Electronics Workshop

EN-116

Lab Number:

Submitted to: ______________________

Submitted by:
Name: _

Roll No. _

Group: _

Department of Electronic Engineering

University of Engineering and Technology Taxila
 Type of Electrical Wiring System
PRE-LAB TASK
Objectives

In this lecture we will discuss different types of wiring and their properties and the method of
installation.
Introduction
Electrical Wiring means:
Wiring is a process of supplying electrical energy to electrical components.

Fig. Electrical wiring

Type of wiring system

Four type of wiring are
▪ Cleat Wiring
▪ Casing and Copping Wiring
▪ Batten Wiring
▪ Conduit Wiring

Uses of Wires
The safety of electrical board provides the electric supply to the outside of the consumer’s
premises.
The consumer has to take the connection from that point to main switch board at home.

1|Page
Wiring is used to connect loads to main, which is used to run devices.
What is Electrical Wiring?
Electrical wiring is the electrical power distribution through the wires in a perfect manner for
economic use of wiring conductors inside a room or building with better load control.
Electrical wiring system is classified into four categories:
• Cleat wiring
• Casing capping wiring
• Batten wiring
• Conduit wiring

Cleat Wiring
Material Used in Cleat Wiring
VIR or PVC insulated wires
Porcelain cleats or plastic cleats (two or three grooves)
Screws

Fig.

Procedure of Cleat Wiring

In this wiring VIR or PVC, insulated wires are braided and compounded on walls or ceiling with
the help of porcelain cleats.
2|Page
The wires can be weather proof. Simple wire laying is done in this scheme of wiring. In present
days, this kind of wiring scheme is not recommended for house or building.
Only in temporary army campus or festival related panels this wiring is used.

Fig. cleat wiring

3|Page
 Advantages of Cleat Wiring

There are some advantages of this type of wiring. Cheap and easy wiring
Easy to fault detection Easy to repair
Alteration and addition is easy.

Disadvantages of Cleat Wiring

The disadvantages of this wiring are Bad appearance
Exposed to weather to be affected by humidity, rain, smoke, sunlight etc.
Chances for shock or fire
Used in only 220V in low ambient temperature. Not long lasting
Sag happens

Casing capping Wiring

Material Used in Casing Wiring
VIR or PVC insulated wires
Casing Enclosure (made of wood or plastic) Capping (made of wood or plastic)
Casing and capping joints.
Procedure of Casing Wiring
This kind of winding is very old fashioned. Generally, PVC or VIR insulated wires are carried
through the casing enclosure and capping is used to cover the casing.

4|Page
 Fig.
Advantages of Casing Wiring
Advantages of this kind of wiring scheme are
Cheap and easy to install
Strong and durable wiring
Customization can be done easily
Safe from smoke, dust, rain and steam etc.
Due to casing and capping no risk of shock.
Disadvantages of Casing Wiring

There are some disadvantages in casing wiring;

They are Very costly
Not suitable for weather with high humidity and acidic conditions.
Insect like termites or ants can damage wooden casing and capping.
High risk of fire.
Batten Wiring
Material Used in Batten Wiring
CTS or TRS cable
Straight teak wooden batten (at 10 mm thick)
Tinned brass link clip (buckle clip)

Procedure of Batten Wiring

Group of Single or double or three core cables are used to be laid on straight teak wooden batten.

5|Page
The cables are hold with help of tinned brass link clip or buckle clip. Brass pins are used to fix
the buckle clips on the wooden batten. Buckle clips is fixed with brass pin on the wooden batten
at an interval 10 cm for horizontal runs and 15 cm for vertical runs.

Fig.
Advantages of Batten Wiring
Easy installation
Cheap in material cost
Appearance is better.
Customization is easy
Less chance of leakage current
Disadvantages of Batten Wiring
The disadvantages of batten wiring are
not suitable for outdoor wiring

Humidity, smoke, steam etc. directly effect on wires.

Heavy wires are not recommended for this wiring
scheme.
Only suitable for below 250 V.
High risk of fire.

