Civil Works Technical Specification

CIVIL WORKS
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
REF: 02/SPEC/UOI/LJE/2021/REV0
14th November 2021
Issued by,
LIAN JUAN ENGINEERING SDN BHD
www.ljesb.com
Table of Content
Section Subtitle Page Number
1.0 DESCRIPTION 1
2.0 MATERIALS 2
3.0 CONCRETE MIXES 4
4.0 PRODUCTION OF CONCRETE 5
5.0 DISTRIBUTION OF CONCRETE 6
6.0 PLACING CONCRETE 7
7.0 COMPACTION OF CONCRETE BY VIBRATION 9
8.0 CURING & PROTECTION OF CONCRETE 9
9.0 HOT WEATHER CONCRETING 10
10.0 READY-MIXED CONCRETE 10
11.0 CONCRETE COMPRESSING STRENGTH TEST 11
12.0 TEMPERATURE OF FRESH CONCRETE 13
13.0 TEST ON HARDENED CONCRETE 13
14.0 STRUCTURAL TEST 14
15.0 STEEL REINFORCEMENT 15
16.0 FORMWORK & SURFACE FINISH FOR STRUCTURE 17
17.0 FINISHES 20
18.0 PERMISSIBLE DEVIATION FOR IN-SITU CONCRETE & 21
PRECAST CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION
19.0 CONSTRUCTION WITH CONCRETE 22
20.0 STRUCTURE JOINTS 23
21.0 PRECAST CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION 23
STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS
Doc No : SDIS(5)-04 Rev 00
Goncrete
1.0 DESCRIPTION
This work shall consist of the construction of all structures or parts of structures to be
œmposed of Portland cement concrète with or without steel reinforcement, exœpt for
reinforced concrète pipe culverts and Portland cement concrète pavement. The work shall
be carned out all in acœrdance with this Specifîcation and the lines, grade, dimension and
cross-section shown on the Drawings as required by the SO.
2.O MATERIELS
2.1 General
Materials used in the work shall be of the qualities and kinds specified herein and equal
to approved samples. Delivery shall be made sufficiently in advance to enable samples to be
taken and tested if required. No materials shall be used until and unless approved and
materials not approved shall be immediately removed from the works at the Contractor's
expense.
Materials shall be transported, handled and stored on the site or elsewhere in such a manner
as to prevent damage, deterioration or contamination all to the satisfaction of the SO. The
SO reserves the right to inspect any materials to be used on the works at any time and at any
place of storage.
Unless otherwise specified or otherwise agreed to by the SO, materials shall comply with the
appropriate Standards, with preference for materials of local manufacturer. Where the
requirements of the relevant Standards are in conflict with this Specification then this Specification
shall take precedence.
If required, the Contractor shall supply to the SO the appropriate certificate of compliance with the
Standards. Notwithstanding the above, tests shall be carried out as and when directed by the
SO in accordance with the relevant Standards. Materials for tests shall be provided and
delivered by the Contractor at his cost, to an approved laboratory. Testing fees shall be borne
by the Client except that the Contractor shall pay for tests which fail.
2.2 Cement
The cement to be used throughout the work shall be Portland cement obtained from an
approved manufacturer. The cement shall be described under one of the following headings:-
i) Ordinary Portland Cement

the cement shall comply with M.S. 522;
ii) Rapid Hardeninq Portland Cement

the cement shall œmply with M.S. 522;
iii) Moderate Sulphate Resisting Portland Cement

the cement shall comply with B.S. 12;
iv) Sulphate Resisting Portland Cement

the cement shall somply with B.S. 4027;
v) Low Heat Portland-Blast Fumace Cement

the cement shall comply with B.S. 4246.
Manufacturers certificates of test will, in general, be accepted as proof of soundness.

Additional tests shall be carried out on any cement which appears to have deteriorated
through age, damage to containers, improper storage or any other reason. In any event, the
batch of cement which has been sampled and tested and found not to have complied with the
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Doc No : SDIS(5)-04 Rev 00
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requirements shall be rejected and removed from the Site.
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Doc No : SD-SS(S)-04 Rev 00
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2.2.1 Transportation and storage
The cement shall be transported to the Site in covered vehicles adequately protected against
water. It shall be stored on a timber platform raised above ground in a weather-proof cement
store to the approval of the SO and shall be taken for use in the Works in the order of its
delivery into the store. Cement delivered in bulk shall be stored in silos of an approved design.
2.3 Aggregates
Aggregates shall be naturally occurring sand, gravel or stone, crushed or uncrushed except as
otherwise specified, and shall comply with M.S. 29. They shall be obtained from a source
approved by the SO and shall be hard, strong, durable and clean. They shall be free from
adhering coatings and shall not contain any harmful material in sufficient quantity so as to
affect adversely the strength, durability and impermeability of the concrete.
Marine aggregates shall not be used unless otherwise specified.
2.3.1 Coarse Aggregate
Coarse aggregate shall comply with M.S. 29.
2.3.2 Fine Aggregate
Fine aggregate shall comply with M.S. 29. If it is found necessary, the fine aggregate shall be
washed and screened to the satisfaction of the SO.
2.3.3 Grading
(a) Coarse Aggregate
The grading of coarse aggregate shall be analysed as described in M.S. 30 and shall
be within the limits given in Table 2.1 attached.
(b) Fine Aggregate
The grading of fine aggregate shall be analysed as described in M.S. 30 and shall
be within the limits of one of the grading zones given in Table 2.2.
TABLE 2.2 - FINE AGGREGATE
B.S. 41O
% By Weight
Test Sieve
Passing
Grading Grading Grading Grading
Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4
10.0 mm 100 100 100 100
5.0 mm 90 - 100 90 - 100 90 - 100 95 - 100
2.36 mm 60 - 95 75 - 100 85 - 100 95 - 100
1.18 mm 30 - 70 55 - 90 75 - 100 90 - 100
600 um 15 - 34 35 - 59 60 - 70 80 - \ 00
300 um 5 - 20 8- 30 12 - 40 15 - 50
150 um 0 - 10 0 - 10 0 - 10 0 - 15
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2.3.4 Sampling and Testing of Aggregates
Samples of the fine and coarse aggregates approved by the SO shall be kept on Site, and
shall give a fair indication of the general quality of the aggregates for comparison with the
aggregates delivered during the course of the work. Tests shall be carried out on samples
of the latter taken at intervals as required by the SO. The method of sampling and testing
shall be in accordance with M.S. 30 and other standards as specified in Table 2.3 Any
batch of aggregate rejected by the SO shall be removed from the Site.
TABLE 2.3
Properties Test Methods Limits

Grading M.S. 30 Table 2.1 & Table 2.2
Elongation Index M.S. 30 not exceeding 30%
Flakiness Index M.S. 30 not exceeding 25%
Water Absorption M.S. 30 not exceeding 1.5%
Clay, Silt and Dust M.S. 30 not exceeding 2%
Organic Impurities M.S. 30 not exceeding 0.4%
Aggregate Crushing Value M.S. 30 not exceeding 20%
Soundness Test AASHTO Test loss not exceeding 12%
(Sodium Sulphate) Method T104
Chloride Content B.S. 812 Part 4 not exceeding 0.06% by
weight of chloride irons
Sulphate Content B,S. 1377 Test 9 not exceeding 0.4% by

weight of SO3
2.3.5 Storage of Aggregates
Separate storage facilities with adequate provision for drainage shall be provided for each
different size of aggregate used.
Aggregate shall be handled and stored so as to minimise segregation and contamination.
2.4 Water
Water shall comply with the requirements of M.S. 28. It shall be clean and free from
harmful matter and shall be from a source approved by the SO. The Contractor shall make
adequate arrangements to supply and store sufficient water at the work site for use in mixing
and curinp concrete. All costs for installing and maintaining the supply shall be borne by the
Contractor.
2.5 Admixtures
Suitable admixtures may be used in concrete mixes with the prior approval of or as
directed by the SO.
AJI requirements for sampling, acceptance tests, uniformity tests, independent tests, chloride
content, information to be provided by manufacturer, compliance and storage certificates and
marking shall be in accordance with M.S. 922.
All admixtures shall be used strictly in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.
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2.5 Admixtures cont'd
Before allowing the admixture to be used in the work, relevant tests based on trial mixes shall
be carried out. The trial mix shall be made using job-site materials and under job-site
conditions. A control mix shall be made using a conventional trial mix that is without using
the admixture, to determine the water/cement ratio and mix proportions required to give
the specified strength with the required slump. Using the same mix proportions as in the
control mix, a test shall be prepared using the recommended dosage of the admixture.
The results of relevant tests obtained from the control mix and test mix shall be compared.
The SO may allow the use of the admixture only when the results are found to be
satisfactory and oomparable to the effects as claimed by the manufacturer.
Admixtures which contain calcium chloride or calcium formate as the active constituents shall
not be used for structural concrete containing reinforcement, prestressing tendons or
other embedded metal.
3.0 CONCRETE MIXES
3.1 General
Unless otherwise stated, concrete mix refers to "designed mix". However, "nominal mix™ may
be used in place of "designed mix" provided:
• the works are of minor nature or involving a small quantity of concrete

