Lesson objectives several pages long and in research or dissertation the

so called-IMRAD structure. What is IMRAD structure?

1. Define academic text
Now let’s get to know what is IMRAD stands for.
2. determine text structure of an academic text from
I-introduction M-method R- results A-and D-
varoius discipline.
discussion
What is academic text?
Of course there are other parts of research paper
Academic- text it is defined as critical, objective, which you will study further in your practical research
specialized text written bt experts or professionals in a subject but he basic structure is what we call IMRAD
given field using formal language. when we say introduction what question was asked
methods how was it studied results what was found
Take note thw word formal we discuss is totally and discussion what do the findings mean. I’ll show
different from daily conversations(formal language is you the parts oof IMRAD structure as
different from daily English) We don’t use of
constractions or informal vocabulary. Let’s see the Basic structure IMRAD
word “don’t” in academic we need to write the two
 Introduction (what question was asked?)
words do not instead of don’t that is contraction. (the
 Methods (How was it studied?)
word “don’t” is an example of a conttraction. Write
 Results (What was found?)
“do not”. ) (academic text is based on facts)
 And
It is objective because it is base on facts and n ot  Discussion (What do the findings mean?)
base on opnions, it is technical because there are
I’ll show you the parts of IMRAD structure as
words or phrases that we need to use for a specific
applied the thesis format to take a look I believe your
discipline (technical because there are specific words
practical research teachers will discuss in details how
or vocabulary which are only suited for a specific
how to write a research paper based on those formats
discipline)
I’m just giving you the overview of IMRAD sturcture
For example when we talk the word (virus for ICT since we already finished discussing the structure of
students has a dfferent meaning from STEM or science the academic text let’s proceed to academic
group) meaning tvl, ict or information technology discilpine. What are some academic discipline, can
students they have a different meaning for stem or you name the specific subjects you have in school are
science students in order to good in academic writing, just part of the academic text.
you should know the specific styles and structures for
Let’s poroceed to academic discipline what are
your discipline academic writing is just like building a
same academic disciplines. Can you name the specific
house you need a solid foundation as you make a
subjects you have in school there are just part of the
well-structured house. A well-structured text enables
academic discipline in college or university in senior
the reader to follow the argument. (A well-structured
high we are different tracks. Let’s get to know them.
text enables the reader to follow the argument and
navigate the text.)

It means, that is logical and organized this is more Discipline Branches

comprehensible(academic text should be logical and Humanities Art, history, language, literature,
organized your text is easier to understand) if the flow music, philosophy, religion, theater
of the text is based on the three part of an essay
struccture.(can you remember the basic three-part
Natural and Biology, chemistry, computer,
structure in writing?) Can you recall the basic three-
applied science. Engineering, geology,
part sturcture they are the introduction, body and
sciences mathematics, physics, medicine
conclusion.

