UNIVERSITY OF MINDANAO

College of Hospitality
Tourism Management Program

Physically Distanced but Academically Engaged

Self-Instructional Manual (SIM) for Self-Directed Learning (SDL)

Course/Subject: TME 102 Hospitality & Tourism Facilities Mgt &

Design
Name of Teacher: Liwliwa B. Lagman

THIS SIM/SDL MANUAL IS A DRAFT VERSION ONLY; NOT FOR REPRODUCTION AND
DISTRIBUTION OUTSIDE OF ITS INTENDED USE. THIS IS INTENDED ONLY FOR THE USE OF THE
STUDENTS WHO ARE OFFICIALLY ENROLLED IN THE COURSE/SUBJECT.

EXPECT REVISIONS OF THE MANUAL.

 Course Outline: TME 102 – Hospitality & Tourism Facilities Management & Design
Course Coordinator:
Email:
Student Consultation:
Mobile:
Phone:
Effectivity Date:
Mode of Delivery:
Time Frame:
Student Workload:
Requisites:
Credit:
Attendance Requirements:
Course Outline Policies
Areas of Concern
Contact and Non-contact Hours
Assessment Task Submission
Turnitin Submission (if To ensure honesty and authenticity, all assessment tasks
Liwliwa B. Lagman,MM
liwliwa_lagman@umindanao.edu.ph
Done by online (LMS) or thru text or email.
09279677586
(082) 2977024 or 3005456 loc. 131
June 2020
Blended (On-line with face to face virtual sessions)
54 Hours
Expected Self-Directed Learning
None
3
A minimum of 95% attendance is required at all
scheduled Virtual or face to face sessions.
Details
This 3-unit course self-instructional manual is designed
for blended learning mode of instructional delivery, i.e.
online sessions through the LMS and the 2-days on-
campus/onsite face-to-face review and final examination.
The expected number of hours will be 54 including
review and examination days. The face to face sessions
shall include the summative assessment tasks (exams).
Submission of assessment tasks shall be on 3rd, 5th, 7th
and 9th week of the term. The assessment paper shall be
attached with a cover page indicating the title of the
assessment task (if the task is performance), the name
of the Course Facilitator, date of submission and name of
the student. The document should be emailed to the
Course Facilitator. It is also expected that you already
paid your tuition and other fees before the submission of
the assessment task.
If the assessment task is done in real time through the
features in the Blackboard Learning Management
System, the schedule shall be arranged ahead of time by
the Course Facilitator
Since this course is included in the licensure examination
for teachers, you will be required to take the Multiple-
Choice Question exam during the on- campus/onsite
sessions. This should be scheduled ahead of time by the
Course Facilitator. This is non- negotiable for all
licensure-based programs.
are required to be submitted through Turnitin with a
1
necessary) maximum similarity index of 30% allowed. This means
that if your paper goes beyond 30%, the students will
either opt to redo her/his paper or explain in writing
addressed to the Course Facilitator the reasons for the
similarity. In addition, if the paper has reached more than
30% similarity index, the student may be called for a
disciplinary action in accordance with the University’s
OPM on Intellectual and Academic Honesty.

Please note that academic dishonesty such as cheating

and commissioning other students or people to complete
the task for you have severe punishments (reprimand,
warning, expulsion).
Penalties for Late Assignments/ The score for an assessment item submitted after the
Assessments designated time on the due date, without an approved
extension of time, will be reduced by 5% of the possible
maximum score for that assessment item for each day or
part day that the assessment item is late.

However, if the late submission of assessment paper has

a valid reason, a letter of explanation should be
submitted and approved by the Course Facilitator. If
necessary, you will also be required to present/attach
evidences.
Return of Assignments/ Assessment tasks will be returned to you two (2) weeks
Assessments after the submission. This will be returned by email or via
Blackboard portal.

For group assessment tasks, the Course Facilitator will

require some or few of the students for online or virtual
sessions to ask clarificatory questions to validate the
originality of the assessment task submitted and to
ensure that all the group members are involved.
Assignment Resubmission You should request in writing addressed to the Course
Facilitator his/her intention to resubmit an assessment
task. The resubmission is premised on the student’s
failure to comply with the similarity index and other
reasonable grounds such as academic literacy standards
or other reasonable circumstances e.g. illness, accidents
financial constraints.
Re-marking of Assessment You should request in writing addressed to the program
Papers and Appeal coordinator your intention to appeal or contest the score
given to an assessment task. The letter should explicitly
explain the reasons/points to contest the grade. The
program coordinator shall communicate with the students
on the approval and disapproval of the request.

