NARRATIVE TEXT

A. Definition of Narrative Text (Pengertian)

Teks naratif adalah suatu bentuk teks yang lisan atau tertulis yang menceritakan sebuah cerita dari
satu karakter atau lebih yang mengahadapi situasi tertentu yang dibuat dengan tujuan untuk
menghibur para pembaca.

Narrative text atau teks narrative merupakan cerita khayal yang bertujuan untuk menghibur
pembaca. Karena merupakan cerita khayalan, jadi teks ini belum terbukti.

Narrative text adalah hasil dari imajinasi penulis, maupun cerita yang beredar di masyarakat dan
belum terbukti kebenarannya.

In English, a Narrative text is an imaginative story to entertain the reader.

B. Communicative Purpose (Tujuan Komunikasi)

Tujuan dari text ini sudah jelas, yaitu entertain atau menghibur pembaca. tujuan utama dari teks
naratif adalah untuk menghibur pembaca or to entertain/to amuse the readers. Bagi sebagian
kalangan, terutama peserta didik teks naratif dapat berfungsi untuk menghibur dan sekaligus
menumbuhkan pernghargaan terhadap nilai-nilai luhur yang dijunjung tinggi oleh masyarakat di
lingkungannya, seperti kepahlawanan, kesetiaan, kepatuhan dan hormat kepada orangtua,
keterbukaan, kebenaran dan sebagainya.

Berikut beberapa contoh Narrative text, yaitu :

1. Fairytale (dongeng) = cinderella, beauty and the beast, Aladin, Rapunzel, Ariel, Snowwhite,
Aurora, Peterpan, Moana, Tinkerbell, Robin Hood, frozen,, Winnie the Pooh
2. Folktale (cerita rakyat) = Malin Kundang, Timun Mas, Gatot Kaca, Sangkuriang
3. Myth (mitos) = Zeus, Hera, Hercules, Meduza, Krisna, Garuda, Nyi Roro kidul,
4. Fable (Fabel) = Kancil, Bernard, Sh
5. Legend (legenda) =
6. Cartoon Movie = upin ipin, Naruto, BOBOBOY, etc
7. Novel = laskar Pelangi, Ranah 3 Warna, Laut bercerita,

C. Generic Structure

Untuk structure narrative text dibagi menjadi 3, yaitu :

a. Orientation is about the opening paragraph where the characters of the story are introduced.
Di bagian ini para tokoh diperkenalkan, serta waktu dan tempat dari cerita.
b. Complication is where the problems in the story are developed.
Di tahap ini, permasalahan yang terdapat di dalam cerita mulai berkembang.
c. Resolution is where the problem in the story solved.
Disini, masalah yang terjadi dalam cerita dapat diselesaikan entah dengan akhir yang baik maupun
buruk.
Selain ketiga structure di atas, ada juga struktur lain dari narrative text yaitu coda atau re-
orientation. Yang boleh ada, maupun tidak ada dalam story. Berisi tentang pelajaran atau pesan
moral yang dapat diambil dari cerita tersebut.

Coda/ Re- orientation is lesson from the story or moral value.

D. Language Features
Untuk lebih mengenal narrative text, ada satu hal lagi yang perlu kamu ketahui, yaitu language
feature. Language feature atau ciri-ciri kebahasaan yang ada dalam narrative text yaitu :
1. Past tense (example: killed, drunk, etc)
2. Adverb of time (example: once upon a time, one day, etc)
3. Time conjunction (example: when, then, suddenly, etc)
4. Specific character, the character of the story are specific, not general (example: Cinderella, snow
white, etc)
5. Action verb, a verb that show an action (example: killed, dug, walked, etc)
6. Direct speech that used to make the story lively. (example: Snow White said, "My name is snow
white")
E. Contoh Teks
The Rabbit and the Turtle

One day a rabbit was boasting about how fast he could run. He was laughing at the turtle for being
so slow.
Much to the rabbit surprise, the turtle challenged him to a race. The rabbit thought this was a
good joke and accepted the challenge. The fox was to be the umpire of the race. As the race
began, the rabbit ran away ahead of the turtle. Just like everyone thought.
The rabbit got to the hallway point and could not see the turtle anywhere. He felt hot and tired
and decide to stop and take a short nap. All this time the turtle kept walking step by step. He
never quit no matter how hot or tired he got. He just kept going.
However, the rabbit slept longer than he had thought and wake up. He could not see the turtle
anywhere! He ran at full speed to the finish line but found out the turtle there waiting for him.

F. Task (Latihan)
Sura and Baya

A long time ago, there were two animals, Sura and Baya. Sura was the name of a shark and Baya
was a crocodile. They lived in a sea.
Once Sura and Baya were looking for some food. Suddenly, Baya saw a goat.
"Yummy, this is my lunch," said Baya.
"No way! This is my lunch. You are greedy" said Sura. Then they fought for the goat. After several
hours, they were very tired.
Feeling tired of fighting, they lived in the different places. Sura lived in the water and Baya lived in
the land. The border was the beach, so they would never fight again.
One day, Sura went to the land and looked for some food in the river. He was very hungry and there
was not much food in the sea. Baya was very angry when he knew that Sura broke the promise.
They fought again. They both hit each other. Sura bit Baya’s tail. Baya did the same thing to Sura.
He bit very hard until Sura finally gave up and Awent back to the sea. Baya was happy.
SOAL:
1. What is the title(judul) of a narrative text above?
2. How many characters(tokoh) in the story?
3. What is seen Baya? (Apa yang dilihat Baya)
4. Why are they fighting? (Mengapa mereka berkelahi)
5. Anyone who violates the agreement between Sura and Baya? (Siapa yang melanggar
kesepakatan antara Sura dan Baya
6. What lessons can we learn in the story? (Apa pembelajaran yang bisa kita ambil dari
cerita)