1. The stocks of bluefin tuna, the most 4.

According to Alexander Todorov, we

valuable fish in the world, have plummeted to encounter so many faces in our modern world
such paltry levels that many scientists that our shortcuts may not guide us ----.
speculate that the fish could be headed for ----
. A) accurately

A) application B) notoriously

B) extinction C) severely

C) opposition D) peculiarly

D) superiority E) temporarily

E) collaboration

2. Although we now accept drawings as works

of art in their own right, up until recently they
were thought to be preparatory processes –
no matter how ---- and complex they might
be.
A) preliminary
5. In the 1950s, manufacturers met people's
demand for more powerful cars by making the
engine bigger and the rotation speed faster,
but they were not able to predict that it would
---- a worse fuel economy.

B) proper A) turn down

C) intricate B) result in

D) willful C) leave out

E) valuable D) give off

E) fall for

3. There is a possibility that one of the world's

largest flowers, Rafflesia, may become extinct
from the jungle, so scientists are working hard
to ---- its unusual biology.

A) abuse

B) postpone

C) comprehend

D) complain

E) implement
6. For a long time, researchers ---- the 8. ---- the beginning of the 20th century, a
language abilities of parrots, however it seems young German named Albert Einstein shook
that they also have the capacity ---- their skills classical physics and ended the idea of an
to solve problems. absolute time and space ---- proposing his
theory of relativity.
A) studied / to have utilised
A) In / with
B) have studied / to utilise
B) During / through
C) are studying / having been utilised
C) At / by
D) would studied / being utilised
D) For / from
E) had studied / utilising
E) Across / of

7. Even if DNA ---- influence on our moral

character, it is widely believed that we ---- 9. ---- the history of mankind, there have been
products of our social and cultural many important innovations, ---- the first
environment. stone tools that enabled people to hunt
animals to radio telescopes that can see into
A) would have / were deep space.
B) could have / are A) In / under
C) may have / have been B) During / at
D) will have / are to be C) Along / by
E) should have / will have been D) Throughout / from

E) Of / with
10. ---- migrating birds can be likened to 12. Because chameleons are not capable of
human athletes in extreme endurance sports, providing their own body heat, their colour
the best athletes prove to be far superior to gets darker ---- more heat can be received
birds. from the sun, and they can warm themselves.

A) Unless A) since

B) Because B) if

C) Once C) so that

D) Even though D) provided that

E) Given that D) unless

11. As a result of the construction of
hydropower dams, forests become
waterlogged and cannot absorb carbon in
sufficient amounts;----, they release
substantial quantities of greenhouse gases as
they decay.
13. Even though there is sufficient water
available to cover the demands of the world
population, there is a shortage of clean water
---- increased pollution.
A) despite

A) provided that B) due to

B) even if C) instead of

C) rather D) in terms of

D) though E) rather than

E) as long as
14. Lightning sensors detect ---- many fires
caused by lightning strikes ---- even if they
show initial attack crews the exact location of
these strikes, it is not easy to check them all.

A) both / and

B) so / that

C) whether / or

D) neither / nor

E) so / as

15. The DNA from the modern domestic

horses bears great similarities to that of their
ancestors once living on the steppes of
Western Eurasia, the region ---- the Volga and
Don rivers flow from north to south and drain
into the Caspian Sea.

A) which

B) whose

C) where

D) that

E) what
One day in 1952, John W. Hetrick was driving 17.
with his wife and daughter in the front seat
when he had to change his direction suddenly A) of B) under
and brake quickly to avoid an obstacle. (16)---- C) with D) by
, he and his wife put their arms out to protect
their daughter in case of a crash. This event E) against
inspired him to provide automobiles (17)----
airbags to protect people during accidents.
Hetrick had been an engineer in the US Navy
during World War II. He recalled a
compressed-air torpedo accidentally turning 18.
itself on, causing its canvas cover to shoot up
A) similar to
into the air, 'quicker than a blink of an eye'. In
1952, Hetrick proposed using compressed air B) rather than
to inflate airbags rapidly during car crashes.
He received a patent for this invention in C) because of
1953, but car manufacturers in the 1950s
D) on behalf of
were more interested in style (18)---- safety.
Later, consumers became more safety E) as a result of
conscious and airbag technology improved.
The first airbags were optional, but by the
1990s, they (19)----standard. (20) ---- airbags
19.
have saved thousands of lives, they are not
always sufficient to prevent death and injury A) would become
during crashes. Travellers must also wear seat
belts, and automobiles must have dashboards B) were becoming
made of soft materials and steering columns
C) had become
that can absorb energy during impact from car
crashes. D) became

E) have become

16.

