Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Story of The Legend
Story of The Legend
Ra or re was the ancient Egyptian deity of the Sun. By the Fifth Dynasty, in the 25th and 24th
centuries BC, he had become one of the most important gods in ancient Egyptian religion, identified
primarily with the noon-day sun. Ra ruled in all parts of the created world: the sky, the Earth, and the
underworld. He was believed to have ruled as the first pharaoh of Ancient Egypt. He was the god of
the sun, order, kings and the sky. He instead of telling his name, Ra boasts of his creation of the earth
and mountains and of his power to make the Nile rise. He tells Isis some of his other names--"I am
Khepera in the morning, Ra at noon-day, and Temu in the evening" but he will not surrender his
secret name.
Religious roles:
According to Egyptian myth, when Ra became too old and weary to reign on Earth he relinquished
and went to the skies. As the Sun god one of his duties was to carry the Sun cross the sky on his solar
barque to light the day. But when the sun set and twilight came, he and his vessel pass through the
akhet, the horizon, in the west, and travels to the underworld.
The Sun is the giver of life, controlling the ripening of crops that were worked by man. Because of the
life-giving qualities of the Sun, the Egyptians worshipped the Sun as a god. The creator of the
universe and the giver of life, the Sun or Ra represented life, warmth and growth.
In the underworld—
Ra was thought to travel on the Atet, two solar barques called the Mandjet (the Boat of Millions of
Years) or morning-boat and the Mesektet or evening-boat. These boats took him on his journey
through the sky and the Duat – twelve hours of night which is also the literal underworld of Egypt.
While Ra was on the Mesektet, he was in his ram-headed form. When Ra travelled in his sun-boat, he
was accompanied by various other deities including Sia (perception) and Hu (command), as well as
Heka (magic power).