If disapproved by the Course Facilitator, you can elevate

your case to the program head or the dean with the
original letter of request. The final decision will come
from the dean of the college.
Grading System All culled from BlackBoard sessions and traditional
contact

2

Preferred Referencing Style (if APA 6th Edition.
the tasks require)
Student Communication
Course discussions/exercises – 30%
1st formative assessment – 10%
2nd formative assessment – 10%
3rd formative assessment – 10%
All culled from on-campus/onsite sessions (TBA):
Final exam – 40%
Submission of the final grades shall follow the usual
University system and procedures.
Students are required to create a umindanao email
account which is a requirement to access the
BlackBoard portal. Then, the Course Facilitator shall
enroll the students to have access to the materials and
resources of the course. All communication formats:
chat, submission of assessment tasks, requests etc. shall
be through the portal and other university recognized
platforms.

You can also contact your teacher/Course Facilitator via

traditional contact or social media for communication. For
related concerns, the students can contact the Dean,
Program Head, Library, and Guidance Help Desks.

For students who have not created their umindanao

account and LMS account, please contact the Course
Facilitator or Program Head for further instructions.
Contact Details of the Dean Florence Kristina M. Jimenez
fkmellina@yahoo.com

(082) 2977024 or 3050647 loc 131

Contact Details of the Program Amor B. Jangao
Head ajangao@umindanao.edu.ph
(082) 2977024 or 3050647 loc 131
Students with Special Needs Students with special needs shall communicate with the
Course Facilitator about the nature of his or her special
needs. Depending on the nature of the need, the Course
Facilitator, with the approval of the Program Head, may
provide alternative assessment tasks or extension of the
deadline of submission of assessment tasks. However,
the alternative assessment tasks should still be in the
service of achieving the desired course learning
outcomes
Instructional Help Desk Contact BSHospMgt@umindanao.edu.ph
Details
Library Contact Details Ms. Christina Perocho
0991022141
library@umindanao.edu.ph
Well-being Welfare Support Ms. Danica Baja
Held Desk Contact Details 09755604961

3
Course Information – see/download course syllabus in the Black Board LMS

CC’s Voice: Hello future tourism experts! Welcome to this course TME 102:
Hospitality & Tourism Facilities & Design.

By now, I am confident that you have a deep yearning to become a

future tourism professional and have envisioned yourself as one of
the sought after tourism management experts of Philippines’
tourism industry.

CO To become an effective tourism professional, deep knowledge

about different aspects of tourism management is a must, having
an ability to plan, design, organize, lead and manage effectively a
tourism facility makes one a sought after tourism management
expert. The success of the tourism industry relies mostly on the
availability of tourism experts in the destination that possess the
mentioned characteristics.

The said attributes are engrained in the course outcomes (CO) of

this subject, thus, after you have finished this course you are
expected to demonstrate knowledge pertaining to the operation of
the indicated facilities, demonstrate management ability when it
comes to implementation of policy, human resources, cost control,
and marketing and lastly demonstrate sound environmental
protection in the conduct of the facilities operation.

Let us begin!

4
Week 8 – 9 Unit Learning Outcomes (ULO): At the end of the unit, you are expected to:

a. Analyze the DOT standard requirements for accreditation of an

ecolodge facility.
b. Analyze the DOT standard requirements for accreditation of an ecotour
facility

Big Picture in Focus: ULOa. Analyze the DOT standard requirements for
accreditation of an ecolodge facility.

Metalanguage

In this section, the most essential terms relevant to demonstrate ULOa will be operationally
defined. You will encounter these terms as we go through the study of recreational facilities.
Please refer to these definitions in case you will encounter difficulty in the in understanding
facilities management concepts.

1. Ecolodge - A facility where visitors may stay overnight during their visit to an
ecotourism site. It includes infrastructure and services designed to provide
visitors with convenience, safety and an enjoyable stay.
2. Site Disturbance Any activity which affects the ground surface and/or vegetation
(i.e.: clearing, grubbing, cut/fill, grading, excavating for foundations, etc.).
an event or force, of nonbiological or biological origin, that brings about mortality
to organisms and changes in their spatial patterning in the ecosystems they
inhabit. Disturbance plays a significant role in shaping the structure of individual
populations and the character of whole ecosystems (britanica.com).
3. Location – part an area where the ecolodge should be located.
4. Visual Impact - is defined as a change in the appearance of the landscape as a
result of development which can be positive (improvement) or negative
(detraction) (IEA and the Landscape Institute, 1995).
5. Light – illumination around the site.
6. Water Supply and Conservation – source and proper usage of water in the site.
7. Wastewater - is any water that has been contaminated by human use.
8. Noise - a sound or sounds, especially when it is unwanted, unpleasant, or loud.
9. Air Quality - the degree to which the ambient air is pollution-free.
10. Waste Management (or waste disposal) - include the activities and actions
required to manage waste from its inception to its final disposal.
11. Energy Efficiency - means using less energy to perform the same task – that is,
eliminating energy waste. Energy efficiency brings a variety of benefits: reducing
greenhouse gas emissions
12. Accreditation – a certification issued by an official entity (government,
organization, etc.) that the holder is recognized as having complied with its
minimum standards in the operation of tourism facilities and services, concerned
which shall ensure the safety comfort and convenience of the client, customer or
end-user.