A) Unfortunately

B) Instinctively 20.

C) Vaguely A) Since

D) Devastatingly B) When

E) Abundantly C) Only if

D) Although

E) Unless
21. Just as the greatest human chess masters
cannot stand against with artificial
intelligence, ----.
A. soon it might become impossible for human
CEOs to compete with their artificial
intelligence counterparts
B. one major criticism is that traditional
artificial intelligence focuses too much on
intelligence as a process
C. people would have to make decisions about
the elimination of entire categories of human
work in a fully automated world
D. artificial intelligence programs have been
able to succeed in solving problems on
narrowly defined domains
E. the aim of artificial intelligence is not
limited to minor tasks but also to interact with
the outside world
22. ----, it was not until the late 20th century
that telescopes with sufficient power to
resolve surface details were developed.
A. Given that NASA’s Mariner 10 is the first
spacecraft to visit Mercury and photograph it
up close
B. Although Mercury was first observed
through a telescope by Italian scientist Galileo
Galilei in the early 17th century
C. Because Italian astronomer Giovanni
Schiaparelli observed Mercury and created the
most accurate map
D. Since the astronomer Friedrich Bessel
estimated that Mercury spins at the same
speed as Earth
E. While Institute of Radio-engineering
became the first to bounce a radar signal off
Mercury and receive its echo
23. Unless learners are encouraged to
recognise their own cognitive abilities, ----.
A. self-discipline and self-motivation are
among the factors that play a key role in
addressing particular cognitive and linguistic
difficulties
B. motivation shapes the development of
metacognitive thinking processes or what
teachers can do to help learners in this regard
C. they cannot exercise control over their
thinking, including being able to step outside
the boundaries of their own constructed
thoughts
D. scholars suggest that development of
competence and autonomy greatly helps
learners overcome challenges they face during
the learning process
E. self-determination will stimulate them to
take a greater share in small-group tasks as
the teacher fades the interactive support
24. As a growing number of unskilled and
agricultural workers migrate to urban centres,
----.
A. problems such as lack of job opportunities
and educational services force people to
migrate
B. governments are struggling to absorb the
influx into the workforce
C. population growth is fuelled by high fertility
rates among people already living in cities
D. rural poverty prompts many to try city life
and enjoy better living conditions
E. those living in rural areas now have access
to new communication technologies
25. Even though William Hamilton was not the
first person to come up with the idea for a jet
boat, ----.
A) Greek scholar Archimedes had the concept
of a jet boat when he devised his water screw
B) the maneuverability of the jet boat has long
made its design highly marketable
C) he has been credited with revolutionising
the conventional world of boating
D) Italian inventor Secondo Campani had
devised a remarkably similar jet-powered boat
E) he lived in New Zealand, where his boat
was able to power quickly through shallow
waters
26. Mısırlılar, sadece gökyüzünün haritasını
çıkarmakla kalmayıp gözlemledikleri yıldızların
bazılarına isim de veren ilk antik uygarlıklardan
biriydi.
A) The Egyptians were one of the first ancient
cultures to not only map the sky but to name
some of the stars they observed.
B) It was the ancient Egypt culture that both
mapped the sky and named some of the stars
they observed.
C) The culture of ancient Egypt was
sophisticated enough to map the sky and
name some of the stars they observed.
D) Having named some of the stars they
observed, the Egyptians were one of the first
ancient cultures to map the sky.
E) If Egyptians had mapped the sky, they
would have become one of the first ancient
cultures to name some of the stars they
observed.
27. Kuzey Afrika’nın birçok bölümünde, diğer
su kaynaklarına yeterli erişimi olmayan
çiftçiler, sulama için tüketiciler açısından
oldukça yüksek bir sağlık tehlikesi oluşturan
işlemden geçmemiş atık su kullanımına
başvurmaktadır.
A. In most parts of North Africa, where there
is no sufficient access to other water sources,
