Example 13.8. The system load of Fig. 13.

11 is to be supplied by combinations of
the four generating units of Table 1 3.5. Treating Units 1 and 3 as must-run units,
determine the power supplied by the generators of each combination and the
corresponding production cost in economically loading the units,Assuming the start-up

cost of each thermal generating unit is $3000.

and the shut-down cost is $1500, determine the optimal unit commitment policy
for the four thermal units of Example 13.8 to serve the system load of Fig. 1 3. 1 1.
Only the must-run Units 1 and 3 are to operate at the first and final stages of the
load cycle.

—-----------------------------------------—
at pd=1100

x1

at=(1/a1)*1+(1/a2)*1+(1/a3)*1+(1/a4)*1
at=(1/0.008)*1+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.011)*1=0.002
bt=(b1/a1)*1+(b2/a2)*1+(b3/a3)*1+(b4/a4)*1
bt=(8.000/0.008)*1+(6.400/0.010)*1+(7.900/0.010)*1+(7.500/
0.011)*1=3138.485
h1=at^(-1)*(pd+bt)
h1=0.002*(1100+3138.485)=10.090

g1=((h1-b1)/a1)*1
g1=((10.090-8.000)/0.008)*1=261.226
g2=((h1-b2)/a2)*1
g2=((10.090-6.400)/0.010)*1=384.355
g3=((h1-b3)/a3)*1
g3=((10.090-7.900)/0.010)*1=218.981
g4=((h1-b4)/a4)*1
g4=((10.090-7.500)/0.011)*1=235.437

f1=((a1*g1^(2))/2+b1*g1+c1)*1
f1=((0.008*261.226*261.226)/
2+8.000*261.226+500.000)*1=2862
f2=((a2*g2^(2))/2+b2*g2+c2)*1
f2=((0.010*384.355*384.355)/
2+6.400*384.355+400.000)*1=3568
f3=((a3*g3^(2))/2+b3*g3+c3)*1
f3=((0.010*218.981*218.981)/
2+7.900*218.981+600.000)*1=2569
f4=((a4*g4^(2))/2+b4*g4+c4)*1
f4=((0.011*235.437*235.437)/
2+7.500*235.437+400.000)*1=2470

ft=4*(f1+f2+f3+f4)
ft=4*(2862+3568+2569+2470)=45876
_________________________________

at pd=1100

x2

at=(1/a1)*1+(1/a2)*1+(1/a3)*1+(1/a4)*0
at=(1/0.008)*1+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.011)*0=0.003
bt=(b1/a1)*1+(b2/a2)*1+(b3/a3)*1+(b4/a4)*0
bt=(8.000/0.008)*1+(6.400/0.010)*1+(7.900/0.010)*1+(7.500/
0.011)*0=2456.667
h2=at^(-1)*(pd+bt)
h2=0.003*(1100+2456.667)=10.805

g1=((h2-b1)/a1)*1
g1=((10.805-8.000)/0.008)*1=350.633
g2=((h2-b2)/a2)*1
g2=((10.805-6.400)/0.010)*1=458.861
g3=((h2-b3)/a3)*1
g3=((10.805-7.900)/0.010)*1=290.506
g4=((h2-b4)/a4)*0
g4=((10.805-7.500)/0.011)*0=0.000
f1=((a1*g1^(2))/2+b1*g1+c1)*1
f1=((0.008*350.633*350.633)/
2+8.000*350.633+500.000)*1=3796
f2=((a2*g2^(2))/2+b2*g2+c2)*1
f2=((0.010*458.861*458.861)/
2+6.400*458.861+400.000)*1=4347
f3=((a3*g3^(2))/2+b3*g3+c3)*1
f3=((0.010*290.506*290.506)/
2+7.900*290.506+600.000)*1=3316
f4=((a4*g4^(2))/2+b4*g4+c4)*0
f4=((0.011*0.000*0.000)/2+7.500*0.000+400.000)*0=0

ft=4*(f1+f2+f3+f4)
ft=4*(3796+4347+3316+0)=45836

_________________________________

at pd=1100

x4
at=(1/a1)*1+(1/a2)*0+(1/a3)*1+(1/a4)*1
at=(1/0.008)*1+(1/0.010)*0+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.011)*1=0.003
bt=(b1/a1)*1+(b2/a2)*0+(b3/a3)*1+(b4/a4)*1
bt=(8.000/0.008)*1+(6.400/0.010)*0+(7.900/0.010)*1+(7.500/
0.011)*1=2471.818
h4=at^(-1)*(pd+bt)
h4=0.003*(1100+2471.818)=11.306