5
13. Core Accreditation – A certification to a product which meets the minimum
criteria.
14. Rules – this rules and regulations implementing the Act.
15. Standards – set of written functional, aesthetic and technical requirements in the
form of specifications or guidelines to ensure that a product and service complies
with the rules and regulations set forth by the Department.

Essential Knowledge

To perform the aforesaid big picture (unit learning outcomes) for the last two (2) weeks of the
course, you need to fully understand the following essential knowledge that will be laid down
in the succeeding pages. Please note that you are not limited to exclusively refer to the
these resources. Thus, you are expected to utilize other books, research articles and other
resources that are available in the university’s library e.g. ebrary, search.proquest.com
etc.

In order to expound how can a facility manager employ a sound environmental

protection in the conduct of the facilities operations, it is a must that managers have
deep understanding about the standard requirements mandated by the government.
In this unit you will study the different criteria of required by Department of Tourism in
accrediting an ecolodge facilities.

STANDARD REQUIREMENTS FOR ACCREDITATION OF AN ECOLODGE

Pursuant to the provisions of Republic Act 7160, executive order no. 120 and
executive order no. 111 series of 1999, the following rules and regulations to govern
the accreditation of ecolodges and ecotour facilities are hereby promulgated.

Section 1.Requirements for Securing Core Accreditation – the following are the
minimum standard requirements to secure core accreditation as an ecolodge
operator.

Natural Area Focus

The ecolodge facilities should be restricted to natural area. The following are the
standard minimum requirements in constructing an ecolodge facilities.

A. Ecolodge allowed each visitor to spend more time with nature or culture.
B. Visitors are accorded opportunity to directly experience nature and culture.
C. Facilities are built to enhance natural environment and monitor visitor movement
or
activity.
D. Ecolodge is built within or adjacent to a natural or cultural site in accordance with
national and local laws.
E. Design and materials used blend with the natural or cultural value of the site.

Community Participation

6
In order for the ecolodge to operate efficiently, there should be participation within
the community where it is located. Prior to the construction, consultation or regular
meeting is undertaken to inform and elicit inputs form local residents on the
development or operation of the activity. In the case of indigenous people prior
informed consultation is conducted. Community group is formed, organized to assist
in the sustainable management of the resources.

Environmental Sustainability

In order to help protect and manage the environment, culture and the people around
the area, the following practices should be adhered.
Location - It also involve proper site selection. The site selection not only for an
ecolodge facilities plays an important role in the proper management of the facility.

The following are considered in site selection:

a. Areas of high conservation value are avoided;

b. Previously disturbed sites are used rather than undisturbed areas.
c. Rehabilitation of natural process is undertaken;
d. Culturally sensitive areas are avoided;
e. Adverse effects on local communities are minimized and
f. Unnecessary development or disturbance is avoided.

The use of the site is identified in land use plans, strategic plans or zoning plans.
The following are secured prior to development:

1. Necessary permit or clearances from appropriate government agencies; and

2. Prior informed consent is secured from affected communities.

The facility operator should include in their plan the environmental planning and
impact assessment as mandated by the government. The environmental plan should
be approved by the appropriate authority. The following are addressed in formal
impact assessment:

1. Ecological risk which include conservation significance and rehabilitation of

the resources.
2. Impact of any development and mitigating measures.

In line with the environmental management of the facilities, the following should be
included in the environmental plan management system.

1. Type and degree of physical intervention.

2. Environmental characteristics or natural features of the site and management
issues or challenges on how to properly manage it.
3. Appropriate responses to environmental harm caused by accidental and
emergency situations. Example: Risk management plan
4. Staff training requirement to implement the environmental management
system.

7
 5. Appropriate steps to correct and prevent non-compliance with the system
standards. This means there should be procedures to implement to
consistently comply with the standards

In order only to comply with the standards but to ensure environmental protection is
being carry out by the facility, it is important to train the staff so that environmental
management of the facility is always in place.