farmers have resorted to using untreated
wastewater for irrigation, which poses a highly
elevated health risk to consumers.
B. The health of consumers in many parts of
North Africa is highly threatened because of
the untreated wastewater farmers need to
use for irrigation because they do not have
sufficient access to other water sources.
C. In many parts of North Africa, farmers
without sufficient access to other water
sources have resorted to using untreated
wastewater for irrigation, which poses a
significantly elevated health risk to
consumers.
D. In several parts of North Africa, farmers
who do not have sufficient access to other
water sources resort to using untreated
wastewater for irrigation; however, it poses a
highly serious health risk to consumers.
E. Untreated wastewater that farmers have to
use for irrigation in most parts of North Africa,
where there is no sufficient access to other
water sources, threatens the health of
consumers seriously.
28. New Zealand, separated from other land
masses, has unique plant and animal species,
which are vulnerable to the impacts of non-
native species.
A) Eşsiz bitki ve hayvan türlerinin bulunduğu
Yeni Zelanda diğer kara parçalarından ayrıdır,
dolayısıyla bu türler yabancı türlerin etkilerine
karşı savunmasızdır.
B) Yeni Zelanda’nın diğer kara parçalarından
ayrı olması, eşsiz bitki ve hayvan türlerini
yabancı türlerin etkilerine karşı savunmasız
hâle getirmiştir.
C) Yeni Zelanda diğer kara parçalarından
ayrılmış olsa da yabancı türlerin etkilerine
karşı savunmasız hâlde bulunan eşsiz bitki ve
hayvan türlerine sahiptir.
D) Diğer kara parçalarından ayrı olan Yeni
Zelanda, yabancı türlerin etkilerine karşı
savunmasız hâlde bulunan eşsiz bitki ve
hayvan türlerine sahiptir.
E) Yeni Zelanda diğer kara parçalarından ayrı
olduğu için burada bulunan eşsiz bitki ve
hayvan türleri, yabancı türlerin etkilerine karşı
savunmasızdır.
29. Reptiles and insects have no need to sweat
because, unlike mammals, they do not need
to maintain a constant body temperature.
A) Memelilerin sabit bir vücut ısısını korumak
için terlemeye ihtiyaçları vardır fakat
sürüngenler ve böcekler için aynı durum söz
konusu değildir.
B) Sürüngenler ve böcekler terlemeye ihtiyaç
duymaz çünkü memelilerin aksine sabit bir
vücut ısısını korumaları gerekmez.
C) Memelilerin sabit bir vücut ısısını korumak
için terlemeleri gerekmektedir ancak
sürüngenlerin ve böceklerin buna ihtiyacı
yoktur.
D) Sürüngenler ve böcekler, sabit bir vücut
ısısını korumaları gerekmediği için, memeliler
gibi terlemeye ihtiyaç duymazlar.
E) Sürüngenlerin ve böceklerin terlemeye
ihtiyaçları yoktur çünkü memelilerde olduğu
gibi sabit bir vücut ısısını korumaları gerekmez.
30. While some animal species use their keen
sense of smell to locate their prey, others find
their victims through their outstanding
eyesight.
A. Avlarının yerini belirlerken keskin koku
duyularını kullanan bazı hayvan türleri dışında
kurbanlarını üstün görme yetenekleri
sayesinde bulan başka türler de mevcuttur.
B. Bazı hayvan türleri avlarının yerini keskin
koku duyularını kullanarak belirler, bazıları ise
kurbanlarını üstün görme yetenekleri
sayesinde bulur.
C. Avlarının yerini belirlemek için keskin koku
duyularını kullanan bazı hayvan türleri olduğu
gibi kurbanlarını bulmak için üstün görme
yeteneklerini kullanan türler de
bulunmaktadır.
D. Bazı hayvan türleri avlarının yerini
belirlemek için keskin koku duyularını
kullanırken bazıları da kurbanlarını üstün
görme yetenekleri sayesinde bulur.
E. Bazı hayvan türlerinin avlarının yerini
belirlemek için kullandıkları şey keskin koku
duyularıyken bazılarına kurbanlarını bulduran
şey üstün görme yetenekleridir.
31. Cheese, which can be made with different
kinds of milk, from reindeer’s milk in
Scandinavia to buffalo’s milk in Australia,
varies greatly in shape, texture and taste
based on where it is produced.
A. Peynir, İskandinavya’daki ren geyiği
sütünden Avustralya’daki bufalo sütüne kadar
değişik süt çeşitleriyle yapılabilir ve üretildiği
yere göre şekil, doku ve tat bakımından büyük
farklılık gösterir.
B. İskandinavya’daki ren geyiği sütünden
Avustralya’daki bufalo sütüne kadar farklı süt
çeşitleri kullanılarak yapılabilen peynirin
üretildiği yere göre şekil, doku ve tadında
büyük farklılıklar bulunmaktadır.
C. İskandinavya’daki ren geyiği sütünden
Avustralya’daki bufalo sütüne kadar değişik