g1=((h4-b1)/a1)*1
g1=((11.306-8.000)/0.008)*1=413.309
g2=((h4-b2)/a2)*0
g2=((11.306-6.400)/0.010)*0=0.000
g3=((h4-b3)/a3)*1
g3=((11.306-7.900)/0.010)*1=340.647
g4=((h4-b4)/a4)*1
g4=((11.306-7.500)/0.011)*1=346.043

f1=((a1*g1^(2))/2+b1*g1+c1)*1
f1=((0.008*413.309*413.309)/
2+8.000*413.309+500.000)*1=4489
f2=((a2*g2^(2))/2+b2*g2+c2)*0
f2=((0.010*0.000*0.000)/2+6.400*0.000+400.000)*0=0
f3=((a3*g3^(2))/2+b3*g3+c3)*1
f3=((0.010*340.647*340.647)/
2+7.900*340.647+600.000)*1=3871
f4=((a4*g4^(2))/2+b4*g4+c4)*1
f4=((0.011*346.043*346.043)/
2+7.500*346.043+400.000)*1=3653

ft=4*(f1+f2+f3+f4)
ft=4*(4489+0+3871+3653)=48052

_________________________________

at pd=1100

x10

at=(1/a1)*1+(1/a2)*0+(1/a3)*1+(1/a4)*0
at=(1/0.008)*1+(1/0.010)*0+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.011)*0=0.004
bt=(b1/a1)*1+(b2/a2)*0+(b3/a3)*1+(b4/a4)*0
bt=(8.000/0.008)*1+(6.400/0.010)*0+(7.900/0.010)*1+(7.500/
0.011)*0=1790.000
h10=at^(-1)*(pd+bt)
h10=0.004*(1100+1790.000)=12.844

g1=((h10-b1)/a1)*1
g1=((12.844-8.000)/0.008)*1=605.556
g2=((h10-b2)/a2)*0
g2=((12.844-6.400)/0.010)*0=0.000
g3=((h10-b3)/a3)*1
g3=((12.844-7.900)/0.010)*1=494.445
g4=((h10-b4)/a4)*0
g4=((12.844-7.500)/0.011)*0=0.000

f1=((a1*g1^(2))/2+b1*g1+c1)*1
f1=((0.008*605.556*605.556)/
2+8.000*605.556+500.000)*1=6811
f2=((a2*g2^(2))/2+b2*g2+c2)*0
f2=((0.010*0.000*0.000)/2+6.400*0.000+400.000)*0=0
f3=((a3*g3^(2))/2+b3*g3+c3)*1
f3=((0.010*494.445*494.445)/
2+7.900*494.445+600.000)*1=5728
f4=((a4*g4^(2))/2+b4*g4+c4)*0
f4=((0.011*0.000*0.000)/2+7.500*0.000+400.000)*0=0
ft=4*(f1+f2+f3+f4)
ft=4*(6811+0+5728+0)=50156

_________________________________

—-----------------------------------------—
at pd=1400

x1

at=(1/a1)*1+(1/a2)*1+(1/a3)*1+(1/a4)*1
at=(1/0.008)*1+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.011)*1=0.002
bt=(b1/a1)*1+(b2/a2)*1+(b3/a3)*1+(b4/a4)*1
bt=(8.000/0.008)*1+(6.400/0.010)*1+(7.900/0.010)*1+(7.500/
0.011)*1=3138.485
h1=at^(-1)*(pd+bt)
h1=0.002*(1400+3138.485)=10.804

g1=((h1-b1)/a1)*1
g1=((10.804-8.000)/0.008)*1=350.496
g2=((h1-b2)/a2)*1
g2=((10.804-6.400)/0.010)*1=458.747
g3=((h1-b3)/a3)*1
g3=((10.804-7.900)/0.010)*1=290.397
g4=((h1-b4)/a4)*1
g4=((10.804-7.500)/0.011)*1=300.361

f1=((a1*g1^(2))/2+b1*g1+c1)*1
f1=((0.008*350.496*350.496)/
2+8.000*350.496+500.000)*1=3795
f2=((a2*g2^(2))/2+b2*g2+c2)*1
f2=((0.010*458.747*458.747)/
2+6.400*458.747+400.000)*1=4346
f3=((a3*g3^(2))/2+b3*g3+c3)*1
f3=((0.010*290.397*290.397)/
2+7.900*290.397+600.000)*1=3315
f4=((a4*g4^(2))/2+b4*g4+c4)*1
f4=((0.011*300.361*300.361)/
2+7.500*300.361+400.000)*1=3148