The following should be included in the training provided to staff:

1. Natural or cultural value of site;

2. Environmental or cultural management issues;
3. Principles of ecotourism and how they are achieved
4. Practices that must be followed or observed as part of their duties; and
5. Monitoring and reporting procedures

Site Disturbance

Site interruption or disturbance is any activity which affects the ground surface
and/or vegetation (i.e.: clearing, grubbing, cut/fill, grading, excavating for
foundations, etc.).
It is also an event or force, of nonbiological or biological origin, that brings about
mortality to organisms and changes in their spatial patterning in the ecosystems they
inhabit.
Disturbance plays a significant role in shaping the structure of individual populations
and the character of whole ecosystems (britanica.com).

In order to present site disturbance in the area of ecolodge facility, the following
should be adhered to:

1. Extreme surface modifications are avoided;

2. Minimal clearing of native vegetation is involved and
3. Minimal disturbance to cultural heritage is undertaken;
4. Landscaping is conducted in ways that reflect the
5. No residual pesticides or herbicides are used.
6. Rare species of flora and fauna are not threatened from clearing and site
development.

Construction Methods and Materials

Another means to prevent negative effect of a particular facility being built in an

environmental site like ecolodge is through the use of environmental friendly
materials and green construction process.

The following measures be undertaken to minimize the environmental impact of

construction or renovation of facilities:

a. Excavation and disturbance to groundcover;

8
 b. Appropriate construction techniques are used;
c. Locally produced, recycled, and sustainable materials are used;
d. Timber treated with arsenic or copper and residual pesticides are not used;
and
e. Soil and gravel are ensured to be free from weed and known diseases.
f. Contractors and construction workers are briefed on the natural or cultural
values of the area and the appropriate environmental protection measures to
be observed.

Visual Impact
Visual impact or also known as visual pollution is a change in the appearance of the
landscape as a result of development which can be positive (improvement) or
negative (detraction) (IEA and the Landscape Institute, 1995).

The following are the minimum standard requirements to minimize or to totally avoid
visual pollution in the site.

a. Layout and design of ecolodge involved visual analysis. This means using
green design principles.
b. Design and materials used blend with the natural or
c. Height and dimension of ecolodge are below tree lines and screened by
topographic features.
d. Parking spaces are designed and landscaped to minimize visual impacts.
e. Roads and tracks are screened by vegetation or topographic features.
f. Color and reflectivity of surfaces are undertaken to blend with the landscape
of the site.
g. Native vegetation is retained or included in landscaping to screen facilities

Light

The facilities should always maximize the use of natural lighting. Giving attention to
window sizes, spacing, details such as light shelves to optimize natural lighting.

The following measures are undertaken to minimize excessive use of illumination

around the site:
a. Natural light is used as much as possible;
b. External lighting is kept that is necessary for orientation, security and safety;
c. Only illuminated signage is used for emergency exits
d. Incandescent floodlights are not used outdoors;
e. Visitors are provided with portable lights to avoid fixed lighting outside;
f. Pathways, corridors and external areas are lit by movement sensor switches;
and
g. Compact fluorescent bulbs are used, wherever possible.

Water Supply and Conservation

In order to always have available water in the area it is important to identify the
source of water in the vicinity and proper exercise proper usage of water in the site.

9
Use of water from natural sources such as rivers and streams should be maintained
to a level that will not reduce the amount for water for the following :

1. Local communities;
2. Local vegetation and native animals;
3. Downstream water flow; and
4. Groundwater resources.

Ecologically sustainable use of water supply is observed in any of the following:

1. Collected rain water;

2. Extraction from surface water;
3. Extraction from ground water; and
4. Desalination of water. It is a process where the excess salts are removed
from sea water transforming it into potable or usable water

To further maximize the use of water supply and apply water conservation, the
following measures should be pratice in the ecolodge facility:

a. Small sinks (less than 5 liters) is provided;

b. Reuse of treated sewage effluent is undertaken;
c. Rain water is collected and used;
d. Showers are provided not baths;
e. Automatic turn-off taps are provided;
f. Dual or low flush toilets are used;
g. Visitors are encouraged to reuse cloth towels before laundering; and
h. Written advice on minimize water use is provided to visitors.

Wastewater

In compliance with the environmental protection, the ecolodge facilities should

ensure the following are complied with:

1. Water quality management and standards set by appropriate agencies is

strictly followed; and
2. Proper handling, use, storage and disposal of toxic chemicals and
hazardous wastes is consistently practiced; and
3. Waste minimization practices are promoted.

Noise

In accordance to environmental protection and as part of the facilities management,

facility manager should make sure that not only the visitors, or end-users of the
facilities but also the community surrounding the ecolodge facilities will not
experience noise pollution. They will make certain that the following measures are
observed:

1. Noise is kept at a level not more than the back ground noise in nearby
natural areas or communities;

10
 2. Sound insulation is used to control noise from machineries and
equipment; and
3. Motorized transport are turned off when not in use.

