Flood

A flood is an overwhelming amount of water

that overflows onto normally dry land due to
heavy rainfall, snowmelt, or other problems
that prevent the water from being absorbed
quickly by the soil or drained by existing
waterways. Floods can occur suddenly or
gradually.
Main Causes of
Flooding 1.Heavy Rainfall: Prolonged heavy
rain or a short period of heavy rain
can cause flooding.

2.Snowmelt: In spring, rapid snowmelt

due to rising temperatures can cause
flooding.

.
Main Causes of
Flooding 3.Water Return: Excess river water
that cannot be dealt with by existing
waterways.

4.Topography and Drainage: Poor

topography and drainage systems can
result in water not draining properly
 River Overflow Flood: Occurs when
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river discharge overflows beyond its
normal limits.

Sea Outburst Flood/Rob: Caused by

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Types of Floods rising sea levels, often due to storms,
tidal waves, or damage to coastal
ecosystems.

Flash Flood: Very powerful and sudden
3
floods, often accompanied by
landslides, that destroy everything in
their path.
Inundation Flood: Occurs when water
inundates low-lying land due to heavy
rainfall.
 Impact of
Flood
1.Property Damage: Homes, businesses and
infrastructure can be destroyed or
severely damaged.
2.Economic Losses: Floods can cause major
economic losses due to damage and
disruption of economic activity.
3.Environmental Losses: Floods can
damage river ecosystems and coastal
areas.
4.Clean Water Crisis: Polluted drinking
water can cause a clean water crisis.
5.Loss of Life and Injuries: Floods can
result in loss of life and serious injuries.
 3
Public Outreach: Educate the
Mitigation public about safety measures
during floods and their role in
preparation.
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Early Warning: Receiving flood
warnings quickly is key to safe Public Outreach: Educate the
evacuation. 2 public about safety measures
Flood Infrastructure: Build during floods and their role in
levees, waterways, and other preparation.
infrastructure that can
control flooding.