LIFE SCIENCES

GRADE 11

ANSWERS FOR THE

REMOTE LEARNING WORKBOOK

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TERM 1

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Week Topic Page
1 Basic structure of viruses, bacteria, Protista and fungi 4

2 Roles of viruses, bacteria, Protista and fungi in maintaining

balance in the environment 6

3 Diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, Protista and fungi &

Immunity 8

4 Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and 11

Angiosperms

5 Asexual and sexual reproduction 13

6 Flowers as reproductive structures 17

7&8 Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes. Annelida, Arthropoda

and Chordata 19

9 Role of invertebrates in agriculture and ecosystems 21

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 WEEK 1: TOPIC: Biodiversity and classification of microorganisms

SUB-TOPIC: Basic structure of viruses, bacteria, Protista and fungi

ACTIVITIES/WORKSHEETS/EXAM TYPE QUESTIONS

1. 1.1 C✓✓
1.2 A✓✓
1.3 C✓✓
1.4 B✓✓ (4 x (8)
2)

2. 2.1 Virus✓
2.2 Binary fission✓
2.3 Heterotrophic✓ (3)

3. 3.1 None✓✓
3.2 Both A and B✓✓
3.3 B only✓✓ (3 x (6)
2)

4. 4.1 B – Viruses✓
C – Fungi✓ (2)

4.2 1 – Flagellum✓ (1)

2 – Nucleic acid ü/ RNA / DNA (1)
3 – Sporangium✓ (1)

4.3 (a) B✓ (1)

(b) C✓ (1)

4.4 Bacillus✓ /Rod-shaped (1)

(8)
5 5.1 A – rhizoid/hyphae ✔
B – sporangiophore ✔
C – spore ✔
D – columella ✔
E - septum ✔ (5)
5.2 Measured length of C = 2,5 mm ✔
Scale shows 18 mm = 60µm

Length of C is : 2,5 x 60 ✔ = 8,3 µm ✔

18 ✔ (4)
(9)

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 WEEK 2: TOPIC: Biodiversity and classification of microorganisms

SUB-TOPIC: Roles of viruses, bacteria, Protista and fungi in

maintaining balance in the environment

ACTIVITIES/WORKSHEETS/EXAM TYPE QUESTIONS

1. 1.1 B✓✓
1.2 D✓✓
1.3 A✓✓ (3 x (6)
2)

2. 2.1 Decomposers✓
2.2 Autotrophs ✓
2.3 Parasitism✓ (3)

3. 3.1 Both A and B✓✓

3.2 A only✓✓
3.3 B only✓✓ (3 x 2) (6)

4. 4.1 Nitrates✓ (1)

4.2 − Lightening converts nitrogen and oxygen to nitrates ✓

− free living soil bacteria can form nitrates ✓ (3)
− as can root nodule bacteria ✓

4.3 (a) − play an important role in food chains of marine and

freshwater ecosystems✓
− they contain chlorophyll✓
− and synthesize their own organic food✓
− which is available as for other organisms in the ecosystem✓
Any
(3)
(b)
− during photosynthesis carbon dioxide is absorbed✓
− to produce organic food✓
− and oxygen is released to the atmosphere✓
Any (2)
(9)

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5.1 Wear rubber gloves ✓ to avoid contamination ✓.

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 Samples bottles should be attached to a string ✓ to prevent
slipping and falling in the river / drowning / contamination ✓ (4)
5.2 Human body temperature at which the bacteria normally live ✓. (1)
5.3 Lack or absence of proper sewage system ✓
Human faeces contaminating the water ✓
(Mark any one correct answer (1)
(6)

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 WEEK 3: TOPIC: Biodiversity and classification of microorganisms

SUB-TOPICS: Diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, protista and fungi.

Immunity

ACTIVITIES/WORKSHEETS/EXAM TYPE QUESTIONS

ACTIVITY 1
QUESTION 1
1.1. A ✓✓

1.2. D ✓✓

1.3. D ✓✓ (6)

QUESTION 2
2.1 Symbiosis✓

2.2 Immunity✓

2.3 Biotechnology✓ (3)

QUESTION 3
3.1 A only✓✓

3.2 None✓✓

3.3 A only✓✓ (6)

ACTIVITY 2
QUESTION 1
1.1 (1)
430 000✓
1.2
430 ✓ X 100✓ = 11.3✓
39000
OR (3)
430 000/ 3 900 000✓ X 100✓ = 11.3✓

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1.3

Criteria Mark Allocation

Correct type of graph 1
Title of graph (has both variables) 1
Correct label and unit for X-axis and Y-axis 1
Correct scale for Y-axis and correct width of
1
bars and spacing between bars on X-axis
Drawing of the graph 1: 1 to 3 bars drawn correctly
2: All 4 bars drawn correctly
Total 6