Air Quality

Air quality in the area of ecolodge facilities should be free from any sort of pollutants.
This also means the degree to which the ambient or circling air is pollution-free. This
is so important in making sure that the protection in the environment is in place while
conducting facilities operations. Facility managers should ensure that the following
are adhered to:

1. Air quality standards and management set by appropriate agency is complied

with.
2. The following measures is undertaken:

a. LPG, natural gas or ethanol-based fuel is used;

b. Use of two-stroke engines for outbound motors and
c. Smoking is prohibited in all vehicles and facilities;
d. No chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) emissions are released;
e. Air conditioning, refrigeration and fire extinguisher systems are maintained
in accordance with specific
f. Heat and/or steam emissions are minimized;
g. Offensive odors associated with air emissions are avoided;
h. Hydrocarbon emissions from machinery is prohibited
i. Solvents are not in used and dry cleaning is not offered
j. Chlorofluorocarbons are not used in air conditioning and refrigeration
system.

Waste Management
Waste management has become a major component of facility management.
Correct or proper disposal of waste is more difficult in an facility like ecolodge, strict
and consistent adherence to environment policies can be a big help in maintaining
environmental protection in the area.

Waste management (or waste disposal) in the light of environmental protection

include the activities and actions required to manage waste from its inception to its
final disposal. The following are relevant policies and guidelines on waste
management that needs to be adhered to or complied with:
1. Disposable items are not used;
2. Food and materials are purchased in bulk or in reusable containers;
3. Recycled or unbleached paper is used for printing
4. Organic kitchen waste for animal food or compost is used
5. Staff and visitors participated in recycling programs;
6. Crafts from recycled materials is developed and promoted
7. Support to local material recovery facilities or any local recycling
infrastructure is provided.
8. All litter and food scraps are disposed and segregated and kept in
designated containers.

11
Energy Efficiency

Proper energy use is another means to prevent harmful effect to the environment of
a particular facility being develop like ecolodge. It is an essential part of the facility
management to make certain that standard measures set by the authority are
adhered to:

The following measures are observed:

1. Use ` of air conditioning units is minimized and natural ventilation is
provided as alternative;
2. Natural lighting is used during daytime;
3. Insulated roofs with low heat absorption is used;
4. Key tag switches and automatic controls are used;
5. Double-glazed windows, curtains and blinds are used;
6. Appliances or equipment are selected based on energy
7. Recovery and use of heat equipment is undertaken.
8. Staff are given responsibility to minimize energy use and cost.

12
 Self-Help: You can also refer to the sources below to help you
further understand the lesson:

Atkin, B. Brooks, A. (2015) Total Facility Management 4th edition retrieved from
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/uniofmindanao-
ebooks/reader.action?docID=1895527&query=Facility+management

Ceschin , Fabrizio (2020) Design for Sustainability: A Multi-level Framework from Products
to Socio-technical Systems retrieved from
https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780429456510

Dale, C. Hassanien, A. (2013) Facilities Management and Development for Tourism,

Hospitality and Events. Boston, USA.

Department of Tourism (2008). Rules and Regulations to Govern the Accreditation of

Ecolodges and Ecotour Facilities. (ra 7160, eo120, eo11, s1999). Department of
tourism Philippines retrieve from
http://accreditationonline.tourism.gov.ph/Downloadables/Standards/EcoTour.pdf

Worboys, Graeme (2015) Protected area governance and management retrieved from
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/uniofmindanao-
ebooks/reader.action?docID=3543952&query=tourism+facility+management

Keywords Index. The following terms, words, phrases and concepts discussed in this
lesson are essential for you to keep in mind. Please study the terms below.

Ecolodge Site Disturbance Location

Visual Impact Light Water Supply and Conservation

Wastewater Noise Air Quality

Waste Management Energy Efficiency Accreditation

Core Accreditation Rules Standards

13
Let’s Check

Activity 1. Now that you have read the different guidelines in implementing environmental
protection in tourism establishments, let us try to check what you remember about of lesson.
In the space provided, write the following:

A. There are several guidelines stated for the facility management to follow in order to
implement environmental protection while operating the facility, cite at least 2 that you
can elaborate more using your own words.

Activity 2. Review at least 3 different accredited ecolodge facilities in the Philippines in

terms of description, location, features and offerings. Provide pictures of the facilities.

14
In a Nutshell

Activity 1. Based from the definition of the most essential terms and concepts in the
lesson different guidelines in implementing environmental protection in tourism
establishments and the learning exercises that you have done, please feel free to
write your arguments or lessons learned below. I have indicated my arguments or
lessons learned.

- Guidelines or standards are best implemented in the facilities if the facility

managers are aware of its significance in achieving the organization goal.

