7

Mathematics
Third Quarter Module 4
Week 4
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

This module was collaboratively designed, developed, and evaluated by the Development
and Quality Assurance Teams of SDO TAPAT to assist you in helping the learners meet the
standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and
economic constraints in schooling.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also
need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own
learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the
tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided
and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the
contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care.

2. Don’t forget to answer Let’s Try before moving on to the other activities included in
the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to
consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain a
deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
 Let’s Learn
After going through this module, you are expected to use a compass and
straightedge to bisect line segments and angles and construct perpendiculars and parallels.

Let’s Try
Directions: Read each item carefully. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which is TRUE about parallel lines?
A. Two or more lines that never intersect
B. Two or more intersecting lines
C. Two lines in the same plane that are equal distance from each other and
never intersect
D. Two lines that intersect at the right angle
2. Which of the following best describe perpendicular lines?
A. Two lines that intersect at the right angle
B. Two or more intersecting lines
C. Two lines that never intersect
D. Two or more lines on the same plane that never intersect
3. These mathematical instruments are needed in bisecting a line.
i. Compass ii. Pencil iii. Protractor iv. Straightedge (Ruler)
A. i B. i and ii C. i and iii D. i, ii, and iv
4. __________ is to cut an angle or a line segment into two equal parts.
A. Bisect B. Construct C. Divide D. Split
5. Which is TRUE about line segment bisector?
A. A point on the line segment that divides it into two equal parts.
B. A line, ray, or segment which divides another line segment into two equal parts
and passes through the midpoint.
C. A point on the line segment that divides it into two parts.
D. A line, ray, or segment which divides another line segment into two parts.
6. Which of the following is TRUE about angle bisector?
A. A line, ray, or segment that bisect an angle into two equal parts.
B. A line, ray, or segment that bisect an angle into two parts.
C. A point on the angle that divides it into two equal parts.
D. A point on the angle that divides it into two parts.
7. Consider the figure on the right, what is the first step in X
bisecting the ?
P
A. Place the compass tip at Y and draw an arc Y
Z
intersecting both rays of the angle. Label the points of
intersection X and Z.
B. Use a straightedge to draw line segment PY.
C. Place the compass tip at X and Z to draw an equal arc that intersects at P.
D. Use straightedge to connect X and Z.
8. Arrange the following steps in constructing a line perpendicular to line m given point
A NOT on line m.
i. Use your ruler to connect points A and B.
A
ii. From each arc on the line, strike another arc below
line m from the points X and Y. The new arcs will m

X B Y
intersect. Label the intersection point B.
iii. Place your compass on the given point A. Strike an
arc across line m on each side of point A. Label this point X and Y.
A. i, ii, and iii B. ii, iii and i C. iii, i, and ii D. iii, ii, and i
9. Which of the following figures shows the correct geometric construction of a line
perpendicular to line l which contains a point?
A. B.

C. D.

l
 10. Which is NOT TRUE if line segment AB is a perpendicular bisector of line segment
XY?
A. The intersection point is the midpoint .
B. They will intersect at a 90° angle.
C. Any point on is equidistant from the endpoints of .

D. intersect since they are of equal length.

Alternatively, you may answer these questions online!

http://bit.ly/MATH734 Put your
Use proper capitalization to activate the link. You will see your score score
after completing the test. Make sure to screenshot your work as a
proof to your teacher then writes your score in the box.
Make sure you are connected to the internet!

Lesson
Basic Geometric Construction
4
This lesson is about geometric constructions, in geometry construction means to
draw shapes, angles, or lines accurately. These constructions use the only compass,
straightedge (i.e. ruler), and a pencil.
 Let’s Recall
Activity 1: Match Column A to Column B by writing the letter of your answer before the
number.
Column A Column B

______ 1. Part of a line that is bounded by two distinct a. Angle Bisector

endpoints and contains every point on the line between
its endpoints. b. Segment

______2. Formed by two rays that intersect at a c. Perpendicular Lines

common endpoint. d. The midpoint of a line
______3. A line, line segment, or ray that divides an segment
angle into two equal parts.
e. Angle
______4. The halfway point of a line segment.
f. Parallel Line
______5. Lines that intersect at a right angle.
______6. Two lines in the same plane that are at equal
distance from each other and never meet.

