1.

Accelerator pump- A small pump usually located inside the carburetor that sprays an extra
amount of fuel into the carburetor air horn during acceleration.
2. accelerator pump circuit - The carburetor circuit involved with heavy acceleration,
directly connected to the accelerator pump also used to prime the engine during cold start.
3. Air supply system- Equipment in a motor vehicle that delivers air to the engine.
4. catalyst heating mode An operating mode in GDI systems where fuel is injected near
the top of the compression stroke, the fuel is ignited, and then an additional amount of fuel is
injected during the power stroke to create heat later in the cycle so that the catalytic convert can
be warmed up faster.
5. charcoal canister - A device used to trap the fuel vapors. The fuel vapors adhere to the
charcoal until the engine is started, and engine vacuum can be used to draw (purge) the vapors
into the engine so that they can be burned along with the air-fuel mixture.
6. choke - A device that provides a rich air-fuel mixture until the engine warms up, by
restricting the flow of air at the entrance to the carburetor, before the venturi.
7. computer-controlled carburetor A carburetor that changes and sets air-fuel ratio
based on commands from a PCM that uses memory and input from sensors.
8. detonation The condition in which the remaining fuel charge fires or burns too rapidly
after the initial combustion of the air-fuel mixture. It is audible through the combustion chamber
walls as a knocking noise.
9. dieseling A condition in which the engine continues to run after the ignition key is
turned off. Also referred to as run-on
10. electronic fuel injection (EFI) An injection system in which fuel delivery is controlled
electronically, allowing continuous adjustments to the air-fuel ratio.
11. element- The replaceable portion of a filter, such as an air filter element or oil filter
element.
12. filter sock- The first line of defense in the fuel supply system the sock typically
consists of a fine mesh, which prevents most small particles from being drawn into the fuel
pump and sent through the rest of the fuel system.
13. float chamber- A chamber that holds a quantity of fuel at atmospheric pressure,
ready for use.
14. fuel filler neck - The upper end of the fuel filler tube leading down to the fuel tank,
which accepts the fuel hose nozzle at the gas station pump.
15. fuel filter -A device that removes impurities (dirt and water) from the fuel before they
reach the carburetor or injection systemFilters may be made of metal or plastic screen, paper, or
gauze.
16. fuel metering system - Equipment in a motor vehicle that delivers the proper amount
of fuel to each cylinder. fuel pressure regulator A system that controls the pressure of fuel
entering the injectors.
17. fuel pump - A mechanically or electrically driven vacuum device used to draw fuel
from the tank and force it into the fuel system. fuel pump relay A relay to turn on or off the
high-amperage circuit of the fuel pump.
 18. fuel rail - Tubing that connects several injectors to the main fuel line.
19. fuel supply system - Equipment in a motor vehicle that delivers fuel to the engine.
20. fuel system - Equipment in a motor vehicle that delivers fuel to the engine.
21. full power mode - An operating condition in a GDI fuel system where the fuel is
injected on the intake stroke in a slightly rich condition and allowed to fully mix with the air in
the cylinder this creates maximum power and reduces detonation.
22. gasoline - A volatile, flammable liquid mixture of hydrocarbons, obtained from crude
oil and used as fuel for internal combustion engines.
23. gasoline direct injection (GDI) - A fuel injection system in which fuel is sprayed
directly into the combustion chamber.
24. gauge sending unit- A device used for transmitting a signal to control a fuel gauge.
25. homogenous mixture - An air-fuel mixture evenly dispersed throughout the
combustion chamber.
26. idle - The speed at which an engine runs without any throttle applied.
27. indirect fuel injection - Any fuel injection that is not sprayed directly into the
combustion chamber.
28. injector - A valve that is controlled by a solenoid or spring pressure to inject fuel into
the engine.
29. knocking- A noise heard when the air-fuel mixture spontaneously ignites before the
spark plug is fired at the optimum ignition moment.
30. metering jet- A calibrated orifice in a carburetor for fuel to flow through. Often it is
replaceable for performance or economy desires.
31. misfire - Failure of one or more cylinders to fire or complete combustion.
32. multipoint fuel injection (MPFI) - An injection system in which fuel is injected into the
intake ports just upstream of each cylinder's intake valve, rather than at a central point within an
intake manifold. Also called multiport injection.
33. octane rating - A standard measure of the performance of a motor or aviation fuel.
The higher the octane number, the more heat the fuel can withstand before self-igniting.
34. pressure - The force per unit area applied to the surface of an object.
35. relay- A magnetically operated switch used to make or break current flow in a circuit.
36. returnless fuel injection system - A type of injection system in which no hot fuel is
returned to the tank, thus keeping the fuel in the tank relatively cool and minimizing
vaporization.
37. sending unit - The component in the fuel supply system responsible for sending
constant electrical signals to the gas gauge located in the driver information center.
38. stoichiometric ratio - The optimum ratio of air to fuel for combustion —14.7 parts air
to 1 part fuel by weight.
39. stratified charge - A layering of the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber. Used
when the fuel injector places fuel near the spark plug, but not the surrounding space.
40. throttle - A device used to produce acceleration by controlling the air-fuel mixture.
41. throttle body injection (TBI) - A fuel injection system that uses one or more fuel
injectors mounted above or in the throttle body itself. Also called single-point injection.
42. vacuum - A pressure in an enclosed area that is lower than atmospheric pressure.
43. vapor lock - A situation in which vapor forms in the fuel line, and the bubbles of
vapor block the flow of fuel and stop the engine.
44. venturi - A restriction (narrowed area in the air horn.