Your Turn

2.
.

3.

4.

5.

15
Q&A LIST.
This portion, allows you to write your question and issues relative to the lesson you would
like to raise. You may also raise these questions thru the LMS. You are also the one to write
the answers after questions have been clarified.

Your Turn
Questions/Issues Answers

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

16
 Big Picture in Focus: ULOb. Analyze the DOT standard requirements for accreditation
of an ecotour facility.

Metalanguage

In this section, the most essential terms relevant to demonstrate ULOb will be operationally
defined. You will encounter these terms as we go through the study of environmental
protection in the conduct of the facilities operation. Please refer to these definitions in case
you will encounter difficulty in the in understanding facilities management concepts.

1. Ecotour facility- A facility within a natural area designed to protect the

environment and enhance the quality of visitor experience.
2. Site Disturbance Any activity which affects the ground surface and/or vegetation
(i.e.: clearing, grubbing, cut/fill, grading, excavating for foundations, etc.).
It is also an event or force, of nonbiological or biological origin, that brings about
mortality to organisms and changes in their spatial patterning in
the ecosystems they inhabit. Disturbance plays a significant role in shaping the
structure of individual populations and the character of whole ecosystems
(britanica.com).
3. Location – part an area where the ecolodge should be located.
4. Visual Impact - is defined as a change in the appearance of the landscape as a
result of development which can be positive (improvement) or negative
(detraction) (IEA and the Landscape Institute, 1995).
5. Light – illumination around the site.
6. Water Supply and Conservation – source and proper usage of water in the site.
7. Wastewater - is any water that has been contaminated by human use.
8. Noise - a sound or sounds, especially when it is unwanted, unpleasant, or loud.
9. Air Quality - the degree to which the ambient air is pollution-free.
10. Waste Management (or waste disposal) - include the activities and actions
required to manage waste from its inception to its final disposal.
11. Energy Efficiency - means using less energy to perform the same task – that is,
eliminating energy waste. Energy efficiency brings a variety of benefits: reducing
greenhouse gas emissions
12. Accreditation – a certification issued by an official entity (government,
organization, etc.) that the holder is recognized as having complied with its
minimum standards in the operation of tourism facilities and services, concerned
which shall ensure the safety comfort and convenience of the client, customer or
end-user.
13. Core Accreditation – A certification to a product which meets the minimum
criteria.
14. Rules – this rules and regulations implementing the Act.
15. Standards – set of written functional, aesthetic and technical requirements in the
form of specifications or guidelines to ensure that a product and service complies
with the rules and regulations set forth by the Department.

17
Essential Knowledge

To perform the aforesaid big picture (unit learning outcomes) for the last two (2) weeks of the
course, you need to fully understand the following essential knowledge that will be laid down
in the succeeding pages. Please note that you are not limited to exclusively refer to the
these resources. Thus, you are expected to utilize other books, research articles and other
resources that are available in the university’s library e.g. ebrary, search.proquest.com
etc.

You are now in the last part of the module. In this part of the course you will study
the different criteria as required by Department of Tourism in accrediting ecotour
facilities. Having a deep understanding about the standard requirements mandated
by the government will further enhance the ability of a facility manager to employ a
sound environmental protection while conducting facilities operations.

STANDARD REQUIREMENTS FOR ACCREDITATION OF AN ECOTOUR

FACILITY

In pursuant to the provisions of Republic Act 7160, executive order no. 120 and
executive order no. 111 series of 1999, the following rules and regulations to govern
the accreditation of ecolodges and ecotour facilities are hereby promulgated.
(dot.gov.ph)

Section 1. Requirements for Securing Core Accreditation. The following are the
minimum requirements for securing core accreditation as an ecotour facility:

Natural and/or Cultural Area Focus

The ecotour facilities is restricted to natural and/or cultural area. Hence, the following
are the standard minimum requirements in managing an ecotour facility.

1. Ecotour facilities should allow each visitor to spend more time with nature or
culture.
2. Visitors are accorded opportunity to directly experience nature and culture.
3. Facilities are built to enhance natural environment and monitor visitor
movement or activity.

Community Participation

In order for the facilities to operate efficiently, there should be participation within the
community where it is located. Prior to the construction, consultation or regular
meeting is undertaken to inform and elicit inputs form local residents on the
development or operation of the activity. In the case of indigenous people prior
informed consultation is conducted. Community group is formed, organized to assist
in the sustainable management of the resources.

18
Environmental Sustainability

In order to help protect and manage the environment, culture and the people around
the area, the following practices should be adhered.

Location

It also involve proper site selection. The site selection not only for an ecotour
facilities plays an important role in the proper management of the facility.

