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Chapter 3+4+5 PMV As350b2
Chapter 3+4+5 PMV As350b2
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
CONTENTS
Pages
3.1 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
1 INTRODUCTION - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1
2 AUTOROTATION LANDING - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1
3 ENGINE FAILURES - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2
4 GOVERNOR FAILURES - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3
5 ENGINE FIRE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3
1 AURAL WARNING - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1
2 WARNING-CAUTION-ADVISORY PANEL - - - - - - - - - - 2
SECTION 3.1
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
1 INTRODUCTION
The procedures outlined in this section deal with the common types of
emergencies ; however, the actions taken in each actual emergency must
relate to the complete situation.
Throughout this section, "LAND IMMEDIATELY", "LAND AS SOON AS POSSIBLE", R
"LAND AS SOON AS PRACTICABLE" and "CONTINUE FLIGHT" are used to reflect R
the degree of urgency and are to be interpreted as follows : R
- LAND (OR DITCH) IMMEDIATELY R
- LAND AS SOON AS POSSIBLE : land at the nearest site at which a safe R
landing can be made
- LAND AS SOON AS PRACTICABLE : extended flight is not recommended. The
landing site and duration of the flight are at the discretion of the
pilot.
- CONTINUE FLIGHT: continue flight as planned. Repair at destination R
according to the Maintenance Manual. R
2 AUTOROTATION LANDING
3 ENGINE FAILURES R
- Booster pumps - - - - - - On
R
- Wait until Ng falls below 30 % then carry out normal starting
procedure.
4 GOVERNOR FAILURES
Same symptoms as for complete engine failure but after a few seconds, Ng
stabilizes at a low rpm value (less than 70 %).
. Establish autorotation IAS 65 kt (120 km/h), then advance the fuel
flow control into the emergency sector. Ng and t4 should rise.
. Control engine speed to 70 % Ng.
. If necessary, increase collective pitch to bring rotor speed to
350 rpm.
. Increase fuel flow until rotor speed is approximately 380 rpm.
. Trim collective pitch and fuel flow control to hold level flight at
this rotor speed.
NOTE: In both cases mentioned above (§ 4.1 and § 4.2), the landing approach R
should be made along a low gradient path, at IAS = 65 kt (120 km/h - R
75 MPH), holding the rotor speed at the upper limit of the green R
area (394 rpm) using the fuel flow control. In final approach, reduce
forward speed without touching the fuel flow control. The rotor
speed will drop when the collective pitch is increased on touchdown.
After touchdown, reduce the fuel flow control setting before
decreasing the collective pitch.
4.3 Surging
NOTE: If surging persists while fuel pressure and engine oil pressure are R
correct, reduce fuel flow slightly to leave the governed range.
If surging still persists, LAND AS SOON AS POSSIBLE and shut down R
the engine if there is a tendency to divergence (refer to
paragraph 2.1). R
5 ENGINE FIRE
- Close the fuel shut-off cock and apply the rotor brake if necessary.
- Switch off the booster pumps.
- Crank the engine for 10 seconds then switch off the battery.
- Use the nearby extinguishers to fight the fire.
NOTE : If the electrical power supply system is faulty, carry out the
appropriate procedure, as detailed in SECTION 3.3.
* If installed
SECTION 3.2
SYSTEM FAILURES
If failure is not confirmed, the faulty item is the fuel pressure gauge :
Flight may be continued.
If failure is not confirmed, the faulty item is the fuel pressure gauge :
Flight may be continued.
2.1 Low Engine Oil pressure "Gauge pointer in red arc for Ng above 85 %"
- Land if possible.
. Stop the engine.
. Check that the cooler fan operates.
- If landing impossible :
. Increase speed and reduce power.
. Fly at approximately 80 kt (148 km/h).
The temperature should fall rapidly.