ft=4*(f1+f2+f3+f4)
ft=4*(3795+4346+3315+3148)=58416

_________________________________
at pd=1400

x2

at=(1/a1)*1+(1/a2)*1+(1/a3)*1+(1/a4)*0
at=(1/0.008)*1+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.011)*0=0.003
bt=(b1/a1)*1+(b2/a2)*1+(b3/a3)*1+(b4/a4)*0
bt=(8.000/0.008)*1+(6.400/0.010)*1+(7.900/0.010)*1+(7.500/
0.011)*0=2456.667
h2=at^(-1)*(pd+bt)
h2=0.003*(1400+2456.667)=11.716

g1=((h2-b1)/a1)*1
g1=((11.716-8.000)/0.008)*1=464.557
g2=((h2-b2)/a2)*1
g2=((11.716-6.400)/0.010)*1=553.797
g3=((h2-b3)/a3)*1
g3=((11.716-7.900)/0.010)*1=381.646
g4=((h2-b4)/a4)*0
g4=((11.716-7.500)/0.011)*0=0.000
f1=((a1*g1^(2))/2+b1*g1+c1)*1
f1=((0.008*464.557*464.557)/
2+8.000*464.557+500.000)*1=5079
f2=((a2*g2^(2))/2+b2*g2+c2)*1
f2=((0.010*553.797*553.797)/
2+6.400*553.797+400.000)*1=5416
f3=((a3*g3^(2))/2+b3*g3+c3)*1
f3=((0.010*381.646*381.646)/
2+7.900*381.646+600.000)*1=4343
f4=((a4*g4^(2))/2+b4*g4+c4)*0
f4=((0.011*0.000*0.000)/2+7.500*0.000+400.000)*0=0

ft=4*(f1+f2+f3+f4)
ft=4*(5079+5416+4343+0)=59352

_________________________________

at pd=1400

x4

at=(1/a1)*1+(1/a2)*0+(1/a3)*1+(1/a4)*1
at=(1/0.008)*1+(1/0.010)*0+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.011)*1=0.003
bt=(b1/a1)*1+(b2/a2)*0+(b3/a3)*1+(b4/a4)*1
bt=(8.000/0.008)*1+(6.400/0.010)*0+(7.900/0.010)*1+(7.500/
0.011)*1=2471.818
h4=at^(-1)*(pd+bt)
h4=0.003*(1400+2471.818)=12.256

g1=((h4-b1)/a1)*1
g1=((12.256-8.000)/0.008)*1=532.014
g2=((h4-b2)/a2)*0
g2=((12.256-6.400)/0.010)*0=0.000
g3=((h4-b3)/a3)*1
g3=((12.256-7.900)/0.010)*1=435.612
g4=((h4-b4)/a4)*1
g4=((12.256-7.500)/0.011)*1=432.374

f1=((a1*g1^(2))/2+b1*g1+c1)*1
f1=((0.008*532.014*532.014)/
2+8.000*532.014+500.000)*1=5888
f2=((a2*g2^(2))/2+b2*g2+c2)*0
f2=((0.010*0.000*0.000)/2+6.400*0.000+400.000)*0=0
f3=((a3*g3^(2))/2+b3*g3+c3)*1
f3=((0.010*435.612*435.612)/
2+7.900*435.612+600.000)*1=4990
f4=((a4*g4^(2))/2+b4*g4+c4)*1
f4=((0.011*432.374*432.374)/
2+7.500*432.374+400.000)*1=4671

ft=4*(f1+f2+f3+f4)
ft=4*(5888+0+4990+4671)=62196

_________________________________

_________________________________

—-----------------------------------------—
at pd=1600

x1

at=(1/a1)*1+(1/a2)*1+(1/a3)*1+(1/a4)*1
at=(1/0.008)*1+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.011)*1=0.002
bt=(b1/a1)*1+(b2/a2)*1+(b3/a3)*1+(b4/a4)*1
bt=(8.000/0.008)*1+(6.400/0.010)*1+(7.900/0.010)*1+(7.500/
0.011)*1=3138.485
h1=at^(-1)*(pd+bt)
h1=0.002*(1600+3138.485)=11.280

g1=((h1-b1)/a1)*1
g1=((11.280-8.000)/0.008)*1=410.009
g2=((h1-b2)/a2)*1
g2=((11.280-6.400)/0.010)*1=508.341
g3=((h1-b3)/a3)*1
g3=((11.280-7.900)/0.010)*1=338.007
g4=((h1-b4)/a4)*1
g4=((11.280-7.500)/0.011)*1=343.643

