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Using Powdered Clam Shells as a Plant Booster

A Practical Research Paper

Presented to the Faculty of
Saint Paul School of Buug, Inc.

In Partial Fulfillment for

English 10

Eltagon, Johann Chase

Bryan Angelo D. Climaco

Aaron James F Austero

Khreidz Meir R. Bangahan

February 2024
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers extend their deepest gratitude to all those who have contributed to the

completion of this study. Our sincere thanks go to Ma’am Shandylou Omongos and the students

of Grade 10 St. Mark for their invaluable support, guidance, and insights throughout the research

process. We would also like to express appreciation to our families and friends for their

unwavering encouragement and understanding during the challenging phases of this project.

Furthermore, we acknowledge the academic and technical assistance provided by Ma’am Janine

Ariosa and Ma’am May-An Amazon. Their expertise greatly enriched the quality of our work.

Finally, we humbly acknowledge the divine guidance and blessings that have accompanied us on

this academic journey. Our gratitude to God for the strength, inspiration, and wisdom bestowed

upon us is immeasurable.
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CHAPTER I

I. INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

In recent years, there has been growing interest in exploring sustainable and eco-friendly

alternatives to traditional chemical fertilizers to enhance plant growth and productivity. One such

avenue of investigation involves the utilization of natural materials, particularly waste products

from various industries, as potential plant boosters. Powdered clam shells, a byproduct of the

seafood processing industry, have emerged as a promising candidate in this regard. Clam shells

are predominantly composed of calcium carbonate, along with trace amounts of other minerals

and organic compounds. Calcium carbonate is known to play a crucial role in soil pH regulation

and nutrient availability, thus influencing plant health and growth. Additionally, clam shells

possess inherent properties such as porosity, which may contribute to improved soil structure and

water retention capacity. Previous research has demonstrated the efficacy of powdered clam

shells as a soil amendment in enhancing soil fertility and promoting plant growth. The slow-

release nature of calcium carbonate from clam shells provides a sustainable source of nutrients

for plants over an extended period, potentially reducing the need for frequent fertilization.

Furthermore, the utilization of powdered clam shells offers environmental benefits by re-

purposing a waste product that would otherwise contribute to landfill accumulation or require

energy-intensive disposal methods. By harnessing this abundant and renewable resource,

agricultural practices can be made more sustainable and less reliant on synthetic inputs.
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However, despite the promising potential of powdered clam shells as a plant booster,

there remains a need for comprehensive scientific investigation to evaluate its effectiveness

across different soil types, plant species, and growth conditions. Addressing these knowledge

gaps is essential for optimizing the application of clam shell powder in agriculture and promoting

its widespread adoption as a viable alternative to conventional fertilizers. Therefore, this study

aims to assess the impact of powdered clam shells on soil properties, nutrient availability, and

plant growth parameters through controlled experiments in field settings. By elucidating the

mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of clam shell powder on plant performance, this

research endeavors to contribute to the development of sustainable agricultural practices that

prioritize both productivity and environmental stewardship.

Statement of the Problem

The intent of this research is to identify the effects of using powdered clam shells as a

booster for plant growth. Moreover, the study seeks to answer the following questions:

1.) Does using powdered clam shells have any effect in promoting plant growth?

2.) Does using powdered clam shells have any effect in the soil’s properties?

3.) Is using powdered clam shells practical for horticultural usage (farms, gardens, etc.)?
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Theoretical Framework

Crushed clam shells contain nutrients like calcium and magnesium that plants need to grow, and

when turned into powder, these nutrients can enrich the soil, creating a healthier environment for

plants to thrive (University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2013; Washington State Department of

Ecology, 2016). Additionally, adding clam shell powder to the soil can improve its pH balance

and nutrient availability, benefiting plant growth while reducing reliance on chemical fertilizers

(University of Florida IFAS Extension, 2015; North Carolina State University Extension, 2020).

However, it's important to ensure that the use of clam shell powder doesn't harm the environment

or other organisms in the soil or water (University of Florida IFAS Extension, 2015; North

Carolina State University Extension, 2020). As scientists and farmers collaborate to study clam

shell powder's effects and establish safety guidelines, efforts are made to make this sustainable

practice accessible and beneficial to agriculture (University of Florida IFAS Extension, 2015;

North Carolina State University Extension, 2020). By understanding how clam shell powder can

help plants grow and working together to address potential environmental concerns, communities

can embrace a more eco-friendly approach to farming and gardening, promoting healthier soils

and sustainable food production (University of Florida IFAS Extension, 2015; North Carolina

State University Extension, 2020; Washington State Department of Ecology, 2016). This

collaborative effort involves educating farmers and gardeners about the benefits of using clam

shell powder, as well as developing methods to produce and distribute it effectively and

affordably (University of Florida IFAS Extension, 2015; North Carolina State University

Extension, 2020; Washington State Department of Ecology, 2016).

