“All men are born equal, naked, without

bonds. God did not create man to be a

slave; nor did he endow him with
intelligence to have him hoodwinked, or
adorn him with reason to have him deceived
by others.” - (Letter to the Young Women of
Malolos).
This quote describes one of Jose Rizal’s books.
 José Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso
Realonda, commonly known as José
Rizal, was a Filipino nationalist,
writer, and polymath who was active
during the Spanish colonial period in
the Philippines. He was born on June
19, 1861, in Calamba, Philippines,
and died on December 30, 1896, in
Manila. Rizal is considered a national
hero of the Philippines. He was an
advocate of peaceful reforms and
exposed the corruptions and wrong
doings of the Spanish colonial
government through his writings.
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
Rizal was born to a well-to-do family in Calamba, Laguna. He had
nine sisters and one brother. His parents were leaseholders of a
hacienda and an accompanying rice farm held by the Dominicans.
Rizal was a child prodigy who turned into a prodigious talent under
Jesuit tutelage at the Ateneo. He received his early education in
Manila and later attended the University of Madrid. As a brilliant
medical student, he soon committed himself to the reform of
Spanish rule in his home country.
 While living in Europe,
Rizal gained worldwide
attention with two
novels. Noli Me Tangere
and El Filibusterismo.
Both novels exposed the
ills of the Spanish
colonial government
and Filipino society.
Noli Me Tangere
Published in Berlin in 1886
Noli Me Tangere is a novel that exposed
the ills of the Spanish colonial
government and Filipino society. It
follows the story of Crisostomo Ibarra, a
young Filipino who returns to the
Philippines after studying in Europe.
Through his experiences, Rizal criticizes
the corruption and abuse of power by the
Spanish authorities and the clergy.
El Filibusterismo
Published in Belgium in 1891
Rizal's second book, El Filibusterismo
(The Subversive), is a continuation of Noli
Me Tangere. It further exposes the
injustices and corruption in the colonial
government and society, and the failure
of the 1872 Cavite Mutiny. The novel
follows the story of Simoun, a wealthy
Filipino who seeks revenge against the
Spanish authorities and the clergy. It
ends with a tragic and violent climax,
highlighting the desperation and
hopelessness of the Filipino people under
colonial rule.
In 1896, the Katipunan, a Filipino revolutionary society, attempted to
overthrow the Spanish rule in the Philippines. Jose Rizal, a prominent
figure in this movement, was returning to Manila when the revolution
began. Rizal used his intelligence and writing skills to inspire his
countrymen to fight for their freedom. His novels and newspaper
articles were instrumental in spreading his ideas and raising
awareness about the government's actions. Rizal's intelligence,
courage, and determination were key in his efforts to liberate the
Philippines from Spanish control.
•INTELLIGENCE
•COURAGEOUSNESS
 •DETERMINATION
“Filipinos don’t realize that victory is the
child of struggle, that joy blossoms from
suffering, and redemption is a product of
sacrifice.” – JOSE RIZAL
While in France, Jose Rizal continued his studies and in 1886, published his
novel "Noli Me Tangere" (Touch Me Not). This book, which was banned in
the Philippines, depicted the hardships endured by Filipinos under Spanish
rule. Rizal used his novel to expose the harsh realities of living under
Spanish domination and to reach as many people as possible.

Later, in Barcelona, Spain, Rizal became a prominent spokesperson for the

Philippine reform movement. He wrote articles for the Filipino propaganda
newspaper "La Solidaridad," using his knowledge of the Philippines'
struggles with Spain to inform and inspire his readers. His writings served
as a powerful tool in the fight for Philippine independence.
 HE BECAME A
LEADING SPOKESMAN
FOR THE PHILIPPINE
REFORM MOVEMENT
Jose Rizal was a leading advocate for reform in the Philippines. He
articulated and championed the reforms needed by the country at
that time. Through his writings and newspapers, he exposed issues
about government corruption and Spanish abuses in the Philippines.
As a renowned writer and scholar, Rizal used his knowledge to give
voice to the aspirations of Filipinos to have a more just and humane
condition in their own country. He demonstrated the importance of
education, learning, and understanding societal issues as steps in
pushing for reforms for the nation.
Jose Rizal, a man of intelligence and determination, used his writings to advocate for the
freedom of the Philippines. He wrote in newspapers and books to express his belief that
Filipinos should be free and equal. Rizal founded the Philippine League, a group
dedicated to achieving peace for the country.

Upon his return to Manila from Europe in 1892, he established the Liga Filipina, a
political group advocating for peaceful change. Rizal's determination led him to form
this Filipino political group to secure political rights and freedom for his people.

The League was a semi-secret association, primarily composed of professionals

committed to modernizing the colony. Rizal's efforts were focused on encouraging as
many people as possible to join this league in order to establish their own government.
The "Liga Filipina" was an organization established by Jose Rizal in 1892 after his return
from Europe. Its goal was to promote reforms for the Philippines and achieve freedom
from the Spanish. In the context of history, here are some important aspects about the
establishment of Liga Filipina:

Objectives of Liga Filipina: The primary objective of Liga Filipina was to have reforms in
the Philippines and oppose the abuses of the Spanish. It wanted to promote equal rights
for Filipinos, such as the right to education, justice, and freedom from foreign
oppression.