f1=((a1*g1^(2))/2+b1*g1+c1)*1
f1=((0.008*410.009*410.009)/
2+8.000*410.009+500.000)*1=4452
f2=((a2*g2^(2))/2+b2*g2+c2)*1
f2=((0.010*508.341*508.341)/
2+6.400*508.341+400.000)*1=4893
f3=((a3*g3^(2))/2+b3*g3+c3)*1
f3=((0.010*338.007*338.007)/
2+7.900*338.007+600.000)*1=3841
f4=((a4*g4^(2))/2+b4*g4+c4)*1
f4=((0.011*343.643*343.643)/
2+7.500*343.643+400.000)*1=3626

ft=4*(f1+f2+f3+f4)
ft=4*(4452+4893+3841+3626)=67248

_________________________________

at pd=1600

x2

at=(1/a1)*1+(1/a2)*1+(1/a3)*1+(1/a4)*0
at=(1/0.008)*1+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.011)*0=0.003
bt=(b1/a1)*1+(b2/a2)*1+(b3/a3)*1+(b4/a4)*0
bt=(8.000/0.008)*1+(6.400/0.010)*1+(7.900/0.010)*1+(7.500/
0.011)*0=2456.667
h2=at^(-1)*(pd+bt)
h2=0.003*(1600+2456.667)=12.324

g1=((h2-b1)/a1)*1
g1=((12.324-8.000)/0.008)*1=540.506
g2=((h2-b2)/a2)*1
g2=((12.324-6.400)/0.010)*1=617.089
g3=((h2-b3)/a3)*1
g3=((12.324-7.900)/0.010)*1=442.405
g4=((h2-b4)/a4)*0
g4=((12.324-7.500)/0.011)*0=0.000

f1=((a1*g1^(2))/2+b1*g1+c1)*1
f1=((0.008*540.506*540.506)/
2+8.000*540.506+500.000)*1=5992
f2=((a2*g2^(2))/2+b2*g2+c2)*1
f2=((0.010*617.089*617.089)/
2+6.400*617.089+400.000)*1=6177
f3=((a3*g3^(2))/2+b3*g3+c3)*1
f3=((0.010*442.405*442.405)/
2+7.900*442.405+600.000)*1=5073
f4=((a4*g4^(2))/2+b4*g4+c4)*0
f4=((0.011*0.000*0.000)/2+7.500*0.000+400.000)*0=0

ft=4*(f1+f2+f3+f4)
ft=4*(5992+6177+5073+0)=68968
_________________________________

at pd=1600

x4

at=(1/a1)*1+(1/a2)*0+(1/a3)*1+(1/a4)*1
at=(1/0.008)*1+(1/0.010)*0+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.011)*1=0.003
bt=(b1/a1)*1+(b2/a2)*0+(b3/a3)*1+(b4/a4)*1
bt=(8.000/0.008)*1+(6.400/0.010)*0+(7.900/0.010)*1+(7.500/
0.011)*1=2471.818
h4=at^(-1)*(pd+bt)
h4=0.003*(1600+2471.818)=12.889

g1=((h4-b1)/a1)*1
g1=((12.889-8.000)/0.008)*1=611.151
g2=((h4-b2)/a2)*0
g2=((12.889-6.400)/0.010)*0=0.000
g3=((h4-b3)/a3)*1
g3=((12.889-7.900)/0.010)*1=498.921
g4=((h4-b4)/a4)*1
g4=((12.889-7.500)/0.011)*1=489.928

f1=((a1*g1^(2))/2+b1*g1+c1)*1
f1=((0.008*611.151*611.151)/
2+8.000*611.151+500.000)*1=6883
f2=((a2*g2^(2))/2+b2*g2+c2)*0
f2=((0.010*0.000*0.000)/2+6.400*0.000+400.000)*0=0
f3=((a3*g3^(2))/2+b3*g3+c3)*1
f3=((0.010*498.921*498.921)/
2+7.900*498.921+600.000)*1=5786
f4=((a4*g4^(2))/2+b4*g4+c4)*1
f4=((0.011*489.928*489.928)/
2+7.500*489.928+400.000)*1=5394

ft=4*(f1+f2+f3+f4)
ft=4*(6883+0+5786+5394)=72252

_________________________________

_________________________________

—-----------------------------------------—
at pd=1800

x1

at=(1/a1)*1+(1/a2)*1+(1/a3)*1+(1/a4)*1
at=(1/0.008)*1+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.011)*1=0.002
bt=(b1/a1)*1+(b2/a2)*1+(b3/a3)*1+(b4/a4)*1
bt=(8.000/0.008)*1+(6.400/0.010)*1+(7.900/0.010)*1+(7.500/
0.011)*1=3138.485
h1=at^(-1)*(pd+bt)
h1=0.002*(1800+3138.485)=11.756