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In addition to its agricultural benefits, using clam shell powder can also contribute to reducing

waste and promoting resource efficiency in coastal communities where clam shells are abundant

(University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2013; Washington State Department of Ecology, 2016).

By re-purposing clam shells into a valuable soil amendment, communities can not only improve

soil health and agricultural productivity but also support local economies and reduce the

environmental impact of shell waste disposal (University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2013;

Washington State Department of Ecology, 2016; Oregon State University Extension Service,

n.d.). This dual benefit highlights the potential of using natural, locally sourced materials to

address agricultural and environmental challenges in a sustainable and cost-effective manner

(University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2013; Washington State Department of Ecology, 2016;

Oregon State University Extension Service, n.d.).

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Conceptual Framework.

Experimentation of the Usage of Clam Shells

Application of Powdered Clam Shells to Soil to

Stimulate Plant Growth
(Independent Variable)

Observation of Plant Growth and Soil Properties

(Dependent Variables)

Gathering and Interpretation of Data

This research contains parts in which the independent variables is changed constantly

through multiple specimens. 3 potted plants will be used in which plants with soils that have a

different concentration of powdered clam shells added. After the experimental period, we will

gather our findings and interpret the data connecting the dependent and independent variables of

our research.
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Scope and Delimitations

The research will be held in the plant farm in Saint Paul School of Buug, Inc. An

experimentation period of 3 weeks will be used as the experiment’s duration. 3 plants will be

chosen, each with different levels of powdered clam shell amounts added to the soil. The plants

chosen are those which have already matured enough to survive outside elements. We will only

be observing the plant’s pigmentation, soil acidity, height, and overall complexion. Outside

factors such as amount of rain water, amount of sunlight and other natural factors for plant

growth will not be recorded. A measurement of said attributes will be done will be made the

moment the experiment starts as a referral and at the end of each day afterward. Regular

gardening of the plants will be handled by the researchers. If one or more of said plants wither

during the experiment, the testing will start over, but with no extended time limit to redo it. If all

the plants wither during the 3 week time limit, the experiment will end and the data gathered will

be presented after it has been analyzed.

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Significance of the Study

The main purpose of this study is to test the potential of clam shells as a potential plant

booster which could either work in tandem with normal fertilizers or replace them altogether.

Thus, if this study will be successful, then it would be beneficiary to the following

 Farmers, Gardeners, and Landscapers

Farmers, gardeners, and landscapers can save money and make their soil healthier by

using clam shells instead of chemical fertilizers. This helps them grow better crops and plants

while also reducing the acidity of the soil.

 Nature Lovers and Environmentalists

People who care about the environment can be happy because using clam shells helps

reduce waste and keeps the soil clean and healthy.

 Coastal Communities

People who live near the ocean can benefit because using clam shells helps them manage

waste and supports their local economy. It's good for the ocean and the community.

 The School

With the farm being a big part of the school, using clam shells can help them cut down

on fertilizer expenditures

 The Future Researchers

Our study will could guide them in the right direction if they choose our study as a basis

in their own work.

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Operational Definition of Terms

1) Powdered Clam Shells - Finely ground particles derived from crushed clam shells, utilized as

a soil amendment in agriculture to enhance soil fertility and provide essential nutrients such as

calcium for plant growth.

2) Plant Growth - The measurable increase in plant size, biomass, and physiological

development over time, encompassing parameters such as plant height and plant pigmentation.

3) Environmental Stewardship -Taking care of nature by using resources wisely and protecting

the environment.

4) Soil pH - a measure of the soil's acidity level, which affects how well plants can grow.

5) Horticulture - the practice of growing and cultivating plants, including fruits, vegetables,

flowers, and ornamental plants, for aesthetic, decorative, and practical purposes.

6) Synthetic - refers to something made by chemical processes or artificially created rather than

being naturally occurring. In agriculture, synthetic substances often refer to chemical fertilizers

or pesticides produced in laboratories.

7) Eco-friendly - refers to practices, products, or actions that are not harmful to the environment.

It involves minimizing negative impacts on ecosystems, conserving natural resources, and

promoting sustainability.
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CHAPTER II

II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Related Literature

"Teaming with Microbes: The Organic Gardener's Guide to the Soil Food Web" by Jeff

Lowenfels and Wayne Lewis - This book delves into the intricate relationships between soil

microorganisms, plant health, and nutrient cycling, which are relevant to understanding the

effects of adding clam shell powder to soil.