the SO's approval is given
• the strength of the concrete is still the responsibility of the Contractor.
3.2 Designed Mix
In designed mixes, the strength shall be the main criterion specified, with compliance
to minimum and maximum cement content, and maximum water/oement ratio. The
workability of the mix shall be in accordance with Sub-section 4.4. Mix design shall be
based on a target mean strength not less than the specified characteristic strength plus
7 N/mm2. The Contractor shall design the mix and shail be responsible to ensure that the
mix supplied will give the required properties including strength.
Uniess otherwise specified for protection against aggressive soil conditions, designed
concrete mixes shall comply with the specifications in Table 3.1
TABLE 3.1 - SPECIFICATIONS FOR DESIGNED CONCRETE MIX
Grade 55 50 45 4D 35 30 25 20 15 10
Charactenstic Strength
N/mm2 at 28 days 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15
Minimum cement
content in kg/m3 of fully
compacted concrete 475 425 375 350 350 325 300 270 205 175
Maximum cement
content in kg/m* of fully
compacted concrète 550 SSO 550 SSO 550 550 550 550 550 550
Maximum water/
cement ratio 0.4 0.45 0.45 0.S 0.5 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.7 0.8
Design of mix shall ensure no segregation, no excessive bleeding and ability to achieve
specified surface finish. Segregation and bleeding shall be determined by visual
inspection.
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3.3 Trial Mixes
The Contractor shall give notice to enable the SO to be present at the making of trial
mixes and preliminary testing of the cubes. The Contractor shall prepare trial mixes, using
samples of approved material typical of those he proposes to use in the Works, for all
grades to the satisfaction of the SO prior to commencement of concreting.
Sampling and testing procedures shall be in accordance with M.S. 26. Three
separate batches of concrete shall be made. The workability of each of the three trial
batches determined by means of the slump test, compacting factor test or vebe
consistometer test in accordance with M.S. 26, shall be appropriate to the proposed uses
and methods of placing and compaction of the mix and shall be approved by the SO. Six
cubes shall be made from each batch. Three from each set of six shall be tested at an
age of 7 days and three at an age of 28 days. The average strength of the nine cubes
tested at 2B days shall satisfy the above mentioned target mean strength in Sub-section
3.2. The approved trial mix shall then be designated as the "designed mix" and its
corresponding workability as the "designed workability".
During production, the SO may require additional trial mixes to be made before a
substantial change is made in the materials or in the proportion of the materials to be
used.
3.4 Modification of Mix Design
The SO reserves the right to instruct the Contractor to modify and improve the mix design
from time to time during the progress of work as and when he considers necessary to
meet the requirements. This shall not entitle the Contractor to any extra payment.
4.0 PRODUCTION OF CONCRETE
4,1 Supervision
The Contractor shall ensure the required standard of control over materials and
workmanship. The SO shall be afforded all reasonable opportunity and facility to inspect
the materials and the producton of concrete, to take any samples and to make any test.
4.2 Batching
The quantities of cement, fine aggregate and various sizes of coarse aggregate shall
be measured by weight unless otherwise approved by the SO. A separate weighing
machine shall be provided for weighing the cement. Alternatively the cement may be
measured by using a whole number of bags in each batch. The quantity of water shall
be measured by volume or by weight. Any solid admixtures to be added shall be
measured by weight but liquid or paste admixtures may be measured by volume or
weight.
The batch weight of aggregate shall be adjusted to allow for the moisture content of
the aggregate being used. The accuracy of the measuring equipment shall be within:-
+ 3% of the quantity of cement per batch;
+ 3% of the quantity of water per batch;
+ 3% of the quantity of total aggregate per batch;
+ 5% of the quantity of admixture per batch;
Before commencement of work and subsequently as often as the SO may direct,

measuring equipment shall be calibrated with known weights and volume measured.
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4.3 MIXING
Concrete shall be thoroughly mixed in a batch type mechanical mixer. The quantity of
material in each batch shall not exceed the rated capacity of the mixer. Mixer shall
comply with the requirements of B.S. 1305 or B.S. 4251 where applicable.
Mixing shali continue until the concrete is uniform in colour and consistency.
The mixer shall be operated at the speed recommended by the manufacturer. The mixing
time shall not be less than 2 minutes for portable mixer of 1 cu.m capacity and less.
For larger capacities, the mixing time shall be increased 15 seconds for each additional
cubic metre. For stationary mixing plant operating at high speed the mixing éme required
may be reducecl by the SO after consideration of the manufacturer's specification and the
planfs performance. The mixing time shall be reckoned from the time when all the solid
materials are in the mixer. No portion of the time required for discnarging shall be
considered as part of the mixing time.
The first batch of concrete fed into the drum or pan shall have an increase of an
appropriate amount of dry mortar similar in proportion to that of the concrete to be mixed
and of mixing water for coating the drum or pan.
The entire contents of the drum shall be discharged before the materials for the
succeeding batch are fed into the drum or pan. Mixers which have been out of use for
more than 30 minutes should be thoroughly cleaned before any fresh concrete is mixed
No concrete shall be mixed by hand except with the specific approval of the SO for a
small amount. Where such approval is granted, the Contractor shall at his own expense
increase the proportion of cement by 10%. Mixing shall be continued until the concrete is
of uniform colour and consistency.
4.4 Workability and Consistency
The workability shall be such as to produce a concrete which can be well compacted,
be worked into comers of the shuttering and around the reinforcements, give the
specified surface finish and attain the specified strength. The required workability for any
part of the work shall be determined by the Contractor, subject to the agreement of the
SO. It shall be reviewed during the progress of the work and adjustments shall be
made as necessary subject to the agreement of the SO.
Workability shall be assessed on site at the discharge point of either the mixer or the
ready mixed concrete vehicle by means of the slump test in accordance with M.S. 26.
If the measured slump deviates from the agreed value or designed workability by
more than a25mm or one third of the required value whichever is greater, the conoete
shall be rejected unless the SO decides otherwise.
Other means of assessing workability in accordance with B.S. 8110 may be

considered subject to the agreement of the SO.
No water shall be added to the concrete subsequent to the completion of the mixing.
5.0 DISTRIBUTION OF CONCRETE
5.1 General
The concrete shall be distnbuted from the mixer to the position of placing in the works
by approved means which do not cause segregation or otherwise impair the quality of
the concrete, Concrete which has in the opinion of the SO become unduly segregated
shall be remixed by hand before being deposited in the work.
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5.1 General confd
Details of any proposed pumping conveyor belt or chuting plant must be approved by the
SO before such plant is delivered to the site.
All distributing equipment shall be cleaned before commencing mixing and distribution of the
concrete and such equipment shall be kept free from set concrete.
5.2 Concrète Pumps and Pipelines
The rate of supply shaft match with the rate of pumping.
Prior to commencement of pumping, check must be carried out to ensure that the
feeder hopper and the pipelines are free from obstruction, the coupling pipe joints are
properly tightened and the pipeline is firmly secured and anchored. Pipeline and its
support must not be rigidly connected to formwork.
Pumping shall commence first with blowing of water through the pipeline followed by
cement mortar, both of sufficient quantities and all these shall be discharged away from
the area to be concreted.
Pumping and the agitator inside the feeder hopper shall normally be operated in a continuous
manner. When a stoppage is unavoidable, the concrete inside the hopper must be
maintained at a level high enough to prevent any entry of air into the pipeline to form an
air pocket. For temporary stoppage, the concrete in the pipeline shall be moved
occasionally by a few strokes of the piston of the pump, thus preventing it from sticking.
Pumping shall be stopped in the following occasions:-
presence of foreign matters which may block the valves or pipelines

level of concrete in the hopper is too low
an unsuitable batch of concrete is placed in the hopper
extra lengths of pipe are to be added
Foreign matter and unsuitable batch of concrete must be removed immediately from
the hopper before pumping is resumed.
When extra sections of pipe are to be added, each length or pipe must be thoroughly
wetted inside but no free water shall remain in the pipe.
When the pipeline is exposed to the sun, the line shall be protected against absorption of
heat by covering with damp sacking or straw mats during pumping.
60 PLACING CONCRETE
No concrète shall be placed prior to the SO's approval.
Immediately prior to placing the concrete, the shuttenng shall be well wetted and
inspection openings shall be closed.
The interval between adding the cement to aggregate and the completion of the placing of
the concrète shaft not exceed 30 minutes. When the mix is transported by purpose made
agitators, operating œntinuously, and when retarders are used such interval may be
extended to maximum 2 hours but the interval between the discharge from the agitators
and the placing of the œncrete shall not exœed 20 minutes.
Suspended gangways for the workmen placing and vibrating the concrete are to be
provided wherever possible and so constructed as to avoid damaging and displacing
the reinforcement. Steel fixers and carpenters shall be constantly in attendance while
concreting is in progress to maintain the reinforcement in correct position.
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6.0 PLACING CONCRETE cont'd
Old concrete surface shall be prepared in accordance with Section 19 before placing the new
concrete
Except where otherwise approved, concrete shall be placed in the shuttering by shovels
or other approved implements and shall not be dropped from a height or handled in a
manner which cause segregation. Accumulation of set concrete on the reinforcement
shall be avoided. Concrete shall be placed directly in the permanent position and shall not
be worked along the shuttering to that position.
Any water accumulating on the surface of newly placed concrete shaJl be removed
by approved means and no further concrete shall be placed thereon until such water has
been removed.
No unset concrete shall be brought into contact with unset concrete containing cement of
a different type or manufacture.
Unless otherwise approved, concrete (for beams and similar members) shall be plaCed in
a single operation to the full thickness and concrete (in walls, columns and similar
members) shall be placed in horizontal layers each not exceeding 1m deep. Placing of
concrete shall be continuous and temporary interruption shall not normally exceed 30
minutes. At the completion of a specified or approved part, a construction joint as specified in
Section 19 shall be made.
If stopping of concrete placing is unavoidable elsewhere, a construction joint shall be

made where the work is stopped, subject to the arrangement of the SO.
No concrete shall be placed in flowing water. Underwater concrete if deemed unavoidable

by the SO shall be placed in position by tremies or pipelines from the mixer. Concrete to
be placed under water shall be an approved mix with the amount of cement increased by
20%. During and after concreting under water, pumping or dewatering operations in the
immediate vicinity shall be suspended until the SO permits them to continue. Where
the concrete is placed by a tremie, the following requirements shall be applicable:-
i) unless otherwise agreed by the SO, when concreting of bored piles is being
carried out under water, temporary casing shall be installed to the full depth of the
boreholes so that fragments of ground cannot drop from the sides of the hole into
the concrete as it is placed;
ii) the hopper and tremie pipe shall be a closed system. The bottom of the tremie
shall be kept as far as practicable beneath the surface of the placed concrete;
iii) the tremie pipe shail be large enough with due regard to the size of aggregate.
For 20 mm aggregate the tremie pipe shall be of diameter not less than 150 mm
and for larger aggregate, larger diameter tremie pipe shall be required;
iv) unless otherwise agreed by the SO, the first charge of concrete shall be placed
with a sliding plug pushed down the tube ahead of it to prevent mixing of concrete
and water;
v) the tremie pipe shall always penetrate well into the concrete with an adequate
margin of safety against accidental withdrawal if the pipe is surged to discharge
the concrete;
vi) the concrete shall be deposited wholly by tremie and the method of deposition
shall not be changed part way up to prevent the laitance from being entrapped
within the structure;
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6.0 PLACING CONCRETE cont'd
vii) all tremie pipes shall be scrupulously cleaned after use.
7.0 COMPACTION OF CONCRETE BY VIBRATION
All concrete shall be compacted to produce a dense homogeneous mass. Unless

otherwise agreed by the SO it shall be compacted with mechanical vibration. Sufficient
numbers of vibrators in serviceable condition shall be used on site to compact the
concrete at the rate at which it is placed, and adequate number of standby vibrators shall
be readily available for use in case of breakdowns.
Vibrators shall be of sturdy construction, adequately powered and capable of transmitting

