[Frontiers In Bioscience, Landmark, 24, 380-406, Jan 1, 2019]

State-of-the-art review on deep learning in medical imaging

Mainak Biswas1, Venkatanareshbabu Kuppili1, Luca Saba2, Damodar Reddy Edla1, Harman S. Suri3,
Elisa Cuadrado-Godia4, John R. Laird5, Rui Tato Marinhoe6, João M. Sanches7, Andrew Nicolaides8,
Jasjit S. Suri9,10

1
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Goa, India,
­ Department of Radiology, A.O.U., Italy, 3Brown University, Providence, RI, USA, 4IMIM, Hospital
2

del Mar, Barcelona, Spain, 5Dept. of Cardiology, St. Helena Hospitals, St. Helena, CA, USA, ­6Liver
Unit, D ­ epartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital de Santa Maria, Medical School of
­Lisbon, Lisbon 1629-049, Portugal, 7ISR, Instituto Superior Tecnico (IST), Lisboa, 8Department of
­Biological ­Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus, 9Stroke Monitoring and Diagnostic Division,
­AtheroPoint™, Roseville, California, USA, 10Advanced Knowledge Engineering Center, Global Biomedical
Technologies, Inc., Roseville, CA, USA.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Abstract
2. Introduction
3. Deep learning architectures
3.1. Deep belief networks
3.2. Autoencoder
3.3. Convolution neural networks
3.3.1. A short note on fully convolution network
3.4. Deep residual network
4. DL-based medical imaging systems
4.1. Cardiovascular application
4.1.1. Tracking the left ventricle endocardium in US data
4.1.2. Fully automatic segmentation of the left ventricle in cardiac MRI
4.1.3. Volumetric left ventricle image parsing
4.1.4. Vessel extraction in X-Ray angiograms
4.1.5. Plaque characterization
4.2. Neurology application
4.2.1. Brain lesion segmentation
4.2.2. Brain tumor segmentation
4.3. Mammography application
4.3.1. Mitosis detection in breast cancer
4.3.2. Digital mammographic tumor classification
4.4. Microscopy application
4.4.1. Quantitative analysis of individual cells in live-cell imaging experiment
4.4.2. Classifying and segmenting microscopy images
4.5. Dermatology application
4.5.1. Melanoma recognition in dermoscopy images
4.6. Gastroenterology application
4.6.1. Segmentation of liver tumor
4.7. Pulmonary application
4.7.1. Characterization of lung disease
5. Discussion
5.1. Graphics Processioning Unit
5.2. Software Frameworks for DL

380