The following are considered in site selection:

1. Areas of high conservation value are avoided;
2. Disturbed sites are used rather than undisturbed areas;
3. Rehabilitation of natural process is undertaken;
4. Culturally sensitive areas are avoided;
5. Adverse effects on local communities are minimized; and
6. Unnecessary development is avoided.

Use of the site is identified in land use plans, strategic plans and zoning plans. The
following are secured prior to development:

1. Necessary permit or clearance from appropriate government agencies;

and
2. Prior informed consent is undertaken, if there exist indigenous
communities

The facility operator should include in their plan the environmental planning and
impact assessment as mandated by the government. The environmental plan should
be approved by the appropriate authority. The following are addressed in formal
impact assessment:

1. Ecological risk which include conservation significance and rehabilitation

of the resources.
2. Impact of any development and mitigating measures.
3. Environmental plan should be approved by appropriate authority.

In line with the environmental management of the facilities, the following should be
included in the environmental plan management system.

1. Type and degree of physical intervention.

2. Environmental characteristics or natural features of the site and
management issues or challenges on how to properly manage it.
3. Appropriate responses to environmental harm caused by accidental and
emergency situations. Example: Risk management plan
4. Staff training requirement to implement the environmental management
system.

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 6. Appropriate steps to correct and prevent non-compliance with the system
standards. This means there should be procedures to implement to
consistently comply with the standards

In order only to comply with the standards but to ensure environmental protection is
being carry out by the facility, it is important to train the staff so that environmental
management of the facility is always in place.

The following should be included in the training provided to staff:

1. Natural or cultural value of site;

2. Environmental or cultural management issues;
3. Principles of ecotourism and how they are achieved
4. Practices that must be followed or observed as part of their duties; and
5. Monitoring and reporting procedures

Site Disturbance

Site interruption or disturbance is any activity which affects the ground surface
and/or vegetation (i.e.: clearing, grubbing, cut/fill, grading, excavating for
foundations, etc.).
It is also an event or force, of nonbiological or biological origin, that brings about
mortality to organisms and changes in their spatial patterning in the ecosystems they
inhabit.
Disturbance plays a significant role in shaping the structure of individual populations
and the character of whole ecosystems (britanica.com).

In order to present site disturbance in the area of ecolodge facility, the following
should be adhered to:

a. Extreme surface modifications are avoided;

b. Minimal clearing of native vegetation is involved and disruption to wildlife
movement and breeding patterns is avoided;
c. Minimal disturbance to cultural heritage is undertaken;
d. Landscaping is conducted in ways that reflect the character of the local or
surrounding; and
e. No residual pesticides or herbicides are used.
f. Rare species of flora and fauna are not threatened from clearing and site
development.

Construction Methods and Materials

Another means to prevent negative effect of a particular facility being built in an

environmental site is through the use of environmental friendly materials and green
construction process.

The following measures be undertaken to minimize the environmental impact of

construction or renovation of facilities:

20
 1. Excavation and disturbance to groundcover is minimized;
2. Appropriate construction techniques are used;
3. Locally produced, recycled, and sustainable reduce amount of water for the
following: materials are used;
4. Timber treated with arsenic or copper and residual pesticides are not used;
and
5. Soil and gravel are ensured to be free from weed
6. Contractors and construction workers are briefed on the natural or cultural
values of the area and the appropriate environmental protection measures to
be observed.

Visual Impact

Visual impact or also known as visual pollution is a change in the appearance of the
landscape as a result of development which can be positive (improvement) or
negative (detraction) (IEA and the Landscape Institute, 1995).

The following are the minimum standard requirements to minimize or to totally avoid
visual pollution in the site.

a. Layout and design of ecotour facilities involved visual analysis. This means
using green design principles.
b. Physical intervention is developed to blend with the natural or cultural
environment.
c. Height and dimension of physical intervention are screened by topographic
features.
d. Color and reflectivity of surfaces are undertaken to blend with the landscape
of the site.
e. Native vegetation is retained or included in landscaping to screen facilities

Light

The facilities should always maximize the use of natural lighting. Giving attention to
window sizes, spacing, details such as light shelves to optimize natural lighting.

The following measures are undertaken to minimize excessive use of illumination

around the site:
a. Natural light is used as much as possible;
b. External lighting is kept that is necessary for orientation, security and
safety;
c. Only illuminated signage is used for emergency exits
d. Incandescent floodlights are not used outdoors;
e. Visitors are provided with portable lights to avoid fixed lighting outside and
f. Compact fluorescent bulbs are used, wherever possible.

Water Supply and Conservation

In order to always have available water in the area it is important to identify the
source of water in the vicinity and proper exercise proper usage of water in the site.