"The Soul of Soil: A Soil-Building Guide for Master Gardeners and Farmers" by Grace

Gershuny and Joseph Smillie - This comprehensive guide explores soil ecology, fertility

management, and organic soil-building techniques, providing insights into how clam shell

powder may fit into sustainable soil management practices.

"The Organic Farmer's Business Handbook: A Complete Guide to Managing Finances,

Crops, and Staff - and Making a Profit" by Richard Wiswall - While primarily focused on the

business aspects of organic farming, this book discusses soil fertility management and the use of

organic soil amendments, offering practical perspectives on incorporating clam shell powder into

farm operations.

"Soil Science Simplified" by Helmut Kohnke and P. N. Brady - This introductory text provides

a foundational understanding of soil properties, nutrient dynamics, and soil management

practices, which are essential for evaluating the potential benefits and limitations of using clam

shell powder in agriculture.

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"The Rodale Book of Composting: Easy Methods for Every Gardener" by Deborah L.

Martin and Grace Gershuny - Composting is closely related to soil health and nutrient cycling,

and this book offers practical guidance on composting techniques that may complement the use

of clam shell powder as a soil amendment.

Related Literature

 "Agricultural Use of Shellfish Compost as Fertilizer" (2013) - The University of

Massachusetts Amherst publication discusses the agricultural utilization of shellfish compost

as a fertilizer, providing insights into its effectiveness in promoting plant growth and

enhancing soil fertility through the application of compost derived from shellfish waste. This

source contributes to the understanding of sustainable soil management practices by

exploring the potential benefits of incorporating shellfish compost into agricultural systems.

 "Using Shell Waste as a Soil Conditioner" (2015) - The University of Florida IFAS

Extension resource focuses on the use of shell waste as a soil conditioner, offering practical

guidance on how to effectively integrate shell waste into soil to improve its structure,

nutrient content, and overall health. This publication provides valuable information on

sustainable soil management techniques and highlights the role of shell waste in promoting

soil sustainability and plant productivity.

 "Using Calcium in Your Garden" (2020) - The North Carolina State University Extension

publication addresses the utilization of calcium in gardening, including strategies for

optimizing calcium uptake in plants and understanding its importance in promoting plant

growth, root development, and disease resistance.

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This resource enhances the understanding of how calcium, a key component of clam

shells, contributes to plant health and soil fertility in agricultural and horticultural

settings.

 "Agricultural Use of Shellfish Waste: Benefits and Environmental Concerns". (2016) - The

Washington State Department of Ecology publication examines the benefits and

environmental concerns associated with the agricultural use of shellfish waste, offering

insights into the potential advantages of using shell waste as a soil amendment while also

addressing environmental considerations such as nutrient runoff and habitat impacts. This

source contributes to a holistic understanding of the implications of using shell waste in

agriculture, balancing its benefits with environmental stewardship.

 "Utilizing Waste Clam and Mussel Shells" (n.d.) - The Oregon State University Extension

Service resource provides information on utilizing waste clam and mussel shells, likely

offering practical recommendations for incorporating clam and mussel shells into

agricultural practices to enhance soil health and plant productivity. This publication likely

offers insights into best practices for collecting, processing, and applying clam and mussel

shells as soil amendments, contributing to sustainable soil management and agricultural

productivity.
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Chapter III.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter outlines the methodology for collecting essential data and information throughout

the study. It covers details about the research design, research procedure, and research locale.

Research Design

In our study, we'll explore how adding clam shell powder to soil affects plant growth.

We'll set up three groups: one with soil only, another with soil mixed with 25% clam shell

powder, and a third with soil mixed with 50% clam shell powder. Each group will have the same

type of soil and will grow the same plants. Throughout the study, we'll monitor the soil's acidity,

complexion, and the growth of the plants. By comparing the groups, we can see if adding clam

shell powder makes the soil better for plants. This research could help farmers decide how much

clam shell powder to use to grow healthier crops while also helping the environment.

Research Procedure

Data Collection: Through daily observation and measurement of these plants, data can

be compiled and then analyzed at a later date.

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Analysis: The researchers will analyze what happened throughout the experiment by

inferring and trying to understand different aspects and factors that contributed to the data

gathered.

Findings: The findings might reveal that certain factors such as Powdered shell amount

or other unseen factors helped contribute to the outcome of the experiment.

Research Locale

The locale of our research will be held at the plant farm inside the campus of St.Paul

School of Buug, Inc.