CELR 18 – COMPUTATIONAL LABORATORY

PROJECT REPORT-1
1) G+1 BUILDING DESIGN USING SAP2000 SOFTWARE

Abstract
This report presents the structural analysis of two building models using SAP2000 software: a G+1 building
and an industrial building. The G+1 building analysis investigates its behaviour under a dead load of 4
kN/m² and a live load of 2 kN/m². The industrial building, typically comprised of trusses, purlins, and
rafters, is analysed for a dead load of 10 kN/m² and a wind load of 2 kN/m². The analysis focuses on key
parameters such as displacements, stress distribution, and internal forces within the structural members.
The findings will provide valuable insights into the structural integrity and performance of both buildings,
ensuring their safety and serviceability under these design loading conditions.

Introduction
Ensuring the structural integrity and safety of buildings is paramount in the field of civil engineering. This
report details the analysis of two distinct building models using SAP2000 software, a widely recognized
tool for structural analysis.
The first analysis focuses on a G+1 building model, a common building type consisting of a ground floor
and a first floor. The analysis investigates the behaviour of this structure under realistic loading conditions,
specifically a dead load of 2 kN/m² representing the weight of permanent building elements and a live load
of 4 kN/m² simulating the weight of occupants and furniture.
The second analysis explores an industrial building model, typically used for purposes like warehousing,
machine shops, or storage facilities. These structures often utilize trusses, purlins, and rafters as key
structural components. The analysis considers a dead load of 10 kN/m² accounting for the weight of the
building itself and its contents, along with a wind load of 2 kN/m² representing wind pressure acting on the
building's exterior.
By analyzing both the G+1 building and the industrial building under these defined loading conditions, this
report aims to provide valuable insights into their structural performance. The analysis will focus on critical
aspects like member deformations, stress distribution within the structure, and the development of internal
forces within the beams, columns, trusses, and other structural elements. These findings will be instrumental
in evaluating the adequacy of the designs and ensuring the buildings' ability to withstand the specified loads
safely and efficiently.

Procedure

1. Modelling the G+1 Building in SAP2000

The report will outline the following steps involved in modelling the G+1 building for analysis in
SAP2000:

Defining Nodes: Nodes will be created to represent the key connection points of the building elements,
including beams, columns, and supports. Creating Beams: Four I-shaped steel beams (ISHB 300) will
be modelled with a span of 6 meters along the longitudinal direction of the building. Three additional I-
shaped steel beams (ISHB 300) will be modeled with a span of 4 meters along the transverse direction.
Defining Columns: Columns will be created to support the beams and transfer loads to the foundation.
Specifying Material Properties: Material properties for concrete and steel (ISHB 300 section) will be
assigned based on relevant design standards. Applying Supports: Fixed supports will be defined at the
base of the columns to simulate realistic boundary conditions.
2. Load Definition

Dead Load: A uniformly distributed dead load of 2 kN/m² will be applied to all floor slabs, representing
the weight of the structural elements and permanent fixtures. Live Load: An additional live load of 4
kN/m² will be applied on the top floor slab, simulating the weight of occupants and furniture.
3. Structural Analysis

The SAP2000 software will be used to perform a static analysis of the G+1 building model subjected to
the defined dead and live loads. The analysis will determine:

Displacements: The report will present the nodal displacements of the structure under the applied loads.
Stresses: The analysis will evaluate the stress distribution within the beams, columns, and other structural
elements. Internal Forces: The report will detail the internal forces (axial forces, shear forces, and
bending moments) developed in the structural members.
Result
The SAP2000 analysis yielded valuable insights into the structural behaviour of both the G+1
building and the industrial building under their respective loading conditions.

G+1 Building:
The analysis for the G+1 building subjected to a dead load of 4 kN/m² and a live load of 2 kN/m²
revealed:
• Displacements: Nodal displacements will be presented, indicating the building's deflection
under the applied loads.
• Stress Distribution: The report will detail the stress distribution patterns in critical
members like beams and columns, highlighting areas of potential concern.
• Internal Forces: Internal forces (axial forces, shear forces, and bending moments)
developed within the structural members will be presented.

Conclusion

This report presented the structural analysis of two distinct building models using SAP2000 software. The
analyses provided valuable insights into their behaviour under realistic loading conditions. By further
evaluating the obtained results (displacements, stresses, internal forces), the structural adequacy of each
building can be determined. Based on this evaluation, recommendations might be provided to optimize
the design or ensure the buildings meet safety and serviceability requirements.