The introduction and the conclusion should be Business Accounting, economics. Finance,
shorter than the body of the text. For shorter essays management, marketing
one or two paragraphs for each of these sections can
be approriate. For longer text or thesis they may be
 Social sciences Antropology, education, geography,
law, political science, psychology,
sociology
We have business and disciplines and their we
have business amb students you belong to the
business discipline. We have humanities the humes or
the lam students the art and design for tvl can be
disciplines. Well we have basic structure of academic
writing yet each academic discipline has its own focus
learning the conventions and content each of them
will make our writing ouput more relevant. What are
thought after learning the structure of academic text?
Did you find them useful?
Ending of the first video….
Second video…
Why is it assisted statement in academic writing.
How to write of killer thesis statement? More on this
in a beat. How you feel if your crush says “ I LoveYou”
for the girls and woman wether you like it or not
that’s the flattering statement. This statement “ I Love
You” is short simple, concise clear and is considere the
most powerful statement. Oh wait why I’m talking
about this? Because in academic writing there is also
one killer powerful, concise statement that you need
to know and that is a “thesis statement”. That is our
topic for today.
Our lesson objectives are the following, you are
going to define thesis statement You’re going to
locate the thesis statement in a text, and apply the the
strategies in writing a thesis statement.
Ojectives:
1. Defie thesis statement;
2. Locate the thesis statement in a text; and
3. Apply the strategies in writing a thesis statement.
In our previous lesson we talked about the
structure of a text. You are now building the structure
of your writing . But one of the biggest problem the
student nowadays how to start your writing. Is that
your problem too? By the way what is a thesis
statement. Why is it important to know?
A thesis statement- a declarative statement and is
not a question. It is a simple sentence that make
statement or express an attitude, condition, opinion,
your position, or feeling about the subject.
It unifies the facts and information of an argument
by describing the over all purpose. And it predicts or
forecasts what the essay will discuss and it is the
central or the main point of the essay. In academic
text is usually presented in the abstract or executive
summary or found the last part in the introduction.
[IN ACADEMIC WRITING, thesis statement are found in
abstracts or executive summary]
There are 3 components of or ingredients of a
thesis statement, first, is the topic. This is the general
subject of the text or essay. For example, the topic is
corona virus. The next is controlling idea, this is your
view or opinion or feeling. For example, people should
strictly follow health protocols. The third is the sub-
topic (optional). For example. To prevent the spread of
the corona virus. The example of the thesis statement
is “People should strictlly follow health protocol in
order to prevent the spread of the coronavirus. In
the exanple you should have a topic a controlling idea
and the sub-topic which make a good thesis
statement.
Let’s try this statement. The coronavirus
lockdown has led people to serious psychological and
emotional problems for workers. Where is the topic?
It is the coronavirus lockdown. Where is the
controlling idea? This is led people. The sub-topic? To
serious psychological and emotional problems for
workers. There should be supporting reasons in your
statement. Remember your controlling idea is your
opinion.
Let,s practice locating the opinion wors in a thesis
statements. Example, “Playing online games is
distroying the unity of modern family. What is the
opinion word in a sentence? It is the word destroying.
The are misconceptions of a thesis statement: First is
the using general statements, like for instance like
online games. This too general as it talks about all
students. When you say, My bestfriends like online
games. This very specific as it talks about particular
students and their likes.
Onother misconception is when you state a fact a
thesis statement should debatable and is supporting
the writer when you say, the Philippine is tropical
country. (That is a fact) It is hard to argue. But when
you say, the Philippines is a good place for travel
vloggers because of its beautiful beaches. This can be
argue.
 The last misconception is when you make an
annnoucements. Like for instance, I am going to prove
that… or I want to share my thoughts about
coronavirus. So you better say, since th vaccine is on
its trial period, the government should seriously spend
much on testing kits and hire more workers for
contract tracing.
In academic writing as I mentioned earlier you can
find thesis statements in abstract. This is the example,
[thesis statements are found in abstracts] This is not
the whole content of the abstract. I’ll give you time to
read.
“My studies have revealed that effective use of e-
learning would help increase motivation, attendance,
student’s behavior and performance. This study,
therefore, aimed to determine the effectiveness of the
equipperschool as an online platform in motivating
the interest level of students towards oral
communication.
So this absrtract, where is the thesis statement? Do
you have any guess? So the thesis statement is..
This study, therefore, aimed to determine the
effectiveness of the equipperschool as an online
platform in motivating the interest level of students
towards oral communication.
So where is the thesis statements located? You
can find them at the beginning, middle or the last part
o sentence of a text. Let’s to analyze this statement:
Christians practice premarital sex in the Philippines.
What do you think this statement? This a weak thesis.
How we can make it a strong thesis? We can say,