to the concrete not less than 10,000 cycles per minute for internal type and 3,000 cycles
per minute for external type.
When screed vibrators are used for the compaction of concrete, two passes shall be
made, one for compacting and one for finishing. For the compacting pass, the
concrete shall, before application of the screed, be roughly levelled off at a
predeterminecl height above the level of the forms - this height or surcharge shall be fixed
by the SO during trial on the first slab to be compacted in this manner.
Compaction shall be obtained by lifting the screed forward in increments onto the surcharged
ooncrete and keeping it in position after each increment of forward movement until
the concrete beneath the screed has settled to the level of the forms. The finishing pass
shall be made at a sufficiently short interval after the compacting pass to enable any
further finishing or floating required to be done by hand to be completed before the
concrete attains its initial set.
Vibration, with any type of vibrator, shall not be continued in any one spot to the extent
that pools of grout are formed. Care shall be taken to avoid any disturbance of concrete
which has become too stiff to regain plasticity when vibrated.
Vibration shall not be applied by way of the reinforcement. Where vibrators of the
immersion type are used, contact with reinforcement and all inserts shall be avoided
so far as is practicable.
Vibration shall not be used as a means of distributing heaped concrete into position
After being compacted and finished, the concrete must be left absolutely undisturbed
while setting.
B.0 CURING AND PROTECTION OF CONCRETE
API fresh concrete shall be protected by approved means from rain, sun and drying wind.
It shall be kept free from any vibrational disturbance. Exposed surfaces of concrete are to
be kept moist and covered for 7 days after placing, with a material such as polythene
sheet or a curing compound or with an absorbing material which is kept damp by frequent
watering.
Concrete placed below the ground shall be protected from falling earth during and
after placing. Concrete placed in ground containing deleterious substances shall be kept free
from contact with such ground and with water draining therefrom, during placing and for a
period of 3 days or as otherwise instructed thereafter.
The groundwater around a structure below the ground shall be kept to an approved level
by pumping, or the works shall be flooded or other approved means taken to prevent
flotation. Approved means shall also be taken to protect immature concrete from damage
by debris, excessive loading, vibration, deleterious groundwater, mixing with earth or other
materials, flotation and other influence that may impair the strength and durability of the
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concrete.
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8.0 CURING AhID PROTECTION OF CONCRETE cont'd
Concrete damaged through improper or insufficient curing shall be made good at the
Contactor's expense.
9.0 HOT WEATHER CONCRETING
When placing concrete in hot weather, concreting shall be completed as quickly as

possible and continuity of construction maintained
After concreting, exposed surfaces shall be protected from the sun and as soon as the
concrete has hardened sufficiently, be covered and kepl moist by approved means.
Where directed by the SO, exposed surfaces shall be sprinkled with a fine spray of water
soon after concreting in order to prevent plastic shrinkage cracking.
The sub-grade and formwork shall be sprinkled with water before concreting. All pools of
water formed through excessive sprinkling shall be removed.
In important structural members and in exceptionally hot weather and drying winds, the
Contractor may be required to confine concreting to the cooler parts of the day.
10.0 READY-MIXED CONCRETE
Ready-mixed concrete may be used subject to the approval of the SO.
The Contractor shall Mrnish the name of his ready-mixed concrete supplier to the SO for
approval, He shall make such arrangements as may be required for the SO to inspect his
supplier's work and provide all facilities for samples of cement, fine and coarse aggregates
and admixture to be taken for testing.
Notwithstanding any such inspection made and/or approval given by the SO, the
Contractor shall take full responsibility for ensuring that all ready-mixed concrete supplied
shall conform to M.S, 523 and this Specification. Concrete that does not comply with this
Specification shall be rejected and removed from site.
The Contractor shall furnish to and obtain the approval of the SO at least 1 day in advance
of the date set for each casting of concrete, the number of transit trucks/truck mixers/truck
agitators proposed to be used to supply the concrete and the frequency at which the loads
of concrete are to be delivered to the site.
For each truck load of concrete delivered the following information shall appear on the
delivery docket:-
name of ready-mixed concrete batch plant
senal number of docket
date and license number of the truck
name of the purchaser
name and location of job
• specified characteristic concrete strength and the amount of cement used (kg) or
the mix proportions
quantity of concrete
• time of loading or of first mixing of cement and aggregate, whichever is earlier

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8.0 CURING AI‘JD PROTECTION OF CONCRETE cont'd
agreed slump
maximum size of coarse aggregates specified
trade name and dosage of admixture, if any
the signature of the SO's representative who shall aJso enter the time of arrival of the
truck and the time of completion of discharge
position where concrete is placed
• number of cubes taken, if any, and cube references
any other requirements as may be instructed
One copy of the docket shall be given to the SO on delivery.
The SO reserves the right to instruct the Contractor to change the supplier due to
unsatisfactory performance or to rescind his approval for further use of ready-mixed concrete
during the progress of the works, if any of the requirements has, in his opinion, not
been satisfactorily complied with.
While it is not being discharged, the concrete in a transit truck/truck mixer/agitator shall be
kept continuously agitated.
The concrete shall be placed in its final position and left undisturbed within 2 hours from
the tme when the cement was added to the mix.
11.0 CONCRETE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH TESTS
11.1 General
The compressive strength of concrete shall be measured by crushing tests on nominal 150
mm cubes. Tests shall be carried out in an approved Testnp Laboratory.
11.2 Sampling and Testing
All sampling, curing and testing of cubes shall be carried out in aocordance with M.S. 26.
A sample shall be taken from a randomly selected batch of concrete chosen by the SO.
The sample shall be obtained by taking a number of increments in accordance with M.S.
26, and whenever practicable, at the point of discharge from the mixer or ready-mixed
truck. Six cubes shall be made from each sample. Three of these cubes chosen by the
SO shall be tested at 28 days and the average of the three results shall be taken as the
test result. The remaining three cubes shall be tested at 7 days.
11.3 Rate of Sampling for Testing
On each concreting day, the indicative sampling rate shall be as follows:-
1 sample per 1D cu.m or part thereof for critical structures e.g. masts, cantilevers,
columns
1 sample per 50 cu.m or part thereof for intermediate structures e.g. slabs, beams.
bridge decks
1 sample per 100 m.cu or part thereof for heavy concrete construction e.g.
breakwaters and solid rafts
In addition to the above, the SO may at his absolute discretion, instruct the Contractor to
take additional samples.
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11.3 Rate of Sampling for Testing confd
When a particular grade of concrete from a particular source is used for the first time, at least
two samples shall be taken on the first day so that at least two results are available for
compliance determination.
11.4 Compliance Requirements
Compliance with the specified characteristic strength is attained if the average strength
determined from each group of four consecutive test results and if each individual test
result complies with the appropriate limits in columns A and B of Table 11.1 respectively.
Where concrete for the project is supplied by more than one source, the compliance
determination shall be based on the groups of results analysed separately from each source.
Where less than four test results are available for a particular grade of concrete from a
particular source, compliance shall be based on groups of two or three test results (the higher
available number shall be used) in accordance with Table 11.1.
TABLE 11.1 - COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS
A B
Specified Average of first Mo, of Specified Any individual test

Characteristic first three or of four con- Characteristic result is not less
St th secutive test resuJts ex- than the specified
ceeds the specified characteristic
characteristic strength strength minus
by at least
20 and above 3 N/mm2 30 and above 3 N/mm2

Below 20 2 N/mm2 Below 30 2 N/mm2
11.5 Quantity of Concrete Represented by Strength Test Results
i) The quantity of concrete represented by any group of four consecutive test results
shall be the quantity represented by the first to the last test samples in the group.
ii) When a test result fails to comply with the requirements of Column B of Table
11.1, only the quantity of concrete represented by the particular sample shall be
at risk.
iii) The quantity of concrete considered to be represented by a particular sample

shall be the actual sampling rate, i.e. if for a particular pour of Q m.cu, t
samples are taken, then the quantity of concrete represented by a particular
sample shall be
11.6 Action to be Tal‹en in the Event of Non-Compliance
In the event of non-compliance with 11.4, the Contractor shall redesign his mix based on
an increased target mean strength. The section of work represented by the samples
which fail the test shall be removed and repiaced by concrete meeting this Specification.
Alternatively, the SO may direct that other measures be taken to make the works
secure. The SO may instruct that additional tests be carried out on the hardened
concrete.
The results of any such tests shall not nullify the establishment of non-compliance with
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Sub- section 11.4.
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11.6 Action to be Taken in the Event of Non-Compliance cont'd
All works instructed under this subclause shall be at the Contractor's expense and no
extension of time will be granted for such works.
Notwithstanding the above, administraéve charges shall be payable as per Sub-section 11.8.
11.7 Cubes Tested at 7 Days
The average strength of the three cubes tested at 7 days shall be used as an indication
only. If the average strength is less than 0.75 of the characteristic strength, the SO may
instruct that the mix design be modified to increase the mean strength of subsequent
concrete until satisfactory evidence is obtained of its adequacy. If the average 7-day
strength is less than
0.67 of the characteristic strength, no more concrete shall be placed on the suspect concrete
until the 28-days strength is found to comply or unless the SO specifically approves.
Any additional expense and/or delay shall be borne solely by the Contractor.
11.8 Administrative Charge
For non-compliance with 11.4, and administrative charge of $20/m* on the quantity of
concrete at risk shall be deducted from the Contract Sum as follows:-
i) Failure to comply with Columns A and B or Column A only, the quantity of

concrete at risk shall be as defined in Sub-section 11.5 (i).
ii) Failure to comply with Column B only, the quantity of concrete at risk shall be as
defined in Sub-section 11.5 (ii).
When successive group failures lead to the overlap of the quantity of concrete at nsk,
such quantities shall be considered only once.
Deduction of the administrative charge shall not relieve the Contractor of his contractual
liabilities, including the works stated in Sub-section 11.6.
12.0 TEMPERATURE OF FRESH CONCRETE
The temperature of fresh concrete shall be taken in accordance with B.S. 5328.
The temperature at the point of delivery shall not exceed the prevailing shade temperature by
more than 6°C.
13.0 TEST ON HARDENED COHCRETE
13.1 Core Test
The SO reserves the right to direct that samples be cored from any portion of works for
the purpose of examination and testing.
The cutting equipment and method of caring to obtain specimens shall be approved by the
SO.
The specimens shall be dealt in accordance with M.S. 26. Prior to preparation for testing,
the specimens shall be made available for examination by the SO.
The cored portion of the works shall be made good to the satisfaction of the SO.
If the equivalent cube strength of the specimen is less than the appropriate specified
characteristic strength, the concrete in that part of the works of which it is a sample shall
be deemed not to comply with the specified requirements.
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13.1 Core Test cont'd
The Contractor shall bear the costs for the core tests if:-
they are required because of work cube test failure, or