QUESTION 2
1.1
The level of antibody increased up to day 60✓ and decrease until day
(2)
100✓
1.2
The antibodies will fight the infection✓ and the person will not be sick.✓
(2)
1.3
Injection✓ and
(2)
oral✓
1.4 (1)
Leukocyte or white corpuscle✓

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ACTIVITY 3
QUESTION 1
1.1 (1)
(a) Growth of yeast ✓
(1)
(b) Antifungal treatment ✓

1.2
- This represents the body temperature of humans ✓
(2)
- and the antifungal treatments are designed for use in humans ✓

1.3
- Amount of anti-fungal treatment used must be the same ✓

- Concentration of anti-fungal treatment must be the same ✓

- Yeast growth must cover 100% of the petri-dish ✓ (2)

- Same person should take all the readings ✓ (any 2 x 1)

Mark first TWO only

1.4
- Repeat the investigation ✓
(2)
- Use many samples/petri-dishes with the same set-up ✓

1.5 (2)
Mycoside – Fungiclear – Mycoban – Fungisan ✓✓
(Must have the correct sequence

WEEK 4: TOPIC: Biodiversity of plants

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 SUB-TOPIC: BRYOPHYTES, PTERIDOPHYTES, GYMNOSPERMS &
ANGIOSPERMS

ACTIVITIES/WORKSHEETS/EXAM TYPE QUESTIONS

QUESTION 1
1.1 Algae✓ (1)

1.2 (a) - Moss✓

- Fern✓ (2)
(Mark first TWO only)

(b) Angiosperms✓ (1)

(c) Gymnosperms✓ and

Angiosperms✓ (2)
(Mark first TWO only)

1.3 The xylem tissue has tracheids✓ that enables water to move up the
stem.✓
The phloem has sieve tube cells✓ for food translocation✓.
(2)
Any 1 (8)

QUESTION 2
2.1 Phylogenetic tree ✓ (1)
2.2 Bryophytes ✓ (1)
2.3 - Development of vascular tissue ✓
- Development of seeds ✓ (2)
2.4 Green/ Has chloroplast ✓ (1)
(5)

QUESTION 3

3.1 A – Roots ✓
B - Rhizoids ✓
C – Stigma ✓ (3)
3.2 The differences between a fern plant and a pine tree in relation to
reproduction
Fern plant/Plant I Pine plant/Plant IV
Needs water for fertilization No need for water for fertilization
Reproduce by means of spores Reproduce by means of pollen (4)

3.3 a) II ✓
b) III ✓

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c) III and IV ✓ (3)
(11)

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 WEEK 5: TOPIC: Biodiversity of plants

SUB-TOPIC: Asexual and sexual reproduction

ACTIVITIES/WORKSHEETS/EXAM TYPE QUESTIONS

1 1.1 C ✓✓
1.2 D ✓✓
1.3 C ✓✓
1.4 B ✓✓
1.5 A ✓✓ (5 x 2) (14)

2 2.1 Asexual ✓
2.2 Vegetative ✓
2.3 Zygote ✓
2.4 Offspring ✓ (4)

3 3.1 Both ✓✓
3.2 A only ✓✓
3.3 B only ✓✓ (3 x (6)
2)

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 4

Name Type of What happens? Example/Drawing

Reproduction
(Asexual or
Sexual)
Binary Fission Asexual ✓ Parent cell divides
resulting in two
identical cells with
the DNA copied
itself. ✓✓

Budding Asexual ✓ A bud develops as

an outgrowth due
to repeated cell
division at one
specific point. The
buds when mature
detach from
parent body✓✓
Fragmentation Asexual ✓ An organism splits
into fragments and
each fragment
develops into a
complete
organism. ✓✓

(9)

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5.

Reproduction

Sexual Asexual

● Two parents ✓ One parent✓

● Offspring different from Offspring identical

their parents ✓ to their parent ✓
(blend of parents’ traits)

Offspring have similar structural characteristics to parents. ✓

Species continue ✓

(6)

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6.

6.1 a) Provides for genetic variation ✓

Organisms are able to adapt and withstand changes in
environmental conditions. ✓✓
b) Time consuming ✓
Energy and time are needed to find a partner/ not possible
for isolated individuals to reproduce. ✓✓ (6)

6.2 a) Time and energy efficient ✓

Increase of populations is rapid. ✓✓
b) Does not lead to genetic variation. ✓
Species may only be suited to one environment. ✓✓ (6)

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 WEEK 6: TOPIC: Biodiversity of plants

SUB-TOPIC: Flowers as reproductive structures

ACTIVITIES/WORKSHEETS/EXAM TYPE QUESTIONS

QUESTION 1
1.1.1 B ✔✔ (2)
1.1.2 C ✔✔ (2)
1.1.3 B ✔✔ (2)
1.1.4 C ✔✔ (2)
1.1.5 D ✔✔ (2)
(10)

