General Physics (II) 期中考 I Apr.

13, 2018
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I.計算題(55 points) (所有題目必須有計算過程,否則不予計分)
1. (10 pts) Fig. 1 shows a cross sectional view of uniform charge distribution in an infinitely
long cylindrical shell. The charge density is (> 0), the inner radius is 2R, and the outer
radius 3R, the axis of the shell coincides with the z-axis. A second uniform cylindrical charge
distribution is added to the system, with the axis of symmetry parallel to the z-axis but
passing (R,0,0). The radius of the cylinder is R, and the charge density is –, Determine the
magnitude and direction of the E-field along the x-axis (0 ≤ x< 3R).

2. (a) (5 pts) As shown in Fig.2(a), two conducting coaxial cylinders with inner and outer radius a,
6a and length . Calculate the capacitance of this device. Ignore the end effects.
(b)(5 pts) Now the region between the radii 3a and 4a is filled with a metal shell, as shown in
Fig. 2(b). What is the capacitance of this new device?
y a Top view

a b
6a a
 x 
6a ρ
4a c

Fig. 1 Fig. 2(a) Fig. 2(b) Fig. 3

3. (15 pts) As shown in Fig. 3, the volume charge density ρ within the sphere of radius a is
distributed in spherically symmetric fashion with ρ(r) = ρ0[1- r2/a2], and it is concentric with a
spherical conducting shell of inner radius b and outer radius c. This conducting shell has no
charge. Determine the electric field E (magnitude and direction), the electric potential V,
as a function of the radial distance r in the regions of (1) r > c; (2) b < r < c , (3) a < r < b , (4)
r < a, and the total charges on the inner and outer surfaces of the conducting
shell,respectively. Let electric potential V=0 at infinity.

4. (20 pts) Fig. 4 shows two line charge distributions in the x-y plane. ŷ
The charge density is ⁄ for the rod on x-axis (-a < x x̂
< a) and for the semicircle. Here a is the radius of the
semi-circle,  is a positive constant and  is the angle from +x-axis. A(a,0,0)
a
(a) (11 pts) Evaluate the electric field (x-, y-, and z-components) and the ẑ
potential at point P on the z-axis due to the AB line segment . P (0,0,z)
B
(b) (9 pts) Evaluate the electric field (x-, y-, and z-components) and the (-a,0,0)
Fig. 4
potential at point P on the z-axis due to the semicircle in Fig. 4.

Integration Formula for reference


dx
x b
2 2 
 ln x  x  b 2 2
 
x 2 dx
x 2  b2

x x 2  b2 b2
2
 ln x  x 2  b 2
2
 
x
 
dx x 2 dx x
 
   ln x  x 2  b 2
x 
3/ 2
x b  x 2  b2 
2 2 2
2
b 2
b 3/ 2
x b2 2
 z
Fig. 5 Fig. 6
q0 y
q d d =4
xꞏd
a x
Fig. 7
II.選擇題(45 points)
1. (5 pts) Fig. 5 shows a uniformly charged ring in the x-y plane, centered at the origin, with
radius a=0.1m and total charge q=10-7C. Imagine a small ball of mass 0.001kg and negative
charge q0= -10-8C. The ball is released from rest at the point d=10-3m and constrained to
move along the z axis only, with no damping. The ball oscillates along the z axis between z=d
and z=-d in a simple harmonic motion. What is the period T of this oscillation (in SI unit and
ignore the gravitation)?
(A)  (B) (C) (D) (E)
(F) (G) (H) (J) (K)
(L) (M) (N) (O) (P)
2. (5 pts) Three uniformly charged planes are located at x = -1 m, x =0, and x = 1 m with surface
charge density σ1, σ2 and σ3, respectively. The potential as a function of the x-cooridnate is
shown in Fig. 6. Now the surfaces with σ2 and σ3 are connected with a conducting wire (the
curved line in Fig. 6) and wait till the charge is redistributed. The new charge densities , and
,
on the corresponding planes are
(A) (3 ε0, -3 ε0) (B) (-3 ε0, 3 ε0) (C) (2 ε0, -2 ε0) (D) (-2 ε0, 2 ε0) (E) (ε0, -ε0)
(F) (-ε0, ε0) (G) (0, 0) (H) (3 ε0, 3 ε0)
3. (5 pts) A particle with mass 0.14 g and a charge of 5.0 × 10-6 C is placed in a region of space
where the potential is given by V (x) = (2 V/m2) x2 - (3 V/m3)x3. If the particle starts at x = 2 m,
the initial acceleration in x direction in unit m/s2 of will be
(A) -3 (B) -2 (C) -1 (D) 0 (E) 1 (F) 2 (G) 3
4. (5 pts) As shown in Fig. 7 ,A capacitor C0 is consisted of two parallel plates with separation
distance d. Now the space between two plates is filled with dielectric material with dielectric
constant  = 4. Then the separation distance increases by a distance of xꞏd. The new
capacitance of this new capacitor is still C0. What is the value of x?
(A) 1/4 (B) 1/3 (C) 1/2 (D) 2/3 (E) 3/4 (F) 1 (G) 4/3 (H) 5/4
5. (5 pts) Fig. 8 shows a cylindrical Gaussian surface S, whose axis of symmetry coincides with
the x-axis. The left end of S is fixed at x = 0, and the other end is adjustable. If there is a
continuous charge distribution with charge density , where A is a positive constant.
Let E be the electric flux through S, Which of the following shows the correct relation
between E and L?
E (A) E (B) E
(C) E (D) y z