the SO having doubts about the quality of concrete, calls for a core test and the
core test fails.
13.2 Check Test
Consequent upon work cube test failure, the SO may instruct that other appropriate tests
be carried out in accordance with B.S. 8110 on any portion of the works for the
purpose of assessing the strength. The Contractor shall bear all the cost for such test.
14.0 STRUCTURAL TEST
14.1 General
The SO may instruct the Contractor to make a load test on the works or any part thereof if
in the SO's opinion such test is necessary
If the test so instructed is to be made because of:-
cube test failure, or
the finished work, in the opinion of the SO is structurally defective and therefore
unacceptable unless proven otherwise;
then the test shall be made at the Contractor's expense irrespective of the test result.
14.2 Load Test
a) Building Works
For building works the load test shall be done generally in accordance with B.S.
B110.
b) Bndges
The load test shall be the same as that for building works except that the test
loads shall be increased by 15%.
c) Precast Units
Testing of the precast units shall be carried out as and when directed by the SO in
accordance with B.S. 8110. Samples of the precast unit for the tesD shall be
provided and delivered by the Contractor at his cost to an approved Laboratory.
The Contractor shall pay for the testing fees of the precast units which fail to
meet the requirements at this Specification.
Where more than one sample from any sample batch of two or more similar units fail
to satisfy this Specification, then the entire batch of units represented by such samples shall
be liable for rejection by the SO.
For precast concrete members which shall subsequently form parts of composite members,
any of the following methods may be used at the discretion of the SO.-
i) The precast member may be tested along with a load system equivalent to that
producing the most critical conditions in the composite members,
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14.2 Load Test cont'd
ii) The precast member may be made equivalent to the final composite member
by casting the relevant amount of in-situ concrete, and tnen tested as a
composite member.
14.3 Test Results
If the result of any of the test is not satisfactory, at the SO's instruction, that part of the
works shall be rejected and reconstructed to comply with this Specification, or other
approved measures be taken to make the works secure. all at the Contractor's expense.
No extension of time shall be entertainecl in this connection.
15.0 STEEL REINFORCEMENT
15.1 Description
The work shall consist of furnishing and placing reinforcing steel in accordance with
this Specification and in conformity with the Drawings or as directed by the SO.
15.2 Materials
Hot rolled mild steel and high yieJd bars shall comply with the requirements of M.S. 146,
as denoted on the Drawings. Cold worked steel bars shall comply with the requirements of
B.S. 4461. Hard drawn mild steel wire shall comply with the requirements of M.S. 144.
Steel fabric reinforcement shall comply with the requirements of M.S. 145 and shall
be delivered to the Site in flat sheets.
Bar-mats shall conform to the requirements of M.S. 146 and shall consist of bars of the
sizes and spacing as shown on the Drawings.
Dowel bars shall be plain round bars conforming to the requirements of M.S. 146. They
shall be free from burring or other deformations restricting slippage in the concrete.
Dowel bar sleeves used for debonding shall be of approved synthetic material. The
closed end of the sleeve shall be filled with 25 mm thick compressible foam filler and the
sleeve shall fit tightly over the length of bar to be debonded
The Contractor shall furnish manufacturer's certificates for reinforcement supplied by him,
and these shall be submitted for acceptance by the SO before any material is brought
onto the Site. The characteristic strengths of steel reinforcement are given in Table 13.1
TABLE 13.1 - CHARACTERISTIC STRENGTH OF STEEL REINFORCEMENT
Characteristic
Nominal Sizes
Designation Strength,
(mm)
fy (N/sq.mm)
Hot rolled grade 250 (M.S. 146) All sizes 250
Hot rolled grade 460 (M.S. 146) AJI sizes 460
Cold Worked (B.S. 4461) API sizes 460
Hard drawn steel wire (M.S. 144) Up to and 485

including 12
Binding wire shall be 1.6 mm diameter soft annealed steel wire complying with the
requirements of B.S. 1052.
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15.2 Materials
The Contractor shall, on request, fumish the SO with sample reinforœment brought onto
the Site, not withstanding any previous acceptance on the manufacturer's test certificates.
15.2 Materials
The reinforcement represented by the sample may be rejected by the SO and shall, if it
fails to meet the Specification, require its removal from the Works Site.
Steel reinforcement shall be stored in clean and dry conditions. When placed in the Works
it shall be clean and free from loose rust, mill scale, oil, grease, paint, dirt or anything
which may reduce its bond with concrete.
If directed by the SO the steel shall be brushed or otherwise cleaned before use, at
the Contractor's expense.
15.3 Construction Methods
15.3.1 Cutting and Bending of Reinforcement
Bars shall be of their correct lengths and bent to the exact shapes required before being fixed
in the work.
Bars shall be cut and bent cold by the application of slow, steady pressure or in an
approved bar-bending machine. Bending at temperature in excess of 100 degree
Centigrade may only be carried out with the SO's approval and under his supervision.
Except where otherwise indicated on the Drawings, bars shall be bent and measured in
accordance with B.S. 4466.
Cold worked and hot rolled bars shall not be straightened or bent again once having been
bent. Where it is necessary to bend mild steel reinforcement already cast in the concrete.
the internal radius of bend shall be not less than twice the diameter of the bar.
Special care shall be taken that the overall length of bars with multiple bends is accurate
and that after bending and fixing in position the bars remain in place without wrap or twist.
15.3.2 Fixing of Reinforcement
The number, size, length, form and position of all reinforcing bars, links, stirrups, spacer
bars and other parts of the steel reinforcement, shall be in accordance with the Drawings.
Reinforcement shall be secured against displacement. Unless specified otherwise,

the actual concrete cover shall be not less than the required nominal cover minus 5
mm. Nominal cover is measured from the concrete surface to the outermost
reinforcement including links. In any case, covers shall not be less than the diameter
of the bar and for bundle bars, the cover shall not be less than the size of a single bar of
equivalent area.
Unless otherwise permitted by the SO, all intersecting bars shall be tied together with binding
wire and the ends of the wire shall be turned into the main body of the concrete.
The Contractor shall take particular care that the reinforcement is laid out correctly in
every respect and temporarily suspended by annealed wire or supported on concrete
blocks or other approved spacers in the forms to prevent displacement before or during the
placing and compacting on concrete.
Stirups and distance pieces shall be kept tight to the bars they embrace or support and all
reinforcement shall be kept away fiom the face of the concrete at the distances shown on
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the Drawings,
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15.3.2 Fixing of Reinforcement cont'd
No concrete shall be placed until the reinforcement has been inspected and approved by
the SO
Reinforcement temporarily left projecting from the concrete at construction or other joints
shall not be bent out of position during the periods in which ooncreting is suspended
except with the approval of the SO.
1S.3.3 Splicing
Laps and joints including lapping bars, sleeving, threading and other mechanical connections
shall be made strictly in accordance with the method specified and at the positions shown
on the Drawings or as otherwise approved by the SO.
15.3.4 Supporting and Spacer Blocks
Supporting and spacer blocks required for ensuring that the reinforcement is correctly
positioned shall be as small as possible consistent with their purpose, of a shape
acceptable to the SO, and designed so that they will not overturn when the concrete is
placed. They shall be made of concrete with 10 mm maximum aggregate size and they
shall be of at least the same strength and material source as the adjacent concrete. Wire
cast in the block for the purpose of tying it to the reinforcement shall be described in
Sub-Section 15.2. Other types of spacers may be used only with the approval of the SO.
15.3.5 Welding of Reinforcement
Reinforcement in structures shall not be welded except where detailed on the Drawings or
required by the Specification. If the reinforcement needs to be welded, the reinforcement
shall comply with the requirements of B,S. 4360.
Welding shall be carried out in accordance with B.S. 5135 and B.S. 638. Butt welds shall
be of the double V type and two butt weld bond tests shall be carried out on a
specimen prepared to represent each form of butt welded joint used in welding the
reinforcement and for each position of welding.
The method of making butt weld tests shall be that laid down in B.S. 709. The
specimen shall pass the test to the satisfaction of the SO before approval is accorded to
use the joint which the specimen represent.
Welded joints shall not be made at bends in reinforcement. Unless otherwise approved by
the SO, joints in parallel bars of the principal tensile reinforcement shall be staggered in
the longitudinal direction at a distance not less than the end anchorage length for the bar.
ÆI weiding shall be performed by a competent welder approved by the SO.
The SO shall be informed in advance of when welding is to be carried out so that he

may supervise and inspect the work. Welding shall not be performed in the field during
rain or other adverse conditions.
16.0 FORMWORK AND SURFACE FINISH FOR STRUCTURE
16.1 Design and Construction
16.1.1 Description
Formwork shall include all temporary or permanent forms required for forming the
concrete, together with all temporary construction required for their support.
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16.1.1 Descûption ... œnt'd
The design and construction of formwork shall be carried out by competent persons.
Where required by the SO, strength and deflection calculations and drawings of the
proposed formwork shall be submitted by the Contractor for prior approval. Not
withstanding any approval by the SO with respect to the design submitted by the
Contractor, the responsibility or the adequacy and safety of the design shall remain with
the Contractor.
The formwork shall be sufficiendy rigid and tight to prevent loss of grout or mortar from the
concrete at all stages of construction and shall be appropriate for the methods of placing
and compacting.
Formwork (including supports) shah be sufficiently rigid to maintain the forms in their
correct position, shape, profile and dimensions. The supports shall be designed to
withstand the worst combination of forces due to self weight, formwork weight,
formwork forces, reinforcement weigM, wet concrete weight, construdion and wind
loads, together with all incidental dynamic effects caused by placing, vibrating and
compacting the concrete.
The Contractor shall be required to make allowances for any settlement or deflection
of formwork which is likely to arise during construction so that the hardened concrete
conform accurately to the specified line and level within the tolerance specified in Section
18. Unless otherwise shown on the drawings, the soffits of beams and slabs of 6 m span
and over shall be given a camber towards the centre of 5 mm for every 3 m of span. In
the case of post- tensioned floors, the Contractor shall provide sufficient adjustable steel
props to ensure that the load of any one floor is carried by two stressed noors at all
times unless that floor has been stressed. For post-tensioned walls or beams, the
Contractor must consult the SO before eredion of the formwork.
Formwork across structure joints shall be erected such that it overlaps adjoining
finished concrete by at least 150 mm and held tighdy to it. Formwork shall run
continuously across construction joints.
Where internal metal ties are pemitted they or their removable parts shall be
extracted without damage to the concrete and the remaining holes filled with mortar of
the same strength as the cast concrete. No permanently embedded metal parts shall
have less than the specified cover to the finished concrete surfbce. Except for ties used
for anchoring void formers all ties shall be at least 1.2 metres apart and through bolts will
not be permitted on exposed faces. All holes left by ties shall be made good within one
day of the removal of the formwork using a mortar of the same strength as the cast
concrete.
The formworh shall be so arranged as to be rœdily dismantled and removed from the east
œncrete without shock, disturbance or damage. Where necessary, the formwork shall be
so arranged that the soffit form, properly supported, can be retained in positon 1br such
period as may be required by the condition of the maturing œncrete or the
Specificaton. If a œmponent is to be prestressed whilst still resting on the solfit form,
provision shaw be made to allow for elastic deformation and any vibration in weight
distribuüon. As far as practiœble, formwork joints shall coinôde with construction joinB.
16.1.2 Voide In Concrète
Voids, where shown on the Drawings, shall be formed with non-recoverable void formers
of expanded polystyrene, or by other methods approved by the SO. They shall not
deviate by more than 12 mm from the positions shown on the Drawings, nor shall the
cross-section deviate from the specified shape by more than 12 mm.
Void formers shall be secured and adequately anchored to prevent movement or flotation
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outside the limits specified above, during the concreting operation.
Anchor ties secured to the soffit form will be permitted providing they comply with the
requirements of Sub-section 16.1.1.
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16.1.2 Voids In Concrete cont'd
Void formers of expanded polystyrene need not be vented. Hollow void formers shall
be vented by the provision of 50 mm diameter holes between each void and the soffit
at positions approved by the SO.
As soon as possible and at least three (3) months prior to the casting of the first deck slab
with voids, the Contractor shall construct a model of a size and form to be agreed with the SO
using the proposed farmers, methods of fixing, and simulating reinforcement and
prestressing cable ducts, to demonstrate that the proposed methods of fixing the formers and
placing concrete around them and the reinforcement will produce voids within the tolerances,
surrounded with properly compacted concrete of the required strength.
The attention of the Contractor is drawn to the inflammation nature of expanded