If this result is not obtained, LAND AS SOON AS POSSIBLE. R
| OAT | t4 limit |
| | |
| Below 15°C | 730°C |
| Above 15°C | 750°C |
| | |
Zp(ft)
20000 |
| |
| |
8000 | |
| | | |
| 96 | 97 | Ng = 98 % |
6000 | | | |
| | | | | |
| 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | |
4000 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 96 | |
2000 | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| 90 | 91 | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | |
0 | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
-35 -25 -15 -5 5 15 50 (°C)
és - OAT
- NR reading exceeds Nf
. NR reading is incorrect : refer to § 3.5, except in autorotation
(near zero torque).
- Nf reading exceeds NR
. On the ground during the starting sequence : reduce the engine fuel
flow control setting to check for possible freewheel slippage.
. In flight : NR reading is probably incorrect : refer to § 3.5.
The Ng values at which the bleed valve opens and closes depend on the
temperature and altitude, and are specified in SECTION 4.1.
If the flag does not disappear above the specified Ng value, the maximum
available engine power is reduced, especially in cold weather.
If the flag does not appear below the specified Ng value, engine surging
may result. Avoid sudden power variations.
SECTION 3.3
1 AURAL WARNING
2 WARNING-CAUTION-ADVISORY PANEL
| | | |
| LIGHT | FAILURE | PILOT ACTION |
| | | |
| | | |
| |HYD| |Loss of hydraulic |Keep aircraft to a more or less level | R
| | pressure |attitude. | R
| | |Avoid abrupt maneuvers. | R
| | or | | R
| | |CAUTION : DO NOT DEPRESS "HYDR TEST" PUSHBUT- | R
| |Pressure <30 bars | TON AS THIS WILL DEPRESSURIZE THE | R
| | | YAW LOAD COMPENSATOR, RESULTING IN | R
| | | HEAVY PEDALS CONTROL LOADS. | R
| | | |
| | | DO NOT ATTEMPT TO CARRY OUT HOVER | R
| | | FLIGHT OR ANY LOW SPEED MANEUVER. | R
| | | THE INTENSITY AND DIRECTION OF THE | R
| | | CONTROL FEEDBACK FORCES WILL CHANGE | R
| | | RAPIDLY. THIS WILL RESULT IN EXCES- | R
| | | SIVE PILOT WORKLOAD, POOR AIRCRAFT | R
| | | CONTROL, AND POSSIBLE LOSS OF | R
| | | CONTROL. | R
| | | |
| | |NOTE 1 : Pressure in accumulators allows | R
| | | enough time to secure the flight and | R
| | | to establish the safety speed. | R
| | | |
| | |NOTE 2 : Do not silence the HORN by using the | R
| | | the HORN switch. The HORN will be | R
| | | silenced when the pilot selects the | R
| | | hydraulic cut-off switch to OFF. | R
| | | |
| | |- In hover IGE : | R
| | | . Land normally. | R
| | | . Collective - - - - - - LOCK. | R
| | | . Shutdown procedure - - APPLY. | R
| | | |
| | | |
| LIGHT | FAILURE | PILOT ACTION |
| | | |
| | | |
| | |- In flight : Smoothly, |
| | | . Collective/Cyclic- - - SET IAS within 40 |
| | | to 60 kt (hydraulic|
| | | failure safety |
| | | speed). |
| | | . Collective HYD switch- OFF. |
| | | Pilot has to exert forces : |
| | | - On collective to increase or decrease |
| | | power around no force feedback point. |
| | | - On forward and left cyclic. |
| | | |
| | | LAND AS SOON AS POSSIBLE |
| | | |
| | |NOTE : Speed may be increased as necessary |
| | | but controls loads will increase with |
| | | speed. |
| | | |
| | |- Approach and landing : |
| | | . Over a clear and flat area, make a flat |
| | | final approach, nose into wind. |
| | | . Perform a no-hover/slow run-on landing |
| | | around 10 knots. |
| | | . Do not hover or taxi without hydraulic |
| | | pressure assistance. |
| | | |
| | |- After landing : |
| | | . Collective - - - - - - - LOCK. |
| | | . Shutdown procedure- - - - APPLY. |
| | | |
| | | |
| |FEU| | | |
| | |Refer to Section 3.1 paragraph 5 |
