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THE IBABASUK RITUAL OF THETALAANDIG TRIBE IN LILINGAYON

VALENCIA CITY.

A Qualitative Research
presented to the Faculty of Senior High School
VALENCIA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Valencia City, Bukidnon

in partial fulfillment of the requirements in

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

Camongay, Camille
Chavez, Ryanmark
David, Regine
Paloay, Prince Joshua D.
Santander, Eneil Dreen G.
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Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION

The Ibabasuk ritual is a significant cultural practice of the Talaandig tribe, an

indigenous group from the Philippines with a rich history, vibrant culture, and

enduring traditions. The Talaandig tribe, which is also recognized in Bukidnon, has

strong connections to their ancestral land. Even though there has been a significant

increase in modernization and transformation, the tribe's ties to their land remain

unshakable. They have continued to preserve and promote their indigenous

customs, beliefs, and practices. The Talaandig tribe is part of the seven native tribes

in Bukidnon that gather to showcase their traditions through rituals, music, songs,

and dances at festivals. The Ibabasuk ritual is performed when they establish a farm

to give them strength and more crops during farming. Farming or Ibabasuk seeks the

assistance of the salsalan spirits to empower the farmer and his tools, as well as the

talabugta spirits to ensure the well-being of the crops. It is important to gain the

approval of all relevant spirits in order to achieve a bountiful harvest. Talaandig tribe

is known for their commitment to keeping their traditions alive. Their rituals are a

testament to their resilience and unwavering commitment to preserving their

heritage. Source: Yodisphere, Sinaunang Panahon, Provincial Government of

Bukidnon, Pinay Traveller

Background of the Study

The Talaandig tribe, an indigenous group located in the Bukidnon province of

the Philippines, is known for its rich history, beliefs, and practices that have been
Tribe's Rituals
preserved despite modern influences. One of the significant is the

Ibabasuk ritual, performed when establishing a farm. This study aims to delve
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deeper into the Ibabasuk ritual of the Talaandig Tribe, understanding its significance,

process, and impact on the tribe. This research hopes to provide a comprehensive

understanding of the Talaandig Tribe's culture

Research Question

The purpose of the study is to fully understand the Talaandig people’s

Ibabasuk Ritual practices in Lilinganyon, Valencia City.

1. What are the experiences of Talaandig people performing the Ibabasuk

Ritual?

2. What are the most critical challenges the Talaandig people face in

performing the Ibabasuk Ritual?

3. What are the most critical consequences of performing the

Ibabasuk Ritual of the Talaandig Tribe?

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Significance of the Study

The Ibabasuk Ritual, widely known and practiced in Barangay Lilingayon,

Philippines, holds great significance for indigenous people. They believe that

performing this ritual before or after farming helps them seek the blessings and

support of the spirits of nature. Through Ibabasuk, farmers seek strength for

themselves and their tools from the spirits of salsalan and pray for the health of their

crops from the talabugta spirit. The ceremony aims to gain the approval of all the

supernatural beings necessary for agriculture in order to achieve a fruitful harvest

and to have valuable knowledge and insights from studying these traditional

practices can help researchers understand the traditional Ritual of Indigenous

People. This understanding can serve as a foundation for farmers to increase their

harvest yields. These old customs rely on the materials found in nature, and they

hold special significance that has been handed down through the years. The skills

needed to perform the Ibabasuk Ritual have been handed down through the ages

and are still being practiced today

Scope and Limitations

This study was conducted in Barangay Lingayon, Valencia City, Bukidnon. The

target respondents of the study are the talaandig people who live in Lilingayon, who

are likely to provide information regarding the ritual practices that talaandig people

use in rituals . The coverage of this study is to interview the 7–15 respondents, the

talaandig people.
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Chapter 2
REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

Related Literature

What are the experience of talaandig performing Ibabasuk Ritual

Based on Talamdam's research in 2008, before a farmer begins preparing the

land for tilling, he follows a specific routine. Firstly, he ensures that his bolo or tools

are sharpened. In case he accidentally gets injured, he believes it to be a sign of

misfortune. Secondly, if he or anyone else sneezes while heading to the farm site, it

is seen as a bad omen. In such cases, he goes back inside the house for a few

minutes before continuing his journey to the farm.

What are the most critical challenges

It is the way of performing the ritual because it needs several signs to proceed; according to the Provin

What are the consequences

Cultural Preservation: The Talaandig Tribe's cultural history is preserved through

the performance of the "Ibabasuk" ritual. It upholds their rituals, beliefs, and values,

guaranteeing that they are carried down through the generations.

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The Talaandig Also known as “The lowland dwellers (Bisayans and other migrants)

who refer to the people living in the highlands or mountains as "Bukidnon" primarily

refer to the indigenous inhabitants of the province of Bukidnon. The second-highest

peak in Mindanao, Mt. Kitanglad, is located in the hilly Bukidnon topography. The

Manobo (Matig-Sulog-Tigwa) and the "Bukidnon" are the two primary indigenous

groups in the province of Bukidnon. The latter is further divided into two sub-groups:

the "Talaandig," who are dispersed throughout the south central and western

portions of Bukidnon, and the Higaonons, who live in the province's eastern section

and are also dispersed throughout Misamis Oriental's highlands, which are next to

the Bukidnon plateaus. Scattered groups of people live near the Agusan-Bukidnon

border. From a linguistic perspective, Talaandig is a dialect of Binukid, one of the

principal branches of Proto-Manobo. This explains why Manobo and Binukid share a

large number of cognates, which allowed them to communicate considerably. The

Talaandig got their name because their subsistence strategy involves shifting

farming, and the word andig means slope. They live on the mountain slopes.