g1=((h1-b1)/a1)*1
g1=((11.756-8.000)/0.008)*1=469.522
g2=((h1-b2)/a2)*1
g2=((11.756-6.400)/0.010)*1=557.935
g3=((h1-b3)/a3)*1
g3=((11.756-7.900)/0.010)*1=385.618
g4=((h1-b4)/a4)*1
g4=((11.756-7.500)/0.011)*1=386.925

f1=((a1*g1^(2))/2+b1*g1+c1)*1
f1=((0.008*469.522*469.522)/
2+8.000*469.522+500.000)*1=5137
f2=((a2*g2^(2))/2+b2*g2+c2)*1
f2=((0.010*557.935*557.935)/
2+6.400*557.935+400.000)*1=5464
f3=((a3*g3^(2))/2+b3*g3+c3)*1
f3=((0.010*385.618*385.618)/
2+7.900*385.618+600.000)*1=4389
f4=((a4*g4^(2))/2+b4*g4+c4)*1
f4=((0.011*386.925*386.925)/
2+7.500*386.925+400.000)*1=4125

ft=4*(f1+f2+f3+f4)
ft=4*(5137+5464+4389+4125)=76460

_________________________________

at pd=1800

x2

at=(1/a1)*1+(1/a2)*1+(1/a3)*1+(1/a4)*0
at=(1/0.008)*1+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.011)*0=0.003
bt=(b1/a1)*1+(b2/a2)*1+(b3/a3)*1+(b4/a4)*0
bt=(8.000/0.008)*1+(6.400/0.010)*1+(7.900/0.010)*1+(7.500/
0.011)*0=2456.667
h2=at^(-1)*(pd+bt)
h2=0.003*(1800+2456.667)=12.932

g1=((h2-b1)/a1)*1
g1=((12.932-8.000)/0.008)*1=616.456
g2=((h2-b2)/a2)*1
g2=((12.932-6.400)/0.010)*1=680.380
g3=((h2-b3)/a3)*1
g3=((12.932-7.900)/0.010)*1=503.165
g4=((h2-b4)/a4)*0
g4=((12.932-7.500)/0.011)*0=0.000

generation 2 is out of rated we fixed g2=625 and recalculation h

with other genrator
at=(1/a1)*1+(1/a3)*1+(1/a4)*0
at=(1/0.008)*1+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.011)*0=0.004
bt=(b1/a1)*1+(b3/a3)*1+(b4/a4)*0
bt=(8.000/0.008)*1+(7.900/0.010)*1+(7.500/0.011)*0=1790.00
0
h2=at^(-1)*(pd+bt)
h2=0.004*(1800-625+1790.000)=13.178

g1=((h2-b1)/a1)*1
g1=((13.178-8.000)/0.008)*1=647.222
g2=625
g3=((h2-b3)/a3)*1
g3=((13.178-7.900)/0.010)*1=527.778
g4=((h2-b4)/a4)*0
g4=((13.178-7.500)/0.011)*0=0.000

generator 1 is out of limit so we fiexed g1=625 the rest of

power in g3=550
g1=625 g2=625 g=625
f1=((a1*g1^(2))/2+b1*g1+c1)*1
f1=((0.008*625.000*625.000)/
2+8.000*625.000+500.000)*1=7062
f2=((a2*g2^(2))/2+b2*g2+c2)*1
f2=((0.010*625.000*625.000)/
2+6.400*625.000+400.000)*1=6275
f3=((a3*g3^(2))/2+b3*g3+c3)*1
f3=((0.010*550.000*550.000)/
2+7.900*550.000+600.000)*1=6457
_________________________________

_________________________________

_________________________________

—-----------------------------------------—
at pd=1400

x1

at=(1/a1)*1+(1/a2)*1+(1/a3)*1+(1/a4)*1
at=(1/0.008)*1+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.011)*1=0.002
bt=(b1/a1)*1+(b2/a2)*1+(b3/a3)*1+(b4/a4)*1
bt=(8.000/0.008)*1+(6.400/0.010)*1+(7.900/0.010)*1+(7.500/
0.011)*1=3138.485
h1=at^(-1)*(pd+bt)
h1=0.002*(1400+3138.485)=10.804

g1=((h1-b1)/a1)*1
g1=((10.804-8.000)/0.008)*1=350.496
g2=((h1-b2)/a2)*1
g2=((10.804-6.400)/0.010)*1=458.747
g3=((h1-b3)/a3)*1
g3=((10.804-7.900)/0.010)*1=290.397
g4=((h1-b4)/a4)*1
g4=((10.804-7.500)/0.011)*1=300.361