1.2.1 Anther ✔ (1)

1.2.2 Ovary✔ (1)
1.2.3 Stigma ✔ (1)
1.2.4 Pollination ✔ (1)
1.2.5 Fruit ✔ (1)
1.2.6 Receptacle ✔ (1)
(6)

1.3.1 Wind pollinated flower ✔ (1)

1.3.2 A – Stigma ✔
B – Anther ✔ (2)
1.3.3 Perianth ✔ (1)
1.3.4 a) A ✔ (1)
b) D ✔ (1)
c) B ✔ (1)
(7)

QUESTION 2
2.1.1 Number of visits to the flowers by pollinators ✔ (1)
2.1.2 The duration of the investigation was the same ✔ OR
24 hours for both plant species to get pollinated ✔
(Mark the first one only) (1)

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2.1.3 Same environmental conditions ✔ OR
Same number of flowers for each plant species ✔ OR
Same number of hummingbirds and sunbird ✔ (any (1)
1)
2.1.4 Sunbirds prefer S. greggi flowers✔ while hummingbirds prefer S.
nemorasa flowers ✔ (2)
(5)
2.2.1 Pollination by pollinator
a) colourful ✔ (1)
b) held inside the flower✔ (1)
c) inside the flower ✔ (1)
d) sticky pollen ✔ (1)
e) strongly scented ✔ (1)
f) energy spent making nectar and pollen✔ (1)
Wind pollinated
g) protrude from the flower ✔ (1)
h) protrude from the flower ✔ (1)
i) large amount of dry pollen ✔ (1)
j) no scent ✔ (1)
k) large amount of energy wasted on producing pollen ✔ (1)
(11)
2.2.2 To get nectar/feed on pollen grains as they move from flower to
flower ✔ ensuring fertilisation and variety ✔ (2)

2.2.3 The seed of angiosperms develop in the ovaries of flowers and are
surrounded by a protective fruit ✔ that prevent it from drying out and
survive in unfavourable conditions ✔
Angiosperms is competitive due to animal and wind pollination✔
that can cover a large area therefore ensuring the survival of the
species. ✔ (4)

2.2.4 Tabel = ✔
Self-pollination
1.Occurs in the same flower of
the same species✔
2.It occurs in the flowers which
are genetically identical✔
3.Causes inbreeding✔
4.Reduces the gene pool✔
Cross pollination
1.Occurs between two flowers
of the same species✔
2.It creates genetic diversity in
flowers✔
3.Causes outbreeding✔
4.Maintains the gene pool✔

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 5.Produces limited amounts of 5.Produces large amounts of (5)
pollen grains✔ pollen grains✔
Any 2 (2x2)
+1
(22)

WEEK 7 & 8: TOPIC: Biodiversity of animals

SUB-TOPIC: Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Annelida, Arthropoda &

Chordata

ACTIVITIES/WORKSHEETS/EXAM TYPE QUESTIONS

QUESTION 1

1.1.1 Chordata✔
1.1.2 Cephalisation✔ (2)

1.2.1 Both A and B ✔✔

1.2.2 Both A and B ✔✔
1.2.3 A only ✔✔
1.2.4 B only ✔✔ (8)

QUESTION 2

2.1 Cnidaria ✔

2.2 Radial ✔ symmetry

2.3 It can catch prey ✔ / sense danger from all direction because they
are sedentary✔/ sessile
(4)
QUESTION 3

3.1 Porifera ✔ (1)

3.2 Diploblastic ✔ (1)

3.3 Diploblastic animals produce only two germ layers ✔

Triploblastic animals produce three germ layers ✔ (2)

3.4 The animal cannot ingest and egest at the same time ✔

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 There is mixing of digested and undigested food ✔
Digested food is also expelled during egestion ✔ (1)
(Mark the first ONE only)

3.5 ● Has a hydrostatic skeleton ✔

which assists during movement ✔

● Has coelom ✔
which provides a circulatory system✔

● Has a through-gut ✔
which allows for more efficient absorption of nutrients and removal of
waste products ✔

● Has a high degree of cephalisation ✔

allowing for the concentration of sense organs and nervous control
to be at the anterior end of the body

● Has a closed blood system ✔

which allows for faster transportation of blood within blood vessels ✔

(Mark the first THREE only)

(6)
(11)

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 WEEK 9: TOPIC: Biodiversity of animals

SUB-TOPIC: Role of invertebrates in agriculture and ecosystems

ACTIVITIES/WORKSHEETS/EXAM TYPE QUESTIONS

Question 1

Across Down

4. HONEY 1. EXTRACTOR
5. BEESWAX
2. HIVE
7. SWARM
3. DRONE
8. POLLINATION
6. SMOKER
10. NECTAR
7. STINGER
12. BEEKEEPER
9. QUEEN
11. VEIL

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 1 E

2 H R

3 D I A

R V C

4 H O N E Y T

N O

5 B E E 6 S W A X 7 S W A R M

M T

8 P O L L I N A T I O N

K N 9 Q

10 NE C T A R G 11 V U

R BE E K E E P E R
12

R I E

L N

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