| |FIRE| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| LIGHT | FAILURE | PILOT ACTION |
| | | |
| | | |
| | Main gearbox |- Reduce power, LAND AS SOON AS POSSIBLE. |
| |PH.BTP|| oil minimum | |
| | pressure |NOTE : The MGB has passed |
| | | a bench test consisting in running the |
| |MGB.P| | | gearbox for 45 min. with zero oil |
| | | pressure at the power corresponding to |
| | | minimum power in level flight |
| | | (at 55 kt). |
| | | |
| | | |
| | Main gear box |- Test the warning caution advisory panel |
||TH.BTP| | oil maximum | to check the MGB.P light. |
| | temperature | . If the light does not illuminate, proceed |
| | | as for MGB oil pressure at zero. |
||MGB.T| | | . If the light illuminates, land and check |
| | | the MGB oil level. If the oil level is |
| | | normal, fly to the nearest base. |
| | | |
| | | |
||T.BATT| | Battery maximum |- Isolate the battery (push-button "OFF") |
| | temperature |- Check voltage | R
||BAT.T| | | . If normal: | R
| | | LAND AS SOON AS PRACTICABLE | R
| | | . If above 31.5 volts: | R
| | | - BAT set ON, | R
| | | - GENE set OFF, | R
| | | - Unnecessary equipment OFF. | R
| | | LAND AS SOON AS PRACTICABLE | R
| | | |
| | | |
| | Engine oil |- Reduce power. |
| |PH M| | pressure |- Check engine oil pressure indicator : |
| | alarm | . If pressure is low or zero read |
| | | torquemeter : |
| |ENG P| | | . If reading very low, shut down engine |
| | | . If reading correct, |
| | | LAND IMMEDIATELY. |
| | | . If both pressure and torquemeter readings |
| | | are correct, |
| | | LAND AS SOON AS POSSIBLE. |
| | | |
| | | |
| LIGHT | FAILURE | PILOT ACTION |
| | | |
| | | |
| | - D.C. power |- Test the D.C. voltage. |
| |GENE| | supply failure |- Check the position of the push-button. |
| | (refer to NOTE 1)|- Attempt to reset. |
| | - Overvoltage |- If unsuccessful : |
| |GEN| | detected | Shed the least essential consumer circuits ;|
| | | continue flight, according to circumstances,|
| | | keeping a close check on voltage (22 volts |
| | | minimum). |
| | | | R
| | | (refer to NOTE 2) | R
| | | | R
| | |- LAND AS SOON AS PRACTICABLE. |
| | | | R
| | | |
| | Battery isolated |- Check the push-button (ON). |
| |BATT| | from the D.C. |- If OFF: switch ON and | R
| | network ; | CONTINUE FLIGHT | R
| |BAT| |no longer charging|- If ON: | R
| |(refer to NOTE 2) | Monitor voltage and | R
| | | LAND AS SOON AS PRATICABLE | R
| | | |
| | | |
||KLAXON| | Horn not set |- Set the horn by actuating the push-button |
| | | situated on the control pedestal panel |
| |HORN| | | (refer to paragraph 1 of this SECTION). |
| | | |
| | | |
| |COMB| | Fuel quantity |- Avoid large attitude changes. |
| | less than 60 | |
| | litres |NOTE : Remaining usable fuel allows |
| |FUEL| | (15.8 US gal) | approximately 18 minutes level flight |
| | | at maximum continuous power. |
| | | |
| | | |
| |PITOT| | Pitot heating |- Check the push-button (ON). |
| (if | system |- Monitor airspeed indicator. |
| fitted)| not energized | |
| | | |
| | | |
||PORTES| | One or both |- Reduce airspeed (120 kt - 222 km/h - 138 MPH|
| |baggage hold side | maximum). |
||DOORS| | doors unlocked |- Check visually that doors are closed. |
| | |- If one or both doors are open, |
| | | or if checking is impossible : |
| |NOTE : If sliding | LAND IF POSSIBLE or CONTINUE FLIGHT at |
| | doors fitted| reduced speed (120 kt - 222 km/h - 138 MPH |
| | refer to | maximum). |
| | relevant |- Maintain low sink rate and flat landing |
| | SUPPLEMENT. | approach. |
| | | |
| | | |
| LIGHT | FAILURE | PILOT ACTION |
| | | |
| | | |
||MOT LIM| | Metal particles | LAND AS SOON AS POSSIBLE |
| | in engine oil | |
| | system | It is prohibited to take off again as long |