polystyrene and he shall take all necessary precautions to minimise the risk of fire.
Concreting of voided slabs in structures shall not commence until the model test has been
completed and approved by the SO.
16.1.3 Projecting Reinforcement, Fixing Devices
Where holes are needed in form to accommodate projecting reinforcement or fixing

devices, care shall be taken to prevent loss of grout when concreting or damage when
removing forms.
16.2 Preparation of Formwork Before Concreting
Before concreting, all forms shall be thoroughly cleaned out, free from sawdust shavings,
dust, mud or other debris.
The inside surfaces of forms shall, except for permanent formwork, or unless
otherwise agreed by the SO, be coated with an approved non-staining form oil or
other approved material to prevent adhesion of the concrete. Such release agents shall
be applied strictly in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and shall not come
into contact with the reinforcement or prestressing tendons and anchorages. For any
exposed surface only one release agent shall be used throughout the entire area. Diesel
oil and liquid which retard the setting of the concrete shall not be used.
All formwork shall be inspected by the SO after preparation and immediately prior to
depositing concrete an no concrete shall be deposited until approval of the formwork has
been obtained from the SO.
16.3 Removal of Formwork
Formwork supporting cast-in-situ concrete shall not be removed unless:-
i) such removal will not result in unacceptable deflections due to shrinkage, creep, etc.
ii) such removal has been accounted for in the sequence of construction which has
been previously agreed upon between the Contactor and the SO.
iii) the cube strength of the cast concrete is 10 N/mm.cu or twice the stress to which
it will then be subjected, whichever is higher
In the absence of the cube test result and stress calculations, the minimum periods before
striking of the formwork for ordinary Portland cement concrete, as given in Table 16.1,
may be accepted by the SO provided that:-
• the requirements of the proceeding paragraph's subclause (i) and (ii) are satisfied;
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16.3 Removal of Formwork cont'd
the Contractor accepts the responsibility for the strength of the concrete as required
by the prooeeding paragraph's subclause (iii)
In any event, no formwork or support shall be struck or removed without the SO's consent
in writing. Striking or removal of formwork shall be done only in the presence of the
SO's representative at site.
TABLE 16.1 - MINIMUM PERIOD FOR STRIKING FORMWORK
Minimum Period For Ordinary

Location Portland Cement Concrete
Sides of columns, walls and beams 9 hrs

Soffits of slabs (props left under) 3 days
Soffits of beams (props left under) 7 days
Props to slabs 10 days
Props to beams 14 days
A!I formwork shall be removed without damage to the concrete. The Contractor shall
be responsible for any injury to the work and any consequential damage caused by or
arising from the method adopted for the striking or moving of the formwork or supports.
Immediately after the removal of the formwork, it is the Contractor's responsibility to notify the
SO for inspection and any remedial treatment required by the SO shall be carried out
without delay. Any remedial treatment which has been carried out before the SO's
inspection and approval shall render the member liable for rejection.
17.0 FINISHES
17.1 Concrete to Receive Applied Finish
When the concrete is to receive an appJied finish, the formwork shall be made of
closely jointed wrought boards. Alternatively, steel or other materials may also be used,
subject to the SO's agreement. On removal of the formwork and upon SO's inspection,
defects shall be treated as provided in 16.3. The concrete face shall then be roughened by
approved means to form a key before the finish is applied.
17.2 Slabs to Receive Topping
The top face slab intended to receive topping shall be first spaded and then left
roughened with approved means.
Just prior to placing the topping, the base slab shall be thoroughly cleaned, prepared for bond
and wetted. No pools of water shall be left standing on the wetted surface. A thin coat
of neat cement grout shall be applied onto the surface of the slab for a short distance
ahead of the topping The wearing surface shall be applied before the grout has
hardened.
When surface hardeners are required to be used, the Contractor shall submit for the SO‘s
approval, the type, colour, composition, details of manufacture and the manufacturer's
method of use. Any hardener consisting of soluble alkaline compounds, rust and
materials designed to disguise rust shall not be allowed to be used. Upon approval of
the type, the application of the hardener shall be as specified by the manufacturer.
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17.3 Permanently Exposed Concrete Finishes Derived from Formwork
The formwork for permanendy exposed concrete shail be specially designed to provide
the required finish. The faces of the formwork against which the concrete is to be placed
shall be hard and with a wrought finish or lined with an approved non-staining form lining if
required. An approved non-staining form oil shall be used to coat the face to facilitate easy
removal of the formwork. The entire formwork shall be suñciently ngid to give true finish.
Before commencement of wark, the SO may require samples panels to be erected.

The finish as approved by the SO must be maintained throughout the Contract. The
number of reuses permitted for timber formwork shall be subject to approval of the SO.
The texture and quality of the surface finish shall be consistently maintained throughout
the project. The type of cement, formwork materials, form oil and the source of the
aggregate shall remain unchanged at all stages of the project. The Contractor shall,
at the commencement of the work, ensure that adequate supplies of these materials are
available for the duration of the construction.
During the placing of the concrete, the Contractor shall take special care to
thoroughly oompact the concrete especially in areas nearer the formwork in order that
the finished surface is free of water and air holes.
After the formwork is carefully removed, the Contractor shall notify the SO who shall
inspect the surface. If instructed by the SO, the Contractor shall then proceed to
remove any fins and wash down the surface.
Thereafter, only the most noticeable surface blemishes shall be filled with a cement and
fine aggregate paste, the colour of which shall match the colour of the concrete.
All finished work shall be very well protected from damage, staining, discolouration and
any other defect at all stages of construction.
17.4 Slab Finish Without Topping
The top face of a slab which is not to be covered with other materials shall be Jevelled
and floated while unset to a smooth finish at the levels or falls shown on the drawings
or elsewhere. The floating shall be done so as not to bring an excess of mortar to the
surface of the concrete. Indentation in the surface of the concrete shall be formed by
approved implements to the depths and patterns described.
18.0 PERMISSIBLE DEVIATION FOR IN-SITU CONCRETE AND PRECAST CONCRETE

CONSTRUCTION
The Contractor's attention is drawn to the values of permissible deviation given in Table 18.1.
(Refer to page 25 & 26) Unless otherwise stated in this Specification or the drawings, any
constructed concrete work after removal of the formwork which deviates from the intended
size or position by more than the permissible values given in the table, shall either be
liable for rejection or subject to the approval of the SO, be rectified at the Contractor's
expense.
These permissible deviations shall not apply to the fabrication of the formwork.
In the case of prefabricated member, it shall be the responsibility of the Contractor to

ensure appropriate fit notwithstanding the general permissible deviations given in Table
18.1.
Notwithstanding the permissible deviations mentioned in this clause, the Contractor shall
be responsible for the architectural finishes and components.
When directed by the SO, the Contractor shall provide the necessary manpower and tools for
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measuring the accuracy of the constructed in-situ and precast concrete works.
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19.0 CONSTRUCTION WITH CONCRETE
19.1 Construction Joints
The position and detaii of any construction joints not described in the Contract shall be subject
to the approval of the SO and shall be so arranged as to minimise the possibility of the
oocurrence of shrinkage cracks.
If for any reason the Contractor has to interrupt a planned pour for more than 45 minutes (or
any other period of time as approved by the SO if admixture is used), additional construction
joints shall be positioned and constructed as directed by the SO.
The number of construction joints shall be kept as few as possible consistent with reasonable
precautions against shrinkage. Concreting shall be carried out continuously up to construction
joints. The joints snall be at right angles to the general direction of the member and shall take
due account of shear and other stresses.
Concrete in a beam shall be placed throughout without a joint, but if the provision is
unavoidable, the joint shall be vertical and at quarter span as far as possible.
Concrete shall nat be allowed to run to a feather edge and vertical joints shaJl be formed against a
stop board. The top surface of a layer of concrete shall be level and flat unless design
oonsiderations make this undesirable. Joint lines shall be so arranged that they coincide with
features of the finished work, wherever possible.
At horizontal construction joints, gauge strips about 25 sq.mm in section shall be placed inside
the forms along all exposed surfaces to ensure a straight joint on those surfaces.
If a kicker (i.e. starter stuD) is used it shall be at least 70 mm high and carefully constructea. It
is preferable for the kicker to be incorporated with the previous concrete. Where possible,
the formwork shall be designed to facilitate the preparation of the joint surface, as the
optimum time for treatment is usually two to four hours after placing.
Where vertical construction joints are necessary in mass concrete structures, reinforcing bars
shall be placed across the joints so as to make the structure monolithic, all to the satisfaction
of the SO.
Prior to recommencement of concreting on a joint, the surface of the concrete against which
new concrete will be cast shall be free from laitance and shall be roughened to the extent
that the largest aggregate is exposed but not disturbed. Care shall be taken to avoid
damaging the lines of the joint. Care shall also be taken that the joint surface is clean and
damp but not wet. Immediately before the fresh concrete is placed against the joint, fresh
cement mortar shall be applied to the exposed surface.
Where the SO considers that special preparation is necessary, e.g. for an in-situ
structural connection, preparation shall be carried out, preferably when the concrete has
set but not hardened, by spraying with a fine spray of air and water or brushing with a stiff
brush sufficiently to remove the outer mortar skin and expose the larger aggregates
without disturbing them. Where this treatment is impracticable, sand blasting or a needle gun
shall be used to remove the surface skin and laitance. Hardened surfaces shall not be
hacked.
19.2 Fixing Blocks, Brackets, Built-In-Bolts, Holes, Chases, etc.
All fixing blocks, brackets, built-in-bolts, holes, chases, etc., shall be accurately set out
and farmed and carefully sealed prior to the concrete being placed. No cutting away of
concrete for any of these items shall be done without the permission of the SO
Bolts and other inserts to be cast into the concrete shall be securely fixed to the formwork in
such a way that they are not displaced during the concreting operations, and that there is no
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loss of materials from the wet concrete through holes in the formwork.
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19.2 Fixing Blocks, Brackets, Built-In-Bolts, Holes, Chases, etc. cont'd
Unless shown otherwise on the Drawings or instructed by the SO, reinforcement shall be
locally moved so that the minimum specified cover is maintained at the locations of
inserts, holes, chases, etc.
Temporary plugs shall be removed and the threads of built-in-bolts shall be proved to be free
and shall be greased before handing over any part of the Works.
20.0 STRUCTURE JOINTS
20.1 General
Expansion joints, contraction joinD or other permanent structure joints shall be provided in the
position where shown and be of the form as detailed on the drawings.
If a proprietary make of joint has been shown and the Contractor wishes to use some other make,
this may be permitted if in the opinion of the SO the alternative is in no way inferior. Such
requirements, however, must be verified with the SO.
The installation method and the selection, mixing, application and curing of all materials shall
comply with the drawings and the manufacturer's recommendations.
The joint and its supporting area shall be protected from loading and disturbance until they
have reached adequate strength This shall be done by providing and maintaining suitable
ramps which shall not be removed until permitted by the SO.
20.2 Premould Joint Fillers
Premould joint fillers used for control joints in building shall be non-extruding and resilient
type, impregnated with bitumen emulsion and non-staining.
20.3 Waterstop
Heavy duty PVC waterstops of the size and type indicated on the drawings shall be
incorporated in all construction and expansion joints as detailed.
Butt joining shall be carried out on site and nailing to shuttering prior to concreting may be
done where necessary. All joining and placing procedures shall be carried out in accordance
with the manufacturer's recommendations and specifications.
Where movement between two sections is considerable, e g. in subsidence areas, approved