x
L
L L L L
E E E
E L Fig. 8
L L L

(E) (F) (G) (H)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

F D E E C L C C B D

11 12 13 14 15

H F F B A
1. (10 pts) Fig. 1 shows a cross sectional view of uniform charge distribution in an infinitely
long cylindrical shell. The charge density is (> 0), the inner radius is 2R, and the outer
radius 3R, the axis of the shell coincides with the z‐axis. A second uniform cylindrical charge
distribution is added to the system, with the axis of symmetry parallel to the z‐axis but
passing (R,0,0). The radius of the cylinder is R, and the charge density is –, Determine the
magnitude and direction of the E‐field along the x‐axis (0 ≤ x< 3R).
y y y
2
S4
 
S1
 x x x
S2  S3

For outer shell, and x<2R, For inner cylinder, and |x-R|<R,
Choose a cylindrical surface S1 with length ℓ1, Choose a cylindrical surface S3 with radius r3
and apply Gauss’s law, i.e. length ℓ3, and apply Gauss’s law, i.e.
ℓ
Φ ∯ · )2 ℓ=0 1 Φ ∯ · )2 ℓ=
| |
⇒ )=0 ⇒ )=0, for 0 x<2R ⇒ )= ⇒ )= 1
2 2
For x 2R, Choose a cylindrical For 0 x<R ,
surface S2 with length ℓ2. ⇒ = 1
ℓ 2
Φ ∯ · )2 ℓ= For R x<2R ,
1
⇒ )= ⇒ )= 1 ⇒ = 1
2 2 2
For inner cylinder, and |x-R|≥R,
Choose a cylindrical surface S4 with radius r4
length ℓ4, and apply Gauss’s law, i.e.
ℓ
Φ ∯ · )2 ℓ=
1
⇒ )= ⇒ )=
2 2
For 2R x<3R ,

⇒ )= 1
2

For the total E‐field with 0 ≤ x < R,

=
2
For the total E‐field with R ≤ x < 2R,

=
2
For the total E‐field with 2R ≤ x < 3R,

)=
2 2
(a) Problem 2
a        
A1 E  
 E  dA  
A1
E  dA   E  dA 
A2

A3
E  dA

 0  EA2  0  E (2 rL )
A2 L
Q in Q ( )
  l
A3 0 0
1  Q
E rˆ 1
 0 (2 rl )
1
 
6a 6a
Q
 V    E  dl    rˆ  drˆ
a a
 0 (2 rl )
6a
Q 1 Q

 0 (2 l ) 
a
r
dr  
 0 (2 l )
ln(6) 1

Q 2 0 l
C  1
V ln(6)
 (b) Method I (b) Method II
2
(I) in a  r  3 a

E
Q
 0 (2 rl )
rˆ
r  
6a
a 3a

4a
= a 3a
6a
4a

Q r
V ( r )  V ( a )    E  dl   ln( ) In series
a
 0 (2 l ) a
Q
V (3 a )  V ( a )   ln(3) 1 1 1 1
 0 (2 l )
(II) in 3 a  r  4 a
  1
C total C1 C 2

E0
V (4 a )  V (3 a )  V ( r )  V (3 a )  0 2 0 l 2 0 l
1 C1  and C2 
(III) in 4 a  r  6 a ln(3) 3
ln( ) 1
r Q 2
E rˆ
 0 (2 rl )
 
r Q 2 0 l
V ( r )  V (4 a )    E  dl  
Q r C  1
 0 (2 l )
ln( )
4a V 2 ln  3   ln 2
4a
Q 3
V (6 a )  V (4 a )   ln( )
 0 (2 l ) 2 1
1
Q 3 Q
 V  V (6 a )  V ( a )   ln( )  0  ln(3)
 0 (2 l ) 2  0 (2 l )
Q 2 0 l
C  1
V 2 ln  3   ln 2
 Problem 3

Guass’s surface 2 8
0 1 4 2
0
3 V(r)‐V(∞ ·
(1) r > c 1 2 15
·
a b V(r) 1
ρ
E 4 2
0
3
c
1 8 0 3 12 0 3 1
̂ ̂ V(c)
4 15 15
(2) b < r < c
1 0 1 V(r)‐V(c) 0
a b 8 3
0 V(r)=V(c)= 1
ρ 15
c 8 1
3
0
15
(3) a < r < b 0
1 V(r)‐V(∞ · · · · }
1 8 0 3 12 0 3
a b ̂ ̂
ρ 4 15 15 V(r) 0 ( ‐ )
c 1
2
(4) r < a V(r)‐V(∞ · · · · · }
1 E 4 2
0 1 4 2

V(r) ( ‐ )‐ 2
a b 3
0
ρ ̂ 1
c 3 5 2
( ‐ )+ [ + ]= [ ]
Problem 4

11 pts

1. For the E-field results from the charge on AB line segment,

1 pts

1 pts
0, odd function
1 pts

1 pts 1 pts
 1 pts

0, odd function
1 pts

1 pts

1 pts

1 pts

0, odd function
1 pts
9 pts

2. For the E-field results from the charge on AB semi-circle,

1 pts
1 pts

2 pts

1 pts 1 pts
1 pts

1 pts
1 pts