süt çeşitleriyle yapılabilen peynir, üretildiği
yere bağlı olarak şekil, doku ve tat bakımından
büyük farklılık gösterir.
D. Peynir, İskandinavya’daki ren geyiği
sütünden Avustralya’daki bufalo sütüne kadar
değişik süt çeşitleriyle yapılabildiği için
üretildiği yere bağlı olarak şekil, doku ve tat
bakımından büyük farklılık gösterir.
E. Üretildiği yere bakıldığında şekil, doku ve tat
bakımından büyük farklılık gösteren peynir,
İskandinavya’daki ren geyiği sütünden
Avustralya’daki bufalo sütüne kadar değişik
süt çeşitleriyle yapılabilir.
32. (I) On 27 August 1883, the biggest volcanic
eruption in history blasted apart the
Indonesian island of Krakatoa. (II) On nearby
islands, forests disappeared under 75 metres
of burning ash, while on Krakatoa itself, not a
single plant or animal is thought to have
survived. (III) Compared to animals, plants are
often better at surviving the flames, even
though their leaves may be burned away. (IV)
Fortunately for the earth's wildlife, this kind of
catastrophe is very rare. (V) But every year,
living things have to cope with all sorts of
other hazards.
A. I B. II C. III D. IV E. V
33. (I) Rocks from space regularly rain down
on our planet, but only a few survive the fall.
(II) At Arizona State University’s Center for
Meteorite Studies, some 40,000 meteorite
remnants are stored in a humidity-controlled
facility. (III) Another team of scientists from
MIT try to challenge the efforts made to
preserve these rocks claiming that the budget
can be spent on other scientific discoveries.
(IV) Some of these rocks are extremely toxic;
they have nuclear radiations and special
equipment is required to preserve them. (V)
Scientists try to keep all of these rocks free of
contamination so future generations can
study them for clues to how our solar system
formed, and how we might one day survive in
space.
A. I B. II C. III D. IV E. V
34. (I) In 1960, the Soviet Union chose Mars as
its target for the first interplanetary probes.
(II) Although they failed, these attempts were
just the first of decades of Mars missions. (III)
Since water is integral to life on Earth, the
presence of water on Mars could mean
complex life once existed there too. (IV) Since
then, more ships have been sent to Mars than
any other planet in our Solar System, and
more than half of our total attempts to visit
Mars have failed. (V) Luckily we have learned
a lot from the successful missions to Mars,
and we are striving to learn more about this
inhospitable, but intriguing planet.
A. I B. II C. III D. IV E. V
35. Newton was engaged in two major
scientific controversies. The first was from
1705 to 1712 with Astronomer Royal John
Flamsteed, whose notes Newton conspired to
publish against his wishes. The second was
from 1704 to 1724 with Gottfried Wilhelm von
Leibniz, a German mathematician. Leibniz
claimed he had discovered calculus before
Newton. ---- Leibniz and Johann Bernoulli, who
mastered calculus, sent Newton problems
they believed no one could solve in months,
yet he solved them within hours.
A. Newton also questioned the nature of
gravity but he left the problem till 1685 as his
experiments required more work.
B. However, Newton’s focus was to date
biblical events using his mathematical
calculations.
C. Later, it was proven that Newton
discovered calculus first but did not publish it,
while Leibniz did.
D. After painstaking experiments, Newton
discovered the spectrum which led him to
perfect the reflecting telescope.
E. Hence, Newton’s work was noticed by
scientific luminaries and his theories began to
be taught in universities.
36. There are currently more than 1.5 million
species of animals, plants and microorganisms
known to science. Biologists split up this
teeming diversity of life into categories
depending on each organism’s shape and
appearance and its anatomy using a scheme
referred to as biological taxonomy. Life on
Earth is organised into a hierarchical structure
by a modern classification system using eight
taxonomic ranks. The top rank is known as a
domain, each of which is divided into several
kingdoms, which then split into a number of
phyla. ---- Carl Linnaeus, the Swedish botanist
and zoologist, laid down the foundations of
this system in the early 18th century.
A. Over time, organisms of the same species in
different geographical locations adapt to their
different surroundings.