However, like the Manobo, many Talaandig are dwelling in barangays; while some

still choose the highlands. The Talaandig chosen for this study are the people who

live in the barangays of Sungko and Lilingayon in the Bukidnon municipality of

Lantapan. Like the Manobo tribe of Agusan, the Talaandig were originally swidden

farmers who relied on root crops in addition to hunting and foraging. Nowadays, the

sedentary Talaandig work their fields to produce cash crops like rice, corn, and

coffee. Numerous Talaandig who adopted have completed college education. Some

are working as government employees; they include teachers, lawyers, and political

leaders. Still, the Talaandig remain at the bottom of the socioeconomic ladder
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because, like other indigenous tribes in Mindanao, they have been disregarded.

The Talaandig tribe, an indigenous group in the Bukidnon province of the

Philippines, has a unique ritual called Ibabasuk that they perform when establishing

a farm. During this ritual, they grate corn and cook it to make a dish called "baki" or

"binaki". It is believed that while someone is grating corn, they cannot be interrupted

until they have finished cutting seven corn cobs. These corn cobs, along with raw

corn and chicken blood, are then offered to the spirits in seven pieces. Additionally, a

chicken egg and a small portion of baki are cooked directly on the embers and

offered to the spirits known as "bata ha tag baya hu kagnas", who protect the plants

from infestations.

The Talaandig Tribe also engages in various other practices such as crafting tools

and agricultural implements, preparing food, creating art, playing music, dancing,

chanting, and singing. They also have traditional marriage ceremonies. For instance,

they make a special health wine called "kalagmanis" from tubu or sugar cane juice,

and preserve cassava known as "ag kud ha tinapayan".

One of the most notable aspects of Talaandig culture is their dances, including saut,

kalasag, in agong, bina nog, bin aylan, toba, tin ambul, Inagaw, tag sala, kag

anahaw, and maninikup. These dances are a way for the Talaandig people to

express their culture and spirituality.

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The Talaandig people also pass down their traditions to the younger generation.

Children learn about their heritage through interactive sessions and practical

activities, which help them understand their background and develop skills to

preserve their customs. The school curriculum focuses on sustainability,

environmental protection, and community participation, among other important

topics.

Sources:

https://ncca.gov.ph/

https://mindanews.com/feature/2011/06/traditional-farming-practices-of-the-

bukidnon-tribe/

Citation:

ArroyoR (2023)http://tiikmpublishing.com/proceedings/index.php/foe/article/view/

1267

Cole, F. C. (1956). The Bukidnon of Mindanao (Vol. 46). Chicago Natural History

Museum. Retrieved on March 9, 2017 from https://bit.ly/30H3VWY

https://mindanews.com/feature/2011/06/traditional-farming-practices-of-the-

bukidnon-tribe/#gsc.tab=0
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Chapter 3
METHODOLOGY

This chapter includes the research design, the sample, the instruments, the
the
intervention (if research is experimental), the data collection procedure, and the

plan for data analysis.

Research Design

Research designs are the specific procedures involved in the research

process: sampling, data collection, and data analysis.

The Sample

The study participants were 10 Talaandig people who performed the Ibabasuk

Ritual. They are the Talaandig people who live in the Barangay Lilingayon. The

interviews will be conducted in the place of Talaandig people in Barangay Lilingayon.

Farmers who plan to start preparing the land to be tilled would first observe things at

home.

The Instrument(s)
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The Ibabasuk Ritual of the Talaandig Tribe in Lilingayon, Valencia City, is

,
frequently studied using popular research tools including surveys, observations,

An in-depth
interviews, and secondary data analysis. investigation of participants'

knowledge, convictions, and experiences with the ritual is made possible through

interviews.

Data Collection Procedure

A number of key steps are involved in the data collection process for this

study on "The Ibabasuk Ritual Of The Talaandig Tribe in Lilingayon Valencia City".

First, we have conducted a thorough literature review in order to acquire information

about the Talaandig tribe and its culture as well as Ibabasuk ritual from scientific

sources. The next step is to define the research objectives and identify the research

participants, including members of the Talaandig tribe who have knowledge of the

Ibabasuk ritual. We need to obtain informed consent and respect the cultural

sensitivity of the community in order to proceed.The collected data shall be recorded,

organised and analysed using quantitative analysis methods like thematic or content

analysis at the time of collection. A comprehensive report containing an introduction,

methodology, results and discussion should summarise the findings of this research.

Finally, the findings may be communicated via presentations, conferences or

publications to the Talaandig Tribe community, interested parties and audiences with

appropriate permission and acknowledgement.

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Plan for Data Analysis

Our plan for data analysis is to gather data , which includes conducting interviews
know about
with tribe members who performing the Ibabasuk Ritual and

reviewing existing literature about the tribe and the ritual. We would gather data
using
our research questions. We used qualitative Research in our article to

conduct and compare the Ibabasuk Ritual with similar rituals from other tribes or

cultures, looking for similarities and differences. Our data should also be interpreted.