Let’s Explore
Activity 2: Construct ΔABC such that AB = 6 cm, BC = 8 cm, and AC = 7 cm long.
Use a ruler for this. Do the following constructions using ΔABC.

1. Bisect the side BC

2. Bisect the interior
3. Construct the altitude from vertex C. (The perpendicular from C to )
4. Construct a line through B which is parallel to side AC.

Let’s Explain
Using only the compass and straightedge, we can perform the basic constructions in
geometry, without measurement of lengths and angles involved.
 • Compass is a mathematical instrument used to draw circles and arcs.
• A straightedge is a mathematical instrument used to draw a straight line or checking
its straightness.
• A ruler is a mathematical instrument used to measure length.
Construction also provides insight into geometric concepts and gives us tools to draw
things when direct measurement is not appropriate.
Construction of a Line Segment Bisector
A line segment bisector is a line, ray, or segment that divides the line segment into
two equal parts and passes through the midpoint.
Example 1: Construct the line segment bisector of the line segment below.

M N

To construct a line segment bisector , we will need a ruler and a compass, and
the following steps must be followed:

Step 1: Adjust the compass with a length of more than

half the distance between M and N. Place the
tip of the compass at M and draw arcs above
N
and below . M

Step 2: Using the same compass opening, place

the compass tip at N and draw arcs above
and below . M N

Step 3: Name the intersection of the two arcs as O and

P. Use a straightedge to connect O and P. M N

Line segment OP is the line segment bisector of and the intersection of with
is the midpoint of .

To watch a video on How to Construct a Line Segment Bisect,

visit this link: https://youtu.be/s81r4aG3Nu8
Construction of Angle Bisector
The bisector of an angle is a line, line segment, or ray that divides an angle into
two equal parts.

Example 2: Construct the angle bisector of the angle below.

To construct the angle bisector , we will need a ruler and a compass, and the
following steps must be followed:

Step 1: Place the compass tip at point X and open it to any width. Draw W

an arc that intersects both rays of the angle. Label the point of X
intersection W and Y. Y

W
Step 2: Place the compass tip at point W and place the pencil at point
Y, this sets the compass width. Draw an arc inside the angle. X
Y

Step 3: Using the same compass opening, place the compass tip at W
point Y. Draw a second arc inside the angle. Label the intersection Z
X
point Z. Y

W
Step 5: Use a straightedge to draw a ray from the vertex of the angle Z
through point Z. X
Y

Ray XZ is the angle bisector of . Thus, divides into two smaller equal
angles, and .

To watch a video on How to Construct an Angle Bisector,

visit this link: https://youtu.be/swPN9eSWt9U
Construction of Perpendicular Lines
A line is said to be perpendicular ( ) to another line if they intersect at a right angle.

Example 3: Construct a line perpendicular to line l containing point A.

To construct a line perpendicular to line l containing point A, we will need a ruler and
a compass, and the following steps must be followed:

Step 1: Place the compass tip at point A. Set the

compass opening less than the length of line l and draw
an arc intersecting line l on each side of point A. Label B A C
the point of intersection B and C.

Step 2: Place the compass tip at point B. Set the

compass opening more than half . Draw an arc above
line l. A
B C

D
Step 3: Using the same compass opening, place the
compass tip at point C. Draw a second arc above line l.
Label the intersection points of two arcs as D.
A
B C

Step 4: Use a straightedge to draw line AD.

A
B C

is perpendicular to line l through point A. Notice that and are equal,

therefore A is the midpoint of . Thus, is the perpendicular bisector of .

To watch a video on How to Construct a Line Perpendicular

to a given line containing a point, visit this link:
https://youtu.be/z-qdyuQ-JSw
Example 4: Given line XY and point A not on . Construct a line perpendicular to
through point A.
A

X Y

To construct a line perpendicular to line XY through point A not on , we will need a

ruler and a compass, and the following steps must be followed:

A
Step 1: Place your compass on the given point A. Draw an arc
intersecting the line on each side of point A. Label the
intersection points X and Y, respectively. X Y

A
Step 2: Set the compass opening more than half ,
place the compass tip at point X. Draw an arc below
the given line. Using the same compass opening, place the Y
X
compass tip at point Y draw an arc below the given line. Label
the intersection point B. B

Step 3: Use a straightedge to connect points A and B. Y

X

is perpendicular to ? In symbols .