rubber waterstops shall be used.
20.4 Sealant
Joint sealant compound for use in concrete floor slabs shall be polysulphide or approved
equivalent horizontal joint sealing compound.
Joint sealing compound for vertical joints shall consist of one part elastomeric joint sealant
with vulcanised synthetic rubber, highly elastic and suitable tor caulking Cth approved
caulking gun. The colour of the sealant shall be light grey or other matching colour
approved by the SO. All joints surfaces shall be clean and dry before application.
21.0 PRECAST CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION
21.1 Manufacture Off the Site
After the method of manufacture has been approved, no changes shall be made without
the oonsent of the SO.
30/26
00
Goncrete
21.1 Manufacture Off the Site . cont'd
The Contractor shall inform the SO in advance of the date of commencement of manufacture and
casting of each type of item.
When the SO requires tests to be camed out, no items to which the tests relate shall be
dispatched to the Site until the tests have been satisfactorily completed and the results
approved by the SO.
AJI items shall be indelibly marked to show the item mark as described in the Contract,
the production line on which they were manufactured, the date on which the concrete was cast
and, if they are of symmetrical section, the face that will be uppermost when the member is in its
correct position in the Works.
21.2 Storage
When items are stored, they shall be firmly supported only at the points described in the Contract.
The accumulation of trapped water and deleterious matter in the units shall be prevented.
Care shall be taken to avoid rust staining and efflorescence.
Items shall be stacked in such a manner that their removal in correct order of age is facilitated.
21.3 Handling and Transport
Items shall be lifted only at points described in the Contract or otherwise agreed by the SO
and shall be handled and placed without impact. The method of lifting, the type of
equipment and transport to be used, and the minimum age of the items to be handled
shall be subject to the approval of the SO.
21,4 Assembly and Erection
The method of assembly and erection described in the Contract shall be strictly adhered to on
Site.
Immediately a unit is in position, and before the lifting equipment is removed, temporary
supports or connections between items, as necessary, shall be provided. The final structural
connections shall be completed as soon as is practicable.
21.5 Forming Structural Connections
No structural connections shall be made until approval has been given by the SO
Uniess otherwise agreed by the SO, the composition and water/cement ratio of the in-situ
concrete or mortar used in any connection and the packing of joints shall be in accordance
with the assembly instructions.
Levelling devices shall only be released or removed with the approval of the SO.
21.6 Protection
At all stages of construction, precast concrete units and other concrete associated therewith shall
be properly protected to prevent damage to permanently exposed surfaces, especially arrises
and decorative features.
31/26
00
Concrete
18.0 PERMISSIBLE DEVIATION FOR IN-SITU CONCRETE AND PRECAST CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION cont'd
TABLE 18.1 - PERMISSIBLE DEVIATIONS FOR IN-SITU AND PRECAST CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION (VALUE EXPRESSED IN mm)
Items of Type of
Construction Measurements Elements Buildings Bridges
2 per 100 mm or 5 which-ever is 2 per 100 mm or 5 which-ever is

1) Size and shape
a) Cross section dimension Beams, columns and slabs greater subject to a maximum of greater subject to a maximum of
of elements and
+5 or -5 +15 or -5
components
1 per metre or 5 whichever is 1 per metre or 5 whichever is
b) Length Precast members
greater greater
c)* Straightness
measured in any
direction in length of:
Columns, walls and beams
i) 0.5 m 10 5
ii) up to 5 m 20 10
2) Variation in a) Departure of any +15 +15
'FI Columns, beams and walls
position of
! from its position in
elements Foundations +35 +35
plan as shown on the
drawings
COrbOlS
+5 I-5
b) Deviation in the
mean level with +5 +5
reference to the Staircase tread subject to a cumulative total of +10 subject to a cumulative total of +10
nearest TBM between landings between landings
* Maximum deviation from a straight edge placed against any two points.
(To be continued next page)
32/26
00
Concrete
18 PERMISSIBLE DEVIATION FOR IN-SITU CONCRETE AND PRECAST CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION cont'd
TABLE 18.1 - PERMISSIBLE DEVIATIONS FOR IN-SITU AND PRECAST CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION (VALUE EXPRESSED IN mm)
Items of Type of Elements Buildings Bridges

Construction Measurements
3) Variation in level a) Maximum deviation of Structural slabs and beams I-25 +20
level of any point from its
intended level
b) Maximum deviation in
height between the
means levels of adjacent
Ooors for floor to floor
height:
i) 0 to 3 m
ii) above 3 to 6
m iii)above 6 m Not Applicable
c) Difference between
the levels of two points
in a floor/deck up to
30 m (after accounting
for any intended 20 20
difference)
4) Verticality Deviation from the vertical Walls, columns, piers and i) Between any two adjacent floors per metre heiyht subjcct to a
arrises - 3 per metre height max imulv of 20
ii) Any floors from the bottom most

floor — 50
33/26
MARVEL 2 PROJECT
PT UNILEVER OLEOCHEMICAL INDONESIA
STRUCTURAL STEELWORK
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
REF: 03/SPEC/UOI/LJE/2021/REV0
14th November 2021
Issued by,
LIAN JUAN ENGINEERING SDN BHD
www.ljesb.com
Table of Content
Section Subtitle Page Number
1.0 QUALITY OF STRUCTURAL STEELWORK 1

2.0 COPIES OF ORDERS 1
3.0 MARKING OF STEEL 1
4.0 MANUFACTURER’S MILL CERTIFICATE 1
5.0 STORAGE, HANDLING & TRANSPORTATION 1
6.0 SUBSTITUTION OF MEMBERS 2
7.0 SHOP DRAWINGS 2
8.0 FABRICATION 2
9.0 ASSEMBLY & ERECTION 2
10.0 WELDING 3
11.0 BOLTING 4
12.0 RIVETING 5
13.0 INSPECTION 5
14.0 LOAD TESTING 5
15.0 PROTECTION AGAINST CORROSION 5
16.0 SURFACE PREPARATION 6
17.0 METALLIC COATING 8
18.0 PAINTING 9
19.0 BITUMINOUS COATING 9
20.0 CATHODIC PROTECTION 9
00
Structural Steelwork
1.0 QUALITY OF STRUCTURAL STEELWORK
1.1 British Standards
The material for all structural steelwork shall comply with BS 4360.
1.2 Equivalents
Where structural steels complying with other specifications are offered by the Contractor, the
performance requirements listed in Table 1.1 shall comply with those specified in BS 4360.
This shall be demonstrated by testing in accordance with the requirements of BS 4360.
1.3 Steel Sections
Structural steel sections shall in general comply with BS 4 Part 1, BS 1449: Part 1, BS 2994,
BS 4848: Part 2 and Part 4, BS 6363 and others as and when approved by the Engineer.
TABLE 1.1 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL
Performance Requirement Indicated as