f1=((a1*g1^(2))/2+b1*g1+c1)*1
f1=((0.008*350.496*350.496)/
2+8.000*350.496+500.000)*1=3795
f2=((a2*g2^(2))/2+b2*g2+c2)*1
f2=((0.010*458.747*458.747)/
2+6.400*458.747+400.000)*1=4346
f3=((a3*g3^(2))/2+b3*g3+c3)*1
f3=((0.010*290.397*290.397)/
2+7.900*290.397+600.000)*1=3315
f4=((a4*g4^(2))/2+b4*g4+c4)*1
f4=((0.011*300.361*300.361)/
2+7.500*300.361+400.000)*1=3148

ft=4*(f1+f2+f3+f4)
ft=4*(3795+4346+3315+3148)=58416

_________________________________

at pd=1400

x2

at=(1/a1)*1+(1/a2)*1+(1/a3)*1+(1/a4)*0
at=(1/0.008)*1+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.011)*0=0.003
bt=(b1/a1)*1+(b2/a2)*1+(b3/a3)*1+(b4/a4)*0
bt=(8.000/0.008)*1+(6.400/0.010)*1+(7.900/0.010)*1+(7.500/
0.011)*0=2456.667
h2=at^(-1)*(pd+bt)
h2=0.003*(1400+2456.667)=11.716

g1=((h2-b1)/a1)*1
g1=((11.716-8.000)/0.008)*1=464.557
g2=((h2-b2)/a2)*1
g2=((11.716-6.400)/0.010)*1=553.797
g3=((h2-b3)/a3)*1
g3=((11.716-7.900)/0.010)*1=381.646
g4=((h2-b4)/a4)*0
g4=((11.716-7.500)/0.011)*0=0.000

f1=((a1*g1^(2))/2+b1*g1+c1)*1
f1=((0.008*464.557*464.557)/
2+8.000*464.557+500.000)*1=5079
f2=((a2*g2^(2))/2+b2*g2+c2)*1
f2=((0.010*553.797*553.797)/
2+6.400*553.797+400.000)*1=5416
f3=((a3*g3^(2))/2+b3*g3+c3)*1
f3=((0.010*381.646*381.646)/
2+7.900*381.646+600.000)*1=4343
f4=((a4*g4^(2))/2+b4*g4+c4)*0
f4=((0.011*0.000*0.000)/2+7.500*0.000+400.000)*0=0

ft=4*(f1+f2+f3+f4)
ft=4*(5079+5416+4343+0)=59352

_________________________________

at pd=1400
x4

at=(1/a1)*1+(1/a2)*0+(1/a3)*1+(1/a4)*1
at=(1/0.008)*1+(1/0.010)*0+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.011)*1=0.003
bt=(b1/a1)*1+(b2/a2)*0+(b3/a3)*1+(b4/a4)*1
bt=(8.000/0.008)*1+(6.400/0.010)*0+(7.900/0.010)*1+(7.500/
0.011)*1=2471.818
h4=at^(-1)*(pd+bt)
h4=0.003*(1400+2471.818)=12.256

g1=((h4-b1)/a1)*1
g1=((12.256-8.000)/0.008)*1=532.014
g2=((h4-b2)/a2)*0
g2=((12.256-6.400)/0.010)*0=0.000
g3=((h4-b3)/a3)*1
g3=((12.256-7.900)/0.010)*1=435.612
g4=((h4-b4)/a4)*1
g4=((12.256-7.500)/0.011)*1=432.374

f1=((a1*g1^(2))/2+b1*g1+c1)*1
f1=((0.008*532.014*532.014)/
2+8.000*532.014+500.000)*1=5888
f2=((a2*g2^(2))/2+b2*g2+c2)*0
f2=((0.010*0.000*0.000)/2+6.400*0.000+400.000)*0=0
f3=((a3*g3^(2))/2+b3*g3+c3)*1
f3=((0.010*435.612*435.612)/
2+7.900*435.612+600.000)*1=4990
f4=((a4*g4^(2))/2+b4*g4+c4)*1
f4=((0.011*432.374*432.374)/
2+7.500*432.374+400.000)*1=4671