Conduit wiring
Conduit wiring is also divided into Surface Conduit wiring and Conceal conduit wiring.

6|Page
 1. Surface Conduit Wiring
Surface conduit wiring involves conduits that are directly installed along the ceiling or walls of a
building. The electric company makes holes of equal distance along the wall where conduits are
installed. The conduits consist of steel tubes which are held against the wall using hooks
2. Conceal conduit wiring
Concealed conduit electrical wiring systems are a popular choice in domestic premises as they are
aesthetically appealing. They are the most commonly used house electrical wiring system as it
protects the wires from external damage and increases their longevity.
The wires are installed in 4 steps.
Step 1: Laying the electrical conduits in the slab
Step 2: Laying the electrical conduits in the wall
Step 3: Installation of Switch Boards Back Boxes
Step 4: Installation of Distribution Boards
Material Used in Conduit Wiring
Conduit

7|Page
Metallic Conduit
1. Class A conduit: thin layer steel sheet low gauge conduit
2. Class B conduit: thick sheet of steel high gauge conduit
Non-Metallic Conduit
13, 16.2, 18.75, 20, 25, 37, 50 and 63 mm (diameter) PVC conduit.
VIR or PVC insulated cables
Screw
Coupling
Elbow
Rigid off set
hole strap
Lock nut
Procedure of Conduit Wiring
This kind of wiring is not easy to install. On the surface of the wall or ceiling conduit pipes (with
GI wire inside) are attached with help of 2-hole strap and base clip at a regular certain distance.
Next GI wire is used to lay down the wires through the conduit pipe.

Fig.
Advantages of Conduit Wiring
The main advantages are
The safest wiring
Appearance is better
No risk of fire or mechanical wear and tear.

8|Page
No risk of damage of cable insulation
Safe from humidity, smoke, steam etc.
No risk of shock
Long lasting
Disadvantages of Conduit Wiring
The disadvantages of conduit wiring are
Very expensive
Installation is not easy
Not easy to customize for future
Hard to detect the faults.
Concealed Wiring
Material Used in Concealed Wiring
Same materials are used in concealed wiring as conduit wiring.
Procedure of Concealed Wiring
Concealed wiring is properly named as concealed conduit wiring. It is very laborious to install.
The layout of this wiring is done under the plaster of the wall of the building.
Conduit pipes are buried under the plaster of wall with GI wire inside. After, with the help of GI
wires, the main PVC insulated cables are drawn through the conduit.
Advantages of Concealed Wiring
Same as conduit wiring
Disadvantages of Concealed Wiring
Same as conduit wiring.

Fig.

9|Page
 LAB TASK

A. Constract a wiring board and control

1. A bulb with one way switch
2. A bulb with two way switch
3. A two pin socket with one way switch
and write the whole procedure ( with diagrams)

10 | P a g
e
 HOME TASK

Answers to the following Multiple-Choice Questions:

1. The type of wiring depends on

1. Location and consumers budget
2. Durability and cost
3. Safety and appearance
4. All of the above
2. The types of internal wiring used in domestic installations are
1. Cleat wiring
2. CTS / RTS wiring
3. Metal / PVC conduit wiring
4. All the above
3. type of wiring uses insulated cables supported in porcelain cleats
1. Cleat
2. CTS/RTS
3. Metal
4. PVC conduit or PVC capping
4. wiring is recommended only for temporary installations
1. Cleat
2. CTS/RTS
3. Metal
4. PVC conduit or PVC capping
5. ___half of cleat pair is grooved to receive the wire
1. Top
2. Middle
3. Bottom
4. All of these
6. half of the cleat pair is used to hold cable grip
1. Top
2. Middle
3. Bottom
4. All of these

11 | P a g
e
Answers to the following Questions:

1. Difference between inside and outside wall wiring system?

2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of wiring system?
3. What Are the Different Materials Used in wiring system?
4. What is GI wire and why we use it?
5. What is wiring take off sheet?

12 | P a g
e
Summary

13 | P a g
e