1 Yield strength Yield stress
2 Minimum tensile strength Minimum tensile stress
3 Notch toughness Average minimum charpy energy value
at specified temperature
4 Ductility Elongation in a specified gauge length
S Weldability Maximum carbon equivalent value
6 Ouality of finished steel Complying with BS 4360
2.0 COPIES OF OROERS
Two copies of all orders and suborders placed by the Contractor shall be forwarded to the
Engineer.
3.0 MARKING OF STEEL
Steel shall be marked in accordance with BS 4360. Where steels of different grades are used,
they shall, with the exception of Grade 43A, have additional marking as specified by the Engineer.
4.0 MANUFACTURER'S MILL CERTIFICATE
The Contractor shall supply the Engineer with the Manufacturer's Mill Certificate in accordance
with BS 4360. Notwithstanding this, test pieces shall (as and when required by the Engineer)
be prepared and tested according to BS 4360.
5.0 STORAGE, HANDLING ACID TRANSPORTATION
All structural steels, before and after fabrication, shall be stored, handled and transported
by approved means to avoid excessive stresses, deformation, damage and risks to corrosion.
The steels shall be stored clear of the ground on concrete or timber floor under cover and well
protected from the egects of weather unless otherwise agreed by the Engineer.
1/9
00
6.0 SUBSTITUTION OF MEMBERS
Proposal for substitution of alternative sections/sizes for members shown on the drawings
may be considered provided no extra cost is incurred. A list of the proposed substitutions
with sketches and revised joints and others details must also be submitted for the approval
of the Engineer.
7.0 SHOP DRAWINGS
The Contractor shall prepare his shop drawings and calculations showing grade of steel,
sizes, dimensions and details required for the purpose of fabrication and erection. Prior to
fabrication, two copies of the shop drawings shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval.
Such approval shall not. however, relieve the Contractor of his responsibility for errors and
inaccuracies contained in the shop drawings. The cost associated with the preparation of the
shop drawings is deemed to have been included in the Contract Sum.
B0 FABRICATION
8.1 General
Fabricaton shal in general be carried outin accordance wit BS 5950, Addendum No. lto
BS 449: Part 2 for buildings and BS 5400: Part 3 and Part 6 for bridges unless otherwise
specified by the Engineer. All steelworks shall be fabricated from new sections and in such
manner that they are not bent, twisted or damaged.
B2 Templates
Full size templates necessary for fabrication when required shall be prepared by the
Contractor and subject to the Engineer's approval.
8.3 Cutting
Cutting of steelworks may be shearing, cropping, sawing or machine flame cutting. All cut
edges shall be dressed to a neat workmanlike finish, and shall be free from distortions
8.4 Tolerances
Members and components of rolled and built-up sections shall be checked for tolerances
in accordance with Table 4 and Table 5 of BS 5400: Part 6 unless otherwise specified or
approved by the Engineer.
8.5 Protection of Hollow Section
Unless special protection is provided for by other means, the interior of any hollow members,
whether a strucMral hollow section or a fabricated member, shall be sealed up to prevent
ingress of water.
90 ASSEMBLY AND ERECTION
9.1 General
Assembly and erection of structural steelwork shall be carried out in accordance with BS
5950, Addendum No 1 to BS 449: Part 2 for buildings and BS 5400: Part 3 and Part 6 for
bridges unless otherwise specified by the Engineer.
9.2 Methods of Erection
The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer at least 4 weeks prior to the erection, the method and
sequence of erection, temporary works, details of plant and equipment and their
inspection certificates and all relevant drawings and calculations duly endorsed by a
2/9
00
Professional Engineer,
3/9
00
9.2 Methods of Erection cont'd
for his approval. The Contractor shall ensure that the structure is not subject to excessive
deflection or stresses during erection The approval of the Engineer shall not relieve the
Contractor of his responsibility in ensuring safe and proper execution of the erection work.
9.3 Trial Assembly and Erection
The Contractor shall, when instructed by the Engineer, carry out trial assembly and erection of the
steel structure at the fabrication yard or other convenient location at his own expense.
9.4 Accuracy in the Structure
Unless otherwise specified, all structural steelworks shall be fabricated, assembled and
erected to the accuracies in accordance with BS 5606.
10.0 WELDING
10.1 General
All metal arc welding shall be done in accordance with BS 5135 and to the approval of the
Engineer. Spot welding of cold-formed steel sections shall conform to the requirements of BS
1140
10.2 Welding Electrodes
Electrodes shall be of approved types conforming to BS 639 and shall be kept in dry store
in unbroken packets.
10.3 Details of Welding Procedures
The general procedures for shop and site welds and other details shall be submitted in writing,
in accordance with Clause 23 of BS 5135, to the Engineer for approval before fabncation
10.4 Approval and Testing of Welding Procedure
When required by the Engineer, lhe Contractor shall carry out welding procedure tests in
accordance with BS 4870: Part 1 to demonstrate by means of a specimen on a steel
representative of that to be used, that he can produce satisfactory welds with the
proposed welding procedure.
10.5 Approval and Testing of Welders
The Contractor shall satisfy the Engineer that his welders are suitable for the work upon which
they are employed. Welders working to approved welding procedures shall satisfy the
relevant requirements of BS 4871: Part 1. All other welders shall satisfy Ihe requirements of
BS 4872: Part 1.
10.6 Measurement of Weld Sizes
The Contractor shall provide gauges necessary for the measurement of weld sizes.
10.7 Testing of Weld Quality
As and when required by the Engineer, the following tests shall be carried out to verify the
quality of the weld:
magnetic particle flaw detection test (to BS 6072)
4/9
00
10.7 Testing of Weld Quality cont'd
penetrant fJaw detection test (to BS 6443)
• ultrasonic examination (to BS 3923: Part 1 and Part 3)
• radiographic examination (to BS 2600: Part 1 and BS 2910)
The test shall be carried out by SIRIM or other testing agencies approved by the Engineer.
10.8 Quality of Weld
The quality of the welds shall be assessed in accordance with the details specified in Table 5
of BS 4870: Part 1. Any weld with defects greater than the maximum permitted in Table 5
shall be liable for rejection. The visual inspection of fusion welded joints shall be carried
out in accordance with BS 5269.
10.9 Frequency of Testing
The type and frequency of tes8ng shall be at the discreton of the Engineer.
The oost of testing of welds which fail to meet the requirements of Sub-section 10.8 shall
be borne by the Contractor.
11.0 BOLTING
11.1 Ordinary Bolts and Nuts
Ordinary bolts and nuts shall œmply with BS 3692 or BS 4190 and BS 4933.
AJI ordinary bolts shall be fitted with washers and nuts complying with BS 4320. Nut shall be of at
least the strength grade appropriate to the grade of the bolt used,
11.2 High 5'>trength Friction Grip Bolts
The use of high strength friction grip bolts and associated nuts and washers complying with
BS 4395 shall be in accordance with BS 4604.
Other types of friction grip fasteners may also be used subject to the approval of the Engineer
provided they have mechanical properties not inferior to bolts oomplying with BS 4395
and provided they are capable of being reliably tightened to the minimum shank tensions
specified in BS 4604.
11.3 Holes
Holes for ordinary bolts shall not be more than 2 mm qreater in diameter than the bolt for bolts not
exceeding 24 mm diameter and not more than 3 mm for bolts over 24 mm diameter,
unless otherwise specifically required by the design.
Holes for fricüon gûp bolts shall be in accordance with BS 4604.
Holes for bolts shall be formed by drilling and all burrs removed before assembly.
Holes for fitted bobs or pins shall have a diameter equal to or not more than 0.15 mm of
the nominal diameter of the bolt or pin.
5/9
00
11.4 Protection of Hollow Section
Where a sealed hollow member is holed by a fastener or pin, provision shall be made to
prevent ingress of moisture to the interior of the member.
12.0 RIVETING
The use of rivets shall be in accordance with BS 462D.
13.0 INSPECTION
The Contractor shall provide adequate facilities and bear the cost of everything necessary for
the Engineer to inspect any part of the steelwork during the construction.
14.0 LOAD TESTING
In the event of defective materials or poor workmanship the Engineer may instruct the
Contractor to carry out load test to any part of the steel structure. In general, the test shall be
carried out in acoordance with Appendix A of BS 449: Part 2 or as specified by the
Engineer. The cost of testing shall be fully borne by the Contractor irrespective of the results
of the tests.
15.0 PROTECTION AGAINST CORROSION
15.1 General
All structural steelworks, including welds, and connections shall be protected against corrosion in
the manner specified by the Engineer and in accordance with BS 5493 and BS CP 1021
where applicable.
15.2 Use of Red Lead Primer
Painting using read lead primer shall be deemed to be the method of corrosion protection if no
other method is specified. Surface preparation shall be by means of mechanical cleaning and
no blast cleaning will be required unless otherwise specified. The Contractor shall apply a
minimum of two primer coats to the steelwork, one of which shall be applied after surface
preparation is completed and approved by the Engineer. The second coat shall be applied only
before erection.
The primer coat shall be applied at a rate of not more than 13 m*/litre of paint. Any painted
areas which have been damaged must be properly repaired and touched up.
No painting shall be needed at the steel bearing surfaces when high strength friction bolts are
used.
15.3 Structural Steel Encased in Concrete
Unless otherwise specified, steel surfaces to be encased in concrete shall be left unpainted
and shall be cleaned and free from loose rust and scale at the time of concreting.
15.4 Other Corrosion Protection Measures
Other methods of corrosion protection may include metallic coating, painting, bituminous coating,
cathodic protection, etc. The Contractor shall provide equipment for measuring the thickness
of ooating when instructed by the Engineer. The cost of the equipment is deemed to have
6/9
00
been included in the Contract Sum.
7/9
00
16.0 SURFACE PREPARATION
16.1 General
All steel surfaces induding welds and connections shall be thoroughly cleaned to remove all
dirt, grease and the like. All rust and loose scales shall be completely removed by
mechanical cleaning, blast cleaning, wire brushing and any other approved method.
Application of coating, paint and bitumen, etc. shall be carried out as soon as the surface
preparation has been completed
16.2 Acceptable Rust Grades of Steel Substrates
The acceptable rust grade before coating shall be grade A, B or C (defined under ISO 8501-1
1g88 (E) and grade D is not acceptable
The rust grades are defined by written descriptions together with representative photographic
examples (see clause 6 of ISO 8501-1 : 1988.
Grade A Steel surface largely covered with adhering mill scale but little, if any, rust.
Grade B Steel surface which has begun to rust and from which the mill scale has
began to flake.
Grade C Steel surface on which the mill scale has rusted away or from which it can be
scraped, but with slight pitting visible under normal vision.
Grade D Steel surface on which the mill scale has rusted away and on which general
pitting is visible under normal vision.
16,3 Mechanical Cleaning
Mechanical cleaning shall be carried out by power driven tools, such as carborundum grinding
discs and chipping hammers, followed by steel wire brushing and dusting to remove ail loosened
materials. Excessive burnisning of the steel through prolonged application of rotary wire brush
shall be avoided.
16,4 Blast Cleaning
Blast cleaning shall be carried out in accordance with BS 4232. The maximum grade of
abrasive permitted is specified in Table 2 of BS 4232. Non-metallic abrasive used for blasting
shall be free from harmful contamination and recovered material shall only be reused subject
to the approval of the Engineer. Blasted surfaces shall be brushed or cleaned by vacuum
and shall not be touched by hand or contaminated in any other way.
16.5 Surface Preparation Standards
Unless otherwise specified elsewhere in the contract, steel surface shall be cleaned in
accordance to SSPC-SP1 “Solvent Cleaning" before hand / mechanical / blasting cleaning if
there is any oil, grease, salts, soil and etc.
Unless otherwise specified elsewhere in the contract, steel surface shall be prepared in
accordance to SSPC-SP3 'Power Tool Cleaninq".
The brief descriptions of the surface preparation standards are as below;
SSPC : Steel Structures Painting Council
Sa, St : Swedish Standards
8/9
00
16.5 Surface Preparation Standards conrd
SSPC-SP—1 Solvent Cleaning — Removal of all debimental foreign matter such

as oil, grease, dirt, soil, salts, drawing and cutting compounds, and
other contaminants from steel surfaces by the use of solvents,
emulsions, cleaning compounds, steam or other similar materials
and methods which involve a soivent or cleaning action.
SSPC-SP-2 St 2
Hand Tool Cleaning - Removal of all rut scale, mill scale, loose
rust and loose paint to the degree specified by hand wire
brushing, hand sanding, hand scraping, hand chipping or other
hand impact tods or by a combination of these methods. The
substrate should have a faint metallic sheen and also be free of
oil, grease, dust, soil, salts and other contaminants.
SSPC-SP-3 St 3
Power Tool Cleaning — Removal of all rust scale, mill scale, loose
paint, and loose rust to the degree specified by power wire
brushes, power impact tolls, power grinders, power sanders or by
a combination of these methods. The substrate should have a
pronounced metallic sheen and also be free of oil, grease, dirt, oil,
salts and other contaminants. Surface should not be buffed or
polished smooth.
Flame Cleaning - Removal of all loose scale, rust and other