To watch a video on How to Construct a Line Perpendicular

to a given line through a point, not on a line, visit this link:
https://youtu.be/5bZLpHVIUyE
Construction of Parallel Lines
Have you ever observed the opposite edges of a door? Interesting fact, this is an
example of parallel lines. What exactly are parallel lines? In a plane, two lines are said to be
parallel if they do not intersect no matter how far they will be extended in both directions.

Example 5: Given and point A not on . Construct a line that is parallel to the line
and will pass through point A.

X
Y

To construct a line parallel to the other line from a point, not on the given line we will
need to have a ruler and a compass, and the following steps must be followed:

A
Step 1: Choose any point on and join it to
point A. Label the intersection point B.

X B
Y

Step 2: Place the compass tip at point A

B and draw an arc intersecting G

and. Label the points of intersection G
and H.
X B H
Y

Step 3: Using the same compass opening,

A
place the compass tip at point A and draw an
G
arc intersecting . Label the intersection I

point I.
X B H
Y

Step 4: Using the same compass opening, J

A
place the compass tip at I and draw an
G
arc intersecting the arc you draw in #3. Label I

the intersection point J.

X B H
Y
 J
Step 5: Use a straightedge to draw a A
line containing point J and point G
I
A.

X B H
Y

is the line parallel to containing point A. In symbols,

To watch a video on How to Construct Parallel Lines, visit

this link: https://youtu.be/im81vHIhZS8

Let’s Dig In

Activity 3: Do the following constructions.

1. Construct a line segment bisector of each of the following:
a. b.
C D R

2. Construct the bisector of the following angles.

a. b.
S

3. Construct a line perpendicular to:

a. line h through point P b. line h from point F

h h
P

4. Construct a line parallel to line t at point K. F

K
 Let’s Remember

 Basic construction in geometry means to draw shapes, angles, or lines accurately

without measurement of lengths and angles involved. It uses a compass,
straightedge, and a pencil.
 Compass is a mathematical instrument used to draw circles and arcs.
 A straightedge is a mathematical instrument used to draw a straight line or checking
its straightness.
 A ruler is a mathematical instrument used to measure length.
 Line segment bisector is a line, ray, or segment that divides the line segment into
two equal parts and passes through the midpoint.
 An angle bisector is a line, line segment, or ray that divides an angle into two equal
parts.
 Perpendicular lines are lines that intersect at a right angle.
 Parallel lines two or more lines in the same plane that are equal distance from each
other and do not intersect no matter how far they will be extended in both directions.

Let’s Apply
B
Activity 4: Do the following construction using the given figure at the right.

1. Construct line segment that will bisect side BC

A C
2. Construct angle bisector of
3. Construct the altitude from vertex C. (The perpendicular from C to )
4. Construct a line through B which is parallel to side AC.

Activity 5: In your own words, explain, how you would divide a line segment into four
congruent segments using a compass and straightedge.
 Let’s Evaluate

Directions: Read each item carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which of the following DOES NOT represent a parallel line?
A. Door B. Ladder C. Nautical Compass D. Railroad
2. Which is TRUE about line segment bisector?
A. A point on the line segment that divides it into two equal parts.
B. A line, ray, or segment divides another line segment into two equal parts and
passes through the midpoint.
C. A point on the line segment that divides it into two parts.
D. A line, ray, or segment divides another line segment into two parts.
3. When bisecting an angle, the straightedge should be used to _______________.
A. Connect point C and vertex O.
B. Copy point C and vertex O. A
C
C. Mark the point C.
D. Measure the angle AOB. O B

4. Which is TRUE about angle bisector?

A. A line, ray, or segment that bisect an angle into two equal parts.
B. A line, ray, or segment that bisect an angle into two parts.
C. A point on the angle that divides it into two equal parts.
D. A point on the angle that divides it into two parts.
5. Consider the figure at the right, what is the first step in
constructing the angle bisector ? M