B. The taxation in biological classification that
lies below class and groups together into
similar biological families is order.
C. In botany, the study of plants and fungi,
phyla are instead known as divisions.
D. In the modern classification scheme, there
are three domains based on the genetic make-
up of the organisms’s cells.
E. These in turn break down into class, then
order, family and finally species.
37. Lithium exists everywhere in the world,
but only in a few places in such concentrations
that it is profitable to extract it. Bolivia has the
most considerable reserves, almost 25% of the
world’s total known lithium resources of 39
million tonnes. ---- So far, only a few people
can afford pure electric cars, but it will be a
problem when everybody wants an electric
vehicle: their batteries consume about 13,000
times more lithium than a smartphone. So,
scientists are looking to the oceans. To date,
the extraction of lithium from the oceans has
been uneconomic, as the concentration is too
low. Recently, Japanese scientists have
introduced a method that will make lithium
from ocean water profitable.
A. Battery-powered electronics such as
laptops and smartphones have become the
standard equipment of all people in the world.
B. To scientists, it has been a mystery, how the
miracle metal ended up on our planet in the
first place.
C. Several experts worry that the increasing
popularity of electric cars will deplete Earth’s
lithium reserves in record time.
D. And just like in the case of oil, there is a
competition among countries to obtain new
reserves of lithium.
E. The metal, which is primarily produced as a
white powder known as lithium carbonate,
has been nicknamed ‘white oil’.
Mammals have spread successfully over the 39. Which of the following is true about the
entire world, and have even conquered biology of mammals according to the passage?
extreme habitats such as deserts and the
Arctic. In spite of all external diversities, they A) Monotremes are a type of mammal which
have numerous characteristics in common. give birth to live young.
Mammals are the most highly developed B) The structure of the mammal heart helps
vertebrate animals. Their constant body blend oxygen-rich and oxygen-deficient blood.
temperature grants them a life largely
independent of temperatures of the C) The hearts of mammals are unique in terms
surrounding areas. They achieve constant of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide.
body temperature by a high food intake ─ in
D) Long respiration is a characteristic limited
comparison to reptiles, for example ─ and an
to certain types of mammals.
increased rate of metabolism. Long
respiration, typical of mammals, supplies the E) The foetus inside a female is able to survive
body cells efficiently with oxygen. The heart thanks to the placenta and umbilical cord.
consists of two atria and two ventricles, which
are completely separated from each other.
This prevents the mixing of oxygen-rich and
oxygen-deficient blood. All mammals, except
for the egg-laying monotremes, give birth to
live young. During pregnancy, the foetus is
linked to the circulatory system of the female 40. What is the passage mainly about?
and is supplied with nutrients via the placenta
A) Mammal diversity on the planet
and umbilical cord. The exchange of oxygen
and carbon dioxide also takes place using this B) Distribution of mammals in the world
route.
C) Common features of mammals
38. Which of the following is true about
mammals? D) Differences between mammals and reptiles

A) As a result of their adaptation to living in E) Reproduction differences in mammals

different habitats around the world, their
physical appearances have become varied.

B) Compared to reptiles, mammals consume a

much higher amount of food in order to
maintain their body temperatures.

C) Thanks to their oxygen-rich blood, they are

able to nurture their offspring.

D) Their increased rate of metabolism has

helped them to be highly sophisticated
animals.

E) They share several similarities with reptiles

in terms of nutrition and food intake.
MİNİ DENEME FEN CEVAP ANAHTARI

1. B
2. C
3. C
4. A
5. B
6. B
7. B
8. C
9. D
10. D
11. C
12. C
13. B
14. B
15. C
16. B
17. C
18. B
19. C
20. D
21. A
22. B
23. C
24. B
25. C
26. A
27. C
28. D
29. B
30. D
31. C
32. C
33. C
34. C
35. C
36. E
37. C
38. B
39. E
40. C