detrimental foreign matter by passing high temperature, high velocity
oxy-acetylene flames over the entire surface, followed by wire brushing
Surface should also be free of oil, grease, dirt, soil, salts and other
contaminants.
SSPC-SP-5 Sa 3
White Metal Blast Cleaning — Removal of all mill scale, rust, rust
scale, paint or foreign matter by the use of abrasives propeI|ed
through nozzles or by centrifugal wheels. A White Metal Blast
Cleaned Surface Finish is defined as a surface with a gray-white,
uniform metallic color, slightly roughened to form a suitable anchor
pattern for coatings. The surface, when viewed without magnification,
shall be free of all oi|, grease, dirt, visible mill scale, rust, corrosion
products, oxides, paint, or any other foreign matter.
SSPC-SP-6 Sa 2 Commercial Blast Cleaning — Removal of mill scale, rust, rust
scale, paint or foreign matter by the use of abrasives propelled
through nozzles or by centriMgal wheels, to the degree specified.
A Commercial Blast Cleaned Surface Finish is defined as one
from which all oil, grease, dirt, rust scale and foreign matter have
been completely removed from the surface and all rust, mill scale
and old paint have been completely removed except for slight
shadows, streaks, or discolorations caused by rust stain, mill scale
oxides or slight, tight residues of paint or coating that may remain;
if the surface is pitted, slight residues of rust or paint may by found
in the bottom of pits; at least two-thirds of each square inch of
surface area shall be free of all visible residues and the remainder
shall be limited to the light discoloration, slight staining or tight
residues mentioned above.
9/9
00
16.5 Surface Preparation Standards conrd
SSPC-SP-7 Sa 1 Brush-Off Blast Cleaning — Removal of loose mill scale, loose

rust and loose paint, to the degree hereafter specified by the
impact of abrasives propelled through nozzles or by centrifugal
wheels. It is not intended that the surface shall be free of all mill
scale, rust, and paint. The remaining mill scale, rust and paint
should be tight and the surface should be sufficiently abraded to
provide good adhesion and bonding of paint. A Brush-Off Blast
Cleaned Surface Finish is defined as one from which all oil, grease,
dirt, rust scale, loose mill scale, loose rust and loose paint or
coatings are removed completely but tight mill scale and tightly
adhered rust, paint and coatings are permitted to remain provided
that all mill scale and rust have been exposed to the abrasive blast
pattern sufficiently to expose numerous flecks of the underlying
metal fairly uniformly distributed over the entire surface.
Pickling — Removal of all mill scale, rust and rust scale by

chemical reaction, or by electrolysis, or by both. It is intended that
the pickled surface shall be completely free of all scale, rust, and
foreign matter. Furthermore, the surface shall be free of unreacted or
harmful acid or alkali, or smut.
sspc-sp-g Weathering Followed By Blast Cleaning - Whealhering to remove
all or part of the mill scale followed by one of the blast cleaning
standards.
SSPC-SP-10
Sa 2.5 Near-White Blast Cleaning — Removal of nearly all mill scale, rust,
rust scale, paint, or foreign matter by the use of abrasives propelled
through nozzles or by centrifugal wheels, to the degree hereafter
specified. A Near-White Blast Cleaned Surface Finish is defined as
one from which all oil, grease, dirt, mill scale, rust corrosion products,
oxides, paint or other foreign matter have been completely removed
from the surface except for very light shadows, very slight streaks or
slight discolorations caused by rust stain, mill scale oxides, or light,
tight residues of paint or coating that may remain. At least 95 percent
of each square inch of surface area shall be free of aII visible
residues, and the remainder shall be limited to the light discoloration
mentioned above.
17.0 METALLIC COATING
Either zinc or aluminum may be used as metallic coating material. The method of application
shall be either hot-dip galvanising, sherardising, electroplating, metal spraying or as specified by
the Engineer.
17.1 Hot-dip Galvanising
Hot-dip galvanising of structural steel shall be carried out in accordance with BS 5493 and BS
729. The minimum thickness of the coating shall be as specified in the Contract,
17.2 Sherardising
This process shall only be used for coating of small parts of fasteners and shall be carried out
strictly in accordance with Bs 4gz1.
17.3 Electroplating
Electroplating shall only be done by specialist approved by the Engineer.
10/
9
00
17.4 Spray-metal Coating
This coating process, when specified by the Engineer, shall be carried out in accordance with
BS 2569
18.0 PAINTING
18.1 General
Painting shall be carried out in accordance with BS 5493 and BS 6150 and
manufacturer's recommendations and instructions.
18.2 Painting System Quality Plan
Before commencement of painting work, the Contractor or his paint applicator shall submit to
the Engineer Two (2) copies of painting system quality plan which snail at least consist of the
paint specification, painting application procedure, inspection procedure and format of
inspection form.
18.3 Paints
All paints unless otherwise specified shall comply with BS 2523 or other applicable Code
of Practice.
18.4 Storage of Paint
Paint shall be stored in sealed containers and must not be exposed to extreme temperature.
Any storage conditions specified by the manufacturer shall be strictly observed.
18.5 "Shelf Life" of Paint
Paint which exceeds the "shelf life" specified on the container by the manufacturer, or paint which
in the opinion of the Engineer has deteriorated and is not fit for use shall be rejected.
18,6 Application Procedure Trials
When instructed by the Engineer, the Contractor shall carry out paint application procedure
trials, either at the fabricator's workshop or at the site where appropriate, with the equipment and
labour to be used in the works. Where procedure trials are required no painting shall be
permitted until the procedure trials have been completed and approved by the Engineer.
18.7 DFT Test Report
Upon completion of steel structure erection and not later than one (1) month after the practical
completion of the works, the contractor or his paint applicator shall have a joined inspection
with the Engineer for measuring the dry film thickness (DFT) of the painting system and two (2)
copies of the report shall be submitted by the contractor or his applicator to the Engineer.
19.0 BITUMINOUS COATING
Bituminous coating may include bitumen and coal tar pitch and shall be applied in accordance
with BS 1070, BS :3416, BS 4147 and BS 4164.
20.0 CATHODIC PROTECTION
Cathodic protection when specified shall be carried out in accordance with BS CP 1021.
11/
9
DRAWING LIST
NO DRAWING NO SHEET NO DRAWING TITLE REV STATUS REMARK
1 W22-UOI-02-ARG-00 1 OF 38 ISOMETRIC VIEW 0 IFA -
2 W22-UOI-02-ARG-00 2 OF 38 BASE PLATE PLAN 0 IFA -
3 W22-UOI-02-ARG-00 3 OF 38 PLAN EL. +3.000 T.O.S 0 IFA -
4 W22-UOI-02-ARG-00 4 OF 38 PLAN EL. +3.600 ~ EL.+3.800 T.O.S 0 IFA -
5 W22-UOI-02-ARG-00 5 OF 38 PLAN EL. +4.400, EL.+5.000 & EL.+5.200 T.O.S 0 IFA -
15 W22-UOI-02-ARG-00 15 OF 38 PLAN EL. +25.790 T.O.S & ROOF PLAN 0 IFA -
24 W22-UOI-02-ARG-00 24 OF 38 FRAME LINE - 1, 1a & 2 0 IFA -
25 W22-UOI-02-ARG-00 25 OF 38 FRAME LINE - 3, 4 & 5 0 IFA -
26 W22-UOI-02-ARG-00 26 OF 38 FRAME LINE - 6 & 6A 0 IFA -
27 W22-UOI-02-ARG-00 27 OF 38 ELEVATION LINE - A, A1 & A2 0 IFA -
28 W22-UOI-02-ARG-00 28 OF 38 ELEVATION LINE - B 0 IFA -
29 W22-UOI-02-ARG-00 29 OF 38 ELEVATION LINE - C & C1 0 IFA -
30 W22-UOI-02-ARG-00 30 OF 38 ELEVATION LINE - D 0 IFA -
31 W22-UOI-02-ARG-00 31 OF 38 STAIR PLAN 1 (ST1) 0 IFA -
35 W22-UOI-02-ARG-00 35 OF 38 DETAIL CONNECTION 0 IFA -

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CIVIL WORKS

14th November 2021

Section Subtitle Page Number

i) Ordinary Portland Cement

ii) Rapid Hardeninq Portland Cement

iii) Moderate Sulphate Resisting Portland Cement

iv) Sulphate Resisting Portland Cement

v) Low Heat Portland-Blast Fumace Cement

Manufacturers certificates of test will, in general, be accepted as proof of soundness.

2.2.1 Transportation and storage

Marine aggregates shall not be used unless otherwise specified.

2.3.1 Coarse Aggregate

Coarse aggregate shall comply with M.S. 29.

2.3.2 Fine Aggregate

(a) Coarse Aggregate

(b) Fine Aggregate

TABLE 2.2 - FINE AGGREGATE

10.0 mm 100 100 100 100

5.0 mm 90 - 100 90 - 100 90 - 100 95 - 100

2.36 mm 60 - 95 75 - 100 85 - 100 95 - 100

1.18 mm 30 - 70 55 - 90 75 - 100 90 - 100

2.3.4 Sampling and Testing of Aggregates

Properties Test Methods Limits

Sulphate Content B,S. 1377 Test 9 not exceeding 0.4% by

2.3.5 Storage of Aggregates

Aggregate shall be handled and stored so as to minimise segregation and contamination.

All admixtures shall be used strictly in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.

2.5 Admixtures cont'd

3.0 CONCRETE MIXES

• the works are of minor nature or involving a small quantity of concrete

3.2 Designed Mix

TABLE 3.1 - SPECIFICATIONS FOR DESIGNED CONCRETE MIX

3.3 Trial Mixes

3.4 Modification of Mix Design

4.0 PRODUCTION OF CONCRETE

+ 3% of the quantity of cement per batch;

+ 3% of the quantity of water per batch;

+ 3% of the quantity of total aggregate per batch;

+ 5% of the quantity of admixture per batch;

Before commencement of work and subsequently as often as the SO may direct,

4.4 Workability and Consistency

Other means of assessing workability in accordance with B.S. 8110 may be

5.0 DISTRIBUTION OF CONCRETE

5.1 General confd

5.2 Concrète Pumps and Pipelines

The rate of supply shaft match with the rate of pumping.

Pumping shall be stopped in the following occasions:-

presence of foreign matters which may block the valves or pipelines

No concrète shall be placed prior to the SO's approval.

6.0 PLACING CONCRETE cont'd

If stopping of concrete placing is unavoidable elsewhere, a construction joint shall be

No concrete shall be placed in flowing water. Underwater concrete if deemed unavoidable

6.0 PLACING CONCRETE cont'd

vii) all tremie pipes shall be scrupulously cleaned after use.

7.0 COMPACTION OF CONCRETE BY VIBRATION

All concrete shall be compacted to produce a dense homogeneous mass. Unless

Vibrators shall be of sturdy construction, adequately powered and capable of transmitting

B.0 CURING AND PROTECTION OF CONCRETE