21
Use of water from natural sources such as rivers and streams should be maintained
to a level that will not reduce the amount for water for the following :

1. Local communities;
2. Local vegetation and native animals;
3. Downstream water flow; and
4. Groundwater resources.

Ecologically sustainable use of water supply is observed in any of the following:

1. Collected rain water;

2. Extraction from surface water;
3. Extraction from ground water; and
4. Desalination of water. It is a process where the excess salts are removed
from sea water transforming it into potable or usable water

To further maximize the use of water supply and apply water conservation, the
following measures should be practice in the ecotour facilities:

1. Small sinks (less than 5 liters) is provided;

2. Reuse of treated sewage effluent is undertaken;
3. Rain water is collected and used;
4. Automatic turn-off taps are provided;
5. Dual or low flush toilets are used;

Waste water

In compliance with the environmental protection, the ecotour facilities should ensure
waste minimization practices is promoted.

Noise

In accordance to environmental protection and as part of the facilities management,

facility manager should make sure that not only the visitors, or end-users of the
facilities but also the community surrounding it will not experience noise pollution.
They will make certain that the following measures are observed:

a. Noise is kept at a level not more than the background noise in nearby natural
areas or communities.
b. Visitors are provided opportunity to experience “ natural quiet “ while in natural
areas.

Air Quality

Air quality in the area of ecotour facilities should be free from any sort of pollutants.
This also means the degree to which the ambient or circling air is pollution-free. This
is so important in making sure that the protection in the environment is in place while
conducting facilities operations. Facility managers should ensure that smoking and
other sort is prohibited in the area

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Waste Management

Waste management has become a major component of facility management.

Correct or proper disposal of waste is more difficult in ecotour facility, strict
adherence relevant policies and guidelines on waste management can be a big help
in maintaining environmental protection in the area. Complying with this rules means
that all litter and food scraps are carried out of the site using approved disposal.

Energy Efficiency

Appropriate energy use is another method to prevent negative effect of a particular

facility being develop to the environment. It is an essential part of the facility
management to make certain that standard measures set by the authority are
adhered to such as:

a. Natural ventilation is used; and

b. Natural lighting is used.
c. Staff are given responsibility to minimize energy use and cost

Visitor Management

One of the integral components of facility management is to ensure that the visitors,
customers, clients or end-users of the facilities will have an optimum quality
experience when they use the facilities. In terms of ecotour facility, it is a must that
visitors will take part in the implementation of environmental protection. Part of the
minimum standard requirement for an ecotour facility to be accredited by DOT is to
have a provision for rest areas, the details of which is stated below

Rest areas

a. Adequate rest stations or sites are provided.

b. Public toilets are used wherever possible. Where there are no public toilets,
human wastes are buried in a hole at least 15 cm deep and at least 100 meters
water bodies or campsites.
c. Comfort rooms are clean and provided with basic amenities such as soap,
tissue paper, etc.

23
 Self-Help: You can also refer to the sources below to help you
further understand the lesson:

Atkin, B. Brooks, A. (2015) Total Facility Management 4th edition retrieved from
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/uniofmindanao-
ebooks/reader.action?docID=1895527&query=Facility+management

Ceschin , Fabrizio (2020) Design for Sustainability: A Multi-level Framework from Products
to Socio-technical Systems retrieved from
https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780429456510

Dale, C. Hassanien, A. (2013) Facilities Management and Development for Tourism,

Hospitality and Events. Boston, USA.

Department of Tourism (2008). Rules and Regulations to Govern the Accreditation of

Ecolodges and Ecotour Facilities. (ra 7160, eo120, eo11, s1999). Department of
tourism Philippines retrieve from
http://accreditationonline.tourism.gov.ph/Downloadables/Standards/EcoTour.pdf

Worboys, Graeme (2015) Protected area governance and management retrieved from
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/uniofmindanao-
ebooks/reader.action?docID=3543952&query=tourism+facility+management

Keywords Index. The following terms, words, phrases and concepts discussed in this
lesson are essential for you to keep in mind. Please study the terms below.

Ecotour faciities Site Disturbance Location

Visual Impact Light Water Supply and Conservation

Wastewater Noise Air Quality

Waste Management Energy Efficiency Accreditation

Core Accreditation Rules Standards

Visitor management

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Let’s Analyze

Activity 1. Now that you have read the different guidelines in implementing environmental
protection in tourism facility, let us try to check what you remember about of lesson. In the
space provided, write the following:

A. What should be adhered to in the site disturbance guidelines of an ecotour

facilities?
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

B. There are several guidelines stated for the facility management to follow in order to
implement environmental protection while operating an ecotour facility, cite at least 2 that
you can elaborate more using your own words.

25
 In a Nutshell

Activity 1. Based on what you have