ft=4*(f1+f2+f3+f4)
ft=4*(5888+0+4990+4671)=62196

_________________________________

_________________________________

—-----------------------------------------—
at pd=1100

x1

at=(1/a1)*1+(1/a2)*1+(1/a3)*1+(1/a4)*1
at=(1/0.008)*1+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.011)*1=0.002
bt=(b1/a1)*1+(b2/a2)*1+(b3/a3)*1+(b4/a4)*1
bt=(8.000/0.008)*1+(6.400/0.010)*1+(7.900/0.010)*1+(7.500/
0.011)*1=3138.485
h1=at^(-1)*(pd+bt)
h1=0.002*(1100+3138.485)=10.090

g1=((h1-b1)/a1)*1
g1=((10.090-8.000)/0.008)*1=261.226
g2=((h1-b2)/a2)*1
g2=((10.090-6.400)/0.010)*1=384.355
g3=((h1-b3)/a3)*1
g3=((10.090-7.900)/0.010)*1=218.981
g4=((h1-b4)/a4)*1
g4=((10.090-7.500)/0.011)*1=235.437

f1=((a1*g1^(2))/2+b1*g1+c1)*1
f1=((0.008*261.226*261.226)/
2+8.000*261.226+500.000)*1=2862
f2=((a2*g2^(2))/2+b2*g2+c2)*1
f2=((0.010*384.355*384.355)/
2+6.400*384.355+400.000)*1=3568
f3=((a3*g3^(2))/2+b3*g3+c3)*1
f3=((0.010*218.981*218.981)/
2+7.900*218.981+600.000)*1=2569
f4=((a4*g4^(2))/2+b4*g4+c4)*1
f4=((0.011*235.437*235.437)/
2+7.500*235.437+400.000)*1=2470

ft=4*(f1+f2+f3+f4)
ft=4*(2862+3568+2569+2470)=45876

_________________________________

at pd=1100

x2

at=(1/a1)*1+(1/a2)*1+(1/a3)*1+(1/a4)*0
at=(1/0.008)*1+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.011)*0=0.003
bt=(b1/a1)*1+(b2/a2)*1+(b3/a3)*1+(b4/a4)*0
bt=(8.000/0.008)*1+(6.400/0.010)*1+(7.900/0.010)*1+(7.500/
0.011)*0=2456.667
h2=at^(-1)*(pd+bt)
h2=0.003*(1100+2456.667)=10.805

g1=((h2-b1)/a1)*1
g1=((10.805-8.000)/0.008)*1=350.633
g2=((h2-b2)/a2)*1
g2=((10.805-6.400)/0.010)*1=458.861
g3=((h2-b3)/a3)*1
g3=((10.805-7.900)/0.010)*1=290.506
g4=((h2-b4)/a4)*0
g4=((10.805-7.500)/0.011)*0=0.000

f1=((a1*g1^(2))/2+b1*g1+c1)*1
f1=((0.008*350.633*350.633)/
2+8.000*350.633+500.000)*1=3796
f2=((a2*g2^(2))/2+b2*g2+c2)*1
f2=((0.010*458.861*458.861)/
2+6.400*458.861+400.000)*1=4347
f3=((a3*g3^(2))/2+b3*g3+c3)*1
f3=((0.010*290.506*290.506)/
2+7.900*290.506+600.000)*1=3316
f4=((a4*g4^(2))/2+b4*g4+c4)*0
f4=((0.011*0.000*0.000)/2+7.500*0.000+400.000)*0=0
ft=4*(f1+f2+f3+f4)
ft=4*(3796+4347+3316+0)=45836

_________________________________

at pd=1100

x4

at=(1/a1)*1+(1/a2)*0+(1/a3)*1+(1/a4)*1
at=(1/0.008)*1+(1/0.010)*0+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.011)*1=0.003
bt=(b1/a1)*1+(b2/a2)*0+(b3/a3)*1+(b4/a4)*1
bt=(8.000/0.008)*1+(6.400/0.010)*0+(7.900/0.010)*1+(7.500/
0.011)*1=2471.818
h4=at^(-1)*(pd+bt)
h4=0.003*(1100+2471.818)=11.306

g1=((h4-b1)/a1)*1
g1=((11.306-8.000)/0.008)*1=413.309
g2=((h4-b2)/a2)*0
g2=((11.306-6.400)/0.010)*0=0.000
g3=((h4-b3)/a3)*1
g3=((11.306-7.900)/0.010)*1=340.647
g4=((h4-b4)/a4)*1
g4=((11.306-7.500)/0.011)*1=346.043

