Zralek, Bartosz. (2007). A deterministic version of Pollard’s 𝑝-1 algorithm.

Mathematics of Computation. 79. 10.1090/S0025-5718-09-02262-5. In this article we

present applications of smooth numbers to the unconditional derandomization of some
well-known integer factoring algorithms. We begin with Pollard's $p-1$ algorithm,
which finds in random polynomial time the prime divisors $p$ of an integer $n$ such
that $p-1$ is smooth. We show that these prime factors can be recovered in
deterministic polynomial time. We further generalize this result to give a partial
derandomization of the $k$-th cyclotomic method of factoring ($k\ge 2$) devised by
Bach and Shallit. We also investigate reductions of factoring to computing Euler's
totient function $\phi$. We point out some explicit sets of integers $n$ that are
completely factorable in deterministic polynomial time given $\phi(n)$. These sets
consist, roughly speaking, of products of primes $p$ satisfying, with the exception
of at most two, certain conditions somewhat weaker than the smoothness of $p-1$.
Finally, we prove that $O(\ln n)$ oracle queries for values of $\phi$ are
sufficient to completely factor any integer $n$ in less than $\exp\Bigl((1+o(1))(\
ln n)^{{1/3}} (\ln\ln n)^{{2/3}}\Bigr)$ deterministic time. Comment: Expanded and
heavily revised version, to appear in Mathematics of Computation, 21 pages