||ENG CHIP|| | as the checks scheduled in TURBOMECA |
| | | Maintenance Manual have not been performed. |
| | | |
| | | |
||FILTRE C|| Fuel filter |Reduce engine power, |
| | clogging |. If light goes out, CONTINUE FLIGHT at |
| | | reduced power. |
||F FILT.| | |. If light remains on, |
| | | LAND AS SOON AS POSSIBLE. |
| | | |
| | | |
||LIM BTA| | Metal particles |- CONTINUE FLIGHT avoiding prolonged |
| | detected in TGB | hovering. |
||CHIP TGB|| | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
||LIM BTP| | Metal particles |- Reduce engine power. |
| | detected in MGB |- Monitor MGB.P (PH BTP) and MGB.T (TH BTP) |
||CHIP MGB|| | lights. |
| | | | R
| | | LAND AS SOON AS POSSIBLE. | R
| | | | R
| | | |
| | | |
||P. COMB| | Fuel pressure |- Check fuel pressure : |
| |lower than 0.2 bar| . If pressure is normal, only one pump |
||FUEL P| | on either or | is faulty: CONTINUE FLIGHT. |
| | both pumps | . If pressure is zero, both pumps are |
| | | faulty: CONTINUE FLIGHT at an |
| | | altitude lower than 5000 ft (1524 m). |
| | | |
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
CONTENTS
Pages
1 EXTERIOR CHECKS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 R
2 INTERIOR CHECKS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 R
3 TURNAROUND CHECK - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2
5 STARTING - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4
6 CRANKING - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6 R
8 TAKEOFF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7 R
9 CLIMB - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7 R
12 AFTER LANDING - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 9 R
1 FUEL - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1
SECTION 4.1
OPERATING PROCEDURES
1 EXTERIOR CHECKS R
- These preflight checks can be done without opening any cowlings unless
the helicopter had been parked for more than 2 days or in case of any
visible leak or doubt.
Figure 1
Station 1
Station 2
WARNING: ICE OR SNOW ACCUMULATIONS THAT REMAIN IN OR AROUND THE ENGINE AIR R
INTAKE MAY BE INGESTED AND CAN CAUSE A SUDDEN IN-FLIGHT ENGINE R
FAILURE. R
Station 3
- Oil leaks ........................ No oil under scuppers
- Tail boom and TGB fairings ....... Security (Dzus fasteners locked)
- TGB .............................. Oil level
- Tail unit ........................ Security
- Tail rotor guard (If fitted) ..... Security, condition
Station 4
- Tail rotor head .................
Condition of skin, no impact
laminated, laminated bearing. R
Checked for separation, cracks, etc. R
- Tail rotor blades ................. Visual inspection, no impact R
- TGB and tail boom fairings ....... Security (Dzus fasteners locked)
Station 5
- RH hold .......................... If necessary: open door, check no
loose objects (tie them down), close
door
- Landing gear (cross-members, skids,
wear resistant plates) ........... Security - visual check
- All lower fairing panels ......... Closed
- External power receptacle door ... Closed
- Engine air intake ................ Clean - No foreign object or R
accumulation of ice or snow in or R
around the engine air intake and no R
stagnant water at the drain hole. R
- Engine cowl ...................... Locked. R
- Exhaust cover .................... Removed R
- MGB cowlings ..................... - Check engine oil level (footstep)
- No foreign objects on transmission
deck
- Check cowling closed.
- Hydraulic system ................. Check reservoir fluid level
2 INTERIOR CHECKS R
* Optional
R
5 STARTING
NOTE: The START pushbutton must, in all cases, be held in throughout the
starting sequence.
