21. What is a Sprinkler System? 44
21.1: Life Safety Considerations 44
21.2 The Codes 44
21.3 Types of Systems 45
21.4 Wet Pipe System 46
21.5: Dry Pipe Sprinkler 48
21.6: Deluge Sprinkler 53
21.7: Pre-Action Sprinkler 54
21.8: Fire Department Connection (FDC) 64
21.9: FD Operations 67
21.10 Sprinkler System Failures 68
22. Manually Operated Electric Fire Alarm System 69
22.1: Fire Alarm Pull Station 69
22.2: Fire Alarm Systems 70
22.3: Automatic Ditection And Alarm System 75
23. Static Water Storage Tank 81
23.1: Terrace Pump 81
23.2: Arrangement Of Pumps 82
23.3: Water Supplies And Pumping Arrangements 83
23.4: Water Tank 84
24. Case Study Of Trauma Centre 86
25. Conclusion 95