Promotion of Peaceful Change: One of the important aspects of Liga Filipina was the
principle of peaceful change. It showed a desire to achieve reforms through peaceful
means, not through violence. It showed Rizal's belief in the effect of education and
awareness in changing society.
Leadership of Jose Rizal: Jose Rizal was the leader and promoter of Liga Filipina.
He showed his determination to use his intelligence and influence to advance the
objectives of the league. He became an inspiration for league members in their
fight for freedom.

Sequence of Teachings: The teachings of Liga Filipina followed the principles of

reform, freedom, and adequacy. It became a platform for Filipinos to help each
other and strive to achieve the reforms they were seeking.

Spanish Obstruction: However, due to the fear of the Spanish towards this
reformist movement, Liga Filipina was abolished after only a few months. This
pushed Rizal to decide to leave the country and go to Dapitan.
 “I HAVE ALWAYS
LOVED MY POOR
COUNTRY AND I AM
SURE THAT I SHALL
LOVE HER UNTIL
DEATH”
This statement by Jose Rizal shows
his deep love for his country, the
Philippines. He declares that from the
beginning, he has loved it
wholeheartedly. And in this love, he
“I HAVE ALWAYS
has no plans to stop or let go of it no
matter what happens, even death.
LOVED MY POOR
COUNTRY AND I AM
SURE THAT I SHALL
Through this statement, Rizal shows
his dedication and commitment to
the Philippines. It shows that his
heart is for his country, and he is
ready to serve and contribute to the
LOVE HER UNTIL
betterment of the Philippines, no
matter how difficult or dangerous it
DEATH”
is.
Jose Rizal, a Philippine national hero, wrote two novels Noli Me
Tangere and El Filibusterismo to show people how the Philippines
were being oppressed by Spain. He made the Philippine League to
get their first reform group and to fight for their freedom from Spain.
His death brought out the people's strengths to fight back in his
name, and inspired many who lived in the Philippines.
 Jose Rizal, a key figure in Philippine
history, used his intelligence and
writing skills to inspire his countrymen
to fight for their freedom. He authored
two significant novels, "Noli Me
Tangere" and "El Filibusterismo,"
which depicted the harsh realities of
life under Spanish rule. These works
were instrumental in awakening
Philippine nationalism and were a
catalyst for the fight for independence.
Rizal also founded the Philippine League, the first
reform group in the country, with the aim of
achieving freedom from Spain. His efforts and
sacrifice inspired many Filipinos to join the cause,
leading to a stronger resistance against Spanish rule.

Rizal's writings, particularly his contributions to the

Spanish newspaper "La Solidaridad," played a crucial role
in promoting Philippine nationalism. His essays, poems,
and editorials harshly criticized Spanish colonial rule and
exposed societal issues in the Philippines.
Rizal's legacy continues to inspire
Filipinos today. His belief in the power
of education and its ability to bring
about change is particularly relevant.
He advocated for experiential
learning, exploring the local
environment with his students and
using it as a source of knowledge.

Rizal's life and works serve as a

reminder of the importance of
conviction, service, and love for one's
country. His teachings continue to
provide guidance in addressing
current social and personal problems,
reinforcing the values he fought and
died for.
 Jose Rizal was known for his open-mindedness,
intelligence, and hard work. He was deeply
committed to the cause of Philippine freedom from
Spain and prioritized the welfare of his country over
his own. Rizal was a polymath with skills in both
science and the arts, and he used these talents to
express his ideas and inspire his countrymen.
 Every year on December 30th, Filipinos celebrate Rizal Day to
commemorate his life and works. Memorials and statues of Rizal can be
found not only within the Philippines but also in selected cities around
the world. A road in New Delhi (India) and Medan (Indonesia), as well as
a bridge and park in Seattle (USA), are named after him. In honor of
Rizal, there are streets, towns/cities, a university (Rizal University), a
province named after him in the Philippines. The Philippines built a
memorial park for him – Rizal Park in Manila – which houses a
monument containing a standing bronze sculpture of Rizal, an obelisk,
and a stone base said to contain his remains.
 Three species have also been named after Rizal
Draco rizali Rhacophorus rizali Apogania rizali
(a small lizard) (a frog species) (a rare beetle)
Rizal became a national hero because he met the criteria set
during the American period. He had a concept of nation and
aspired for the nation’s freedom. He contributed to a system
or life of freedom and order for a nation, and he contributed
to the quality of life and destiny of a nation. His peaceful
approach to seeking freedom was seen as a “good example”
by the Americans to prevent revolt against them.
 LEADER :
ARROYO, ASHLEY F.
MEMBER :
BIONAT, PATRICK
AGUAS, JEROME
AQUINO, MICHAEL REY P.