NOTE: . If the starting cycle has to be aborted, return the fuel flow
control to the closed position, and switch off the fuel pumps
and the generator.
. If the reason for aborting the start is an excessively high t4,
check the battery voltage.
. If voltage is normal, crank the engine in accordance with the R
procedure (refer to paragraph 6) and immediately make a second R
attempt to start, increasing the fuel flow gradually (without R
allowing Ng to drop between cranking and the second attempt R
to start). R
. If the battery voltage falls below 15 Volts during the attempt
to start, it may be impossible to start.
Accumulators check:
.Collective pitch .................... Check correctly locked.
."HYD TEST" (TEST HYDR) pushbutton.... Depress on centre console.
.Warning-caution-advisory panel....... Check HYD flashes.
.Collective and cyclic controls....... Hands on.
.Move the cyclic control 2 or 3 times on each axis (+/- 10% of travel)
and check for accumulator hydraulic assistance on pitch and roll ( no
control loads). Check that forces are felt on the pedals.
."HYD TEST" (TEST HYDR) pushbutton.... Set back in up position.
.Warning-caution-advisory panel....... Check HYD light goes off.
NOTE: In strong wind, perform the hydraulic tests at the nominal power
rating, apply a small cyclic input in the wind direction and
accelerate the engine up to 300 rotor rpm, as fast as is
compatible with t4 limitations, then follow the normal
procedure
* Optional
NOTE: Do not allow NR to remain between 300 and 320 rpm as Ng increases.
6 CRANKING R
The cranking procedure can be perform after an aborted start or for check R
or maintenance purposes. R
Proceed as follow: R
- Check: R
. FFCL .................................. OFF R
. Emergency fuel shut-off lever ......... FORWARD R
. Ng .................................... CHECK ≤ 10% R
. Booster pumps ......................... ON R
. CRANK ................................. PRESS IN for 15 sec. max. R
. CRANK ................................. RELEASE R
- Doors - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Closed
- Navigation * - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - |
- Radio navigation * - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - | Tests, correct
- Radio communication * - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - | operation
* Optional
R
8 TAKEOFF R
- Take off by gradually increasing the collective pitch and maintain hover,
head into wind, at a height of about 5 ft (1.5 m).
- Check that the engine and transmission monitoring instruments are within
their normal operating ranges.
- For transition from hover, increase speed without increasing the power
demand (power required for hover IGE) and without climbing until IAS is
40 kt (74 km/h).
NOTE : The bleed valve flag disappears when the valve closes.
The bleed valve is normally open when the engine is shut down,
during starting and at low power. Opening or closing of the bleed
valve corresponds to an approximate Ng valve, specified in the table
below, as a function of altitude and temperature.
9 CLIMB R
- Keep the same power and climb in altitude, while avoiding to enter the
height/velocity diagram.
- Above 100 ft (30 m) the max. continuous power and the optimum climbing
speed of 55 kt (102 km/h) may be assumed.
- For fast cruise apply Max Continuous Power for the prevailing
conditions permitted by the first of the following two limitations
reached : ΔNg or Torque.
- For recommended cruise, refer to Section 10.
11.1 Approach R
- Final approach should be made into the wind at a low rate of descent
and recommended airspeed of 65 kt (120 km/h).
- Shut off heating*, demisting and air conditioning* systems.
11.2 Landing R
* Optional
12 AFTER LANDING R
At temperatures higher than + 10°C, check that the t4 temp. limits are not
exceeded.
SECTION 4.2
- Set the engine speed to the maximum compatible with the mechanical
limitation (torque equal to or less than 94 %) and Ng limit (MCP). R
The bleed valve flag should not be visible in these conditions.
- Torque - NR - Altitude
and
- OAT - Ng R
The engine power check cannot be carried out at high power level on the
ground with a high-power single-engine helicopter of this type.