“Christians who practice premarital sex violate the
basic tenets of the bible and its teaching of christian
education to be maodest in the society. This is a strong
thesis because it is controversial, readers will be
interested in reading to say how you support your
point. This is the reason why the controversial issues
can be popular because there is opinionated and
supportive by your reasons and of course debatable.
Why you fast about writing a thesis statement?
Remember the thesis statement is the central or main
idea of the essay or text. It is debatable supportive
with reasons. It should not too broad nor too narrow
and be specific.
The third video… Pattern of Development in Writing
definition, exemplication chronology, despcription,
comparison/contrast..
Pattern development that’s the first lesson that we are
going to discuss. Hi dear learners this is renet and I am
excited to share topics that are related to and writing
subject well last semester we talk about oral
communication which mainly focus two skills which
are listening and speaking now welcome to another
subject the reading and writing for senior high school
what do you expect from this subject? Well I am
always inspired to see students going to bookshops
because I know more students are hooked on
technology.
Let me begin by giving you our lesson objectives.
Objectives:
At the end of the our lesson, you are expected to:
a. Identify the different patterns od development;
b. Find out the features of each pattern od
development; and
c. Write paragraphs using different patterns od
development.
What these plants? Hmmp.. to all plantitas and
plantatus out there I know you can easily name those
plants. Can you guess the name? I’m not a plantita but
I just have collective these you have noticed that they
have patterns by looking at the pattern you can
already recognize the name in writing there is also
pattern. Our topic is centered on the patterns of
development oe we say writing pattern. Why do you
need it? You have learned that effective
communication begins with a clear organized set of
ideas following a logical consistent patten. It is the
power for the sender ans the receiver, it ia important
to identify the author’s perspective by discovering the
way the message being sent.
Every writer has a purpose for writing and some of
action is the order in which the material will be
presented in the text. Well are you now ready to
study the organizational of the paragraph? Have you
noticed that in your module or in some performance
activities there are graphic organizers. Why graphic
organizer are essential? Well the more you
understand them. The easier for you to write different
patterns of development.
In determining the patterns of development I a
text. You should consider the signal words aside from
the meaning of text. [example of the signal words
are: next, between, but, etcetera.]
 How many writing patterns do you have or do we -Present the general statement and then provides
have? Base on my reference material there are nine or specific and the provides specific and concrete the
ten patterns. Oh so many but I will discuss nine but examples to expound on the main idea.
since it’s quite long we wil only discuss the first five
- Spider map graphic organizer is useful for this
patterns of development. Are you ready ?
pattern
The first pattern is definition. This is quite an easy
If we use a graphic organizer the besr to use is a
pattern we always say oh what does it mean?
spider map or also known as a semantic map. The
main idea is placed along the its diagonal line while
the details of the main idea are placed on the side of
the diagonals. If you right all this information this
Definition Paragraph spider map and put it in a paragraph then it becomes
the exemplification pattern. These are some sinal
-tells the reader what term or concept is being words for exemplification:
defined.
EXEMPIFICATION PATTERN SIGNAL WORDS___
- may be formal or informal in giving definition of term
-after all -namely
or concepts
-as an -put another
Young people have crazy way they are asked to define -example -way
what love is. They say love is like a bubble gum, just -consider the following -specially
kidding. This pattern of development is commonly -for example -stated
used in the sciences humanities and business. Well -for instance -differently
-in other words -to be specific
common signal words for definitiona are,
-in particular -to clarify
-Definition paragraph common signal words: -in short -to illustrate

-> is defined as -> refers to

-> as defined as -> to define

Before you write consider this question..
-> means -> to illustrate
Guide or probing question for exemplification pattern
And these are some of your guide question or probing
questions for what is it, what are its limits?  What are some typical cases or example of it?
-Guide or probing questions for definition pattern:-
The third one is chronology or procedure as the name
* What is it?
implies this pattern organizes ideas or events
* What are its limits? according to time. It can be in the form.

Example of the defintion paragraph: CHRONOLOGY/PROCEDURE PATTERN

Social engineering is defined as any method which  Organizes ideas or events according to time
tricks people to share personal information through  Can either be in the form of narration or a
the use of technology. The social component in this process
scheme means that there is reliance on various  Some writers consider this also as a narrration
psychological tricks and on the gullibility users rather pattern
than technical hacking. Social engineering also refers
When you narrate you try to tell a story, you are
to various malicious acts online such as phising,
relating of series of events. Common signal words are
spamming, and pretexting.
first..
By looking at the paragraph what are some signal
Chronoloogy/procedure signal words:
words, well the underline red words are signal words
First, second, next, then, soon, finally, eventually,
The second is the Exemplication pattern:
etcetera.