A. Use a straightedge to draw line segment RN. R

N
B. Place the compass tip at M and O to draw an equal O

C. an arc that intersects at R.

D. Place the compass tip at N and draw an arc intersecting both rays of the
angle. Label the points of intersection M and O.
E. Use a straightedge to connect M and O.
6. Which of the following geometric construction is illustrated in the figure?
A. An angle bisector.
B. A line parallel to a given line.
A B
C. A perpendicular bisector of a segment.
 D. A perpendicular through a point not on the line.
7. Which of the following geometric constructions is illustrated in the figure?
A. An angle bisector
A

B. A line parallel to XY through A

C. A line perpendicular to XY through A
D. A perpendicular bisector to XY through A X B
Y

8. Arrange the following steps in constructing a line perpendicular to line m given point
A not on a line m in chronological order.
i. Use your ruler to connect points A and B.
ii. From each arc on the line, strike another arc below line m from the points X
and Y. The new arcs will intersect. Label the intersection point B.
iii. Place your compass on the given point A. Strike an arc across line m on
each side of point A. Label this point X and Y.
A. i, ii, and iii B. ii, iii and i C. iii, i, and ii D. iii, ii, and i
9. Which of the following figures shows the correct geometric construction of a line
perpendicular to line l which contains a point?

A. C.
l

B. D.

l
10. Which is NOT TRUE if line segment AB is a perpendicular bisector of line segment
XY?
A. The intersection point is the midpoint .
B. They will intersect at a 90° angle.
C. Any point on is equidistant from the endpoints of .

D. intersect since they are of equal length.

Alternatively, you may answer these questions online!

http://bit.ly/MATH734E Put your
Use proper capitalization to activate the link. You will see your score score
after completing the test. Make sure to screenshot your work as a
proof to your teacher then writes your score in the box.
Make sure you are connected to the internet!
 Let’s Extend
Activity 6: Do the following construction and create your unique design or geometric art.

Step 1: Draw a line segment at the middle part of the paper

Step 2: Construct a perpendicular bisector of the line in step 1.
a. Set the compass tip more than half the measure of the line segment. Draw
a semi-circle whose center is one of the endpoints and will intersect the
line segment.
b. Using the same compass opening, place the compass tip at the other
endpoint and draw a semi-circle that will intersect the line segment.
c. Connect the intersection of the two semi-circles using a straightedge.
Step 3: Construct a circle with a radius equivalent to half of the line segment in step 1 and
with a center at the point of intersection of the two lines segment.
Step 4: Using the same compass opening, construct the angle bisector of the four right
angles.
Step 5: Using the construction above choose which marks to keep and which to erase to
make your unique design or geometric art. You may add your personality into the design or
geometric art by coloring it.

Submit the following:

1. Your constructed version following the construction steps given.
2. Your unique design or geometric art.
References
DepEd Grade 7 Mathematics Teaching Guide
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s81r4aG3Nu8&t=39s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=swPN9eSWt9U
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z-qdyuQ-JSw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5bZLpHVIUyE&t=22s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=im81vHIhZS8&t=20s
https://intl.siyavula.com/read/maths/grade-8/construction-ofgeometric-figures/11-
construction-of-geometric-figures?id=toc-id-11
https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/arrange-the-following-steps-of-a-scientific-study-
in-chronological-ordera-observationb-experimentc-collection-of/
https://mathbitsnotebook.com/Geometry/Constructions/CCconstruction2.html

Development Team of the Modules

Writer: MS. ANALYN G. PANCHO
Content Evaluator: MS. MARICEL P. MASALAY
Language Evaluator: HANNA LOVELLE P. PADERNAL
Reviewer: MS. MIRASOL I. RONGAVILLA, ESP-Mathematics
MS. MARICEL P. MASALAY
MS. JENNICA ALEXIS B. SABADO
DR. MELEDA POLITA
Illustrators: MS. ANALYN G. PANCHO
Management Team: DR. MARGARITO B. MATERUM, SDS
DR. GEORGE P. TIZON, SGOD Chief
DR. ELLERY G. QUINTIA, CID Chief
MS. MARISOL I. RONGAVILLA, ESP-Mathematics
DR. DAISY L. MATAAC, ESP-LRMS/ALS

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

School Division of Taguig City and Pateros Upper Bicutan Taguig City

Telefax: 8384251

Email Address: sdo.tapat@deped.gov.ph