50
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TORQUE
CONDITIONS
ENGINE POWER
CHECK
DGAC Approved:
Figure 1
350 B2 4.2
02-46 Page 2
FLIGHT MANUAL
1) ,nnt'
,CeCeO
, then :
t t
NOTE 1 LI.. defective operation (short circuit).
t t~,
L' , defective operation (open circuit).
SECTION 4.3
MISCELLANEOUS PROCEDURES
1 FUEL
| | | | || | | |
| Fuel Quantity |Litres|US gal.|UK gal.|| kg | lb | Remarks |
| | | | || | | |
| | | | || | | |
|Total | 540 | 143 | 119 ||427 |940 |Specific |
| | | | || | |gravity : |
| | | | || | | 0.79 |
|Usable after illumination| | | || | | |
|of low-level light | 60 | 15.8 |13.1 ||47.4 |104 | |
| | | | || | | |
| | | | || | | |
|Unusable | 1.25 | 0.33 | 0.28 || 1 |2.20 | |
| | | | || | | |
| |s.g.= 0.79 |
| CONVERSION TABLE |
| GAUGE READING - CAPACITY/WEIGHT |
| |
|Graduation | Litres | US gal. | UK gal. || kg | lb |
| | | | || | |
| | | | || | |
| 10 | 540 | 143 | 119 || 427 | 940 |
| 9 | 486 | 129 | 107 || 384 | 846 |
| 8 | 432 | 114 | 95 || 342 | 752 |
| 7 | 378 | 100 | 83 || 299 | 658 |
| 6 | 324 | 86 | 71 || 256 | 564 |
| 5 | 270 | 74 | 59 || 213 | 470 |
| 4 | 216 | 57 | 48 || 171 | 376 |
| 3 | 162 | 43 | 36 || 128 | 282 |
| 2 | 108 | 29 | 24 || 85 | 188 |
| 1 | 54 | 14 | 12 || 43 | 94 |
| 0 | 0-3 | 0-0.8 | 0-0.6 || 0-2.3 | 0-5 |
| | | | || | |
SECTION 5
REGULATORY PERFORMANCE DATA
CONTENTS
Pages
1 INTRODUCTION - - - - - - - - - 1
3 AIRSPEED CALIBRATION - - - - - - - - 1
SECTION 5
1 INTRODUCTION
Hovering with wind from any direction has been substantiated over the
entire flight envelope up to winds of 17 kt, although this is not to
be taken as a limit. For example hover at sea level at maximum weight,
for all CG locations, has been substantiated at 30 kt.
3 AIRSPEED CALIBRATION
-
O 50 100 150 200 250 (km/h)
iii iii iii iii iii i i
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50 100 (kt)
CAS
- Point A
Point A is located at a height of 8 ft (2.5 m) at zero airspeed.
- Point B
Point B is located at a height of 25 ft (8 m) for an airspeed of 40 kt
(74 km/h).
Determining variable Points C and O
- Point C
Point C is defined by :
· a constant height of 100 ft (30,5 m)
· a variable airspeed depending on the altitude and on the aircraft
weight as determined by line (C).
- Point O
Point O is defined by :
· a constant zero airspeed
· a variable height depending on the altitude and on the aircraft
weight as determined by line (D).
5 HOVER PEFORMANCE R
6 RATE OF CLIMB R
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DGAC Approved: 350 B2 5.1
02-46 Page 3
FLIGHT MANUAL
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DGAC Approved: 350 B2 5.1
02-46 Page 4
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DGAC Approved: 350 B2 5.1
02-46 Page 5
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DGAC Approved: 350 B2 5.1
02-46 Page 6
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DGAC Approved: 350 B2 5.1
02-46 Page 7
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Fig ure 6
DGAC Approved: 350 82 5.1
02-46 Page 8
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Figure 7
DGAC Approved: 350 82 5.1
02-46 Page 9
FLIGHT MANUAL
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Figure 6
DGAC Approved: 350 82 5.1
02-46 Page 10
FLIGHT MANUAL
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Figure 8
DGAC Approved: 350 B2 5.1
02-46 Page Il
FLIGHT MANUAL
7 NOISE LEVELS R