f1=((a1*g1^(2))/2+b1*g1+c1)*1
f1=((0.008*413.309*413.309)/
2+8.000*413.309+500.000)*1=4489
f2=((a2*g2^(2))/2+b2*g2+c2)*0
f2=((0.010*0.000*0.000)/2+6.400*0.000+400.000)*0=0
f3=((a3*g3^(2))/2+b3*g3+c3)*1
f3=((0.010*340.647*340.647)/
2+7.900*340.647+600.000)*1=3871
f4=((a4*g4^(2))/2+b4*g4+c4)*1
f4=((0.011*346.043*346.043)/
2+7.500*346.043+400.000)*1=3653

ft=4*(f1+f2+f3+f4)
ft=4*(4489+0+3871+3653)=48052

_________________________________
at pd=1100

x10

at=(1/a1)*1+(1/a2)*0+(1/a3)*1+(1/a4)*0
at=(1/0.008)*1+(1/0.010)*0+(1/0.010)*1+(1/0.011)*0=0.004
bt=(b1/a1)*1+(b2/a2)*0+(b3/a3)*1+(b4/a4)*0
bt=(8.000/0.008)*1+(6.400/0.010)*0+(7.900/0.010)*1+(7.500/
0.011)*0=1790.000
h10=at^(-1)*(pd+bt)
h10=0.004*(1100+1790.000)=12.844

g1=((h10-b1)/a1)*1
g1=((12.844-8.000)/0.008)*1=605.556
g2=((h10-b2)/a2)*0
g2=((12.844-6.400)/0.010)*0=0.000
g3=((h10-b3)/a3)*1
g3=((12.844-7.900)/0.010)*1=494.445
g4=((h10-b4)/a4)*0
g4=((12.844-7.500)/0.011)*0=0.000

f1=((a1*g1^(2))/2+b1*g1+c1)*1
f1=((0.008*605.556*605.556)/
2+8.000*605.556+500.000)*1=6811
f2=((a2*g2^(2))/2+b2*g2+c2)*0
f2=((0.010*0.000*0.000)/2+6.400*0.000+400.000)*0=0
f3=((a3*g3^(2))/2+b3*g3+c3)*1
f3=((0.010*494.445*494.445)/
2+7.900*494.445+600.000)*1=5728
f4=((a4*g4^(2))/2+b4*g4+c4)*0
f4=((0.011*0.000*0.000)/2+7.500*0.000+400.000)*0=0

ft=4*(f1+f2+f3+f4)
ft=4*(6811+0+5728+0)=50156

_________________________________

f1(5)=min{Pi+Tij+F(6)}
f1(5)=[50156+58416+3000]=[111572]
the minimum cost is 111572

f2(5)=min{Pi+Tij+F(6)}
f2(5)=[50156+59352+1500]=[111008]
the minimum cost is 111008
f3(5)=min{Pi+Tij+F(6)}
f3(5)=[50156+62196+1500]=[113852]
the minimum cost is 113852

-------------------
f1(4)=min{Pi+Tij+F(5)}
f1(4)=[111572+76460+0][111008+76460+1500]
[113852+76460+1500]=[188032][188968][191812]
the minimum cost is 188032

f2(4)=min{Pi+Tij+F(5)}
f2(4)=[111572+79176+3000][111008+79176+0]
[113852+79176+4500]=[193748][190184][197528]
the minimum cost is 190184

-------------------
f1(3)=min{Pi+Tij+F(4)}
f1(3)=[188032+67248+0][190184+67248+1500]=[255280]
[258932]
the minimum cost is 255280
f2(3)=min{Pi+Tij+F(4)}
f2(3)=[188032+68968+3000][190184+68968+0]=[260000]
[259152]
the minimum cost is 259152

f3(3)=min{Pi+Tij+F(4)}
f3(3)=[188032+72252+3000][190184+72252+4500]=[263284]
[266936]
the minimum cost is 263284

-------------------
f1(2)=min{Pi+Tij+F(3)}
f1(2)=[255280+58416+0][259152+58416+1500]
[263284+58416+1500]=[313696][319068][323200]
the minimum cost is 313696

f2(2)=min{Pi+Tij+F(3)}
f2(2)=[255280+59352+3000][259152+59352+0]
[263284+59352+4500]=[317632][318504][327136]
the minimum cost is 317632

f3(2)=min{Pi+Tij+F(3)}
f3(2)=[255280+62196+3000][259152+62196+4500]
[263284+62196+0]=[320476][325848][325480]
the minimum cost is 320476

-------------------
f4(1)=min{Pi+Tij+F(2)}
f4(1)=[313696+50156+6000][317632+50156+3000]
[320476+50156+3000]=[369852][370788][373632]
the minimum cost is 369852

cost is 369852
st1 1100 X10
st2 1400 X1
st3 1600 X1
st4 1800 X1
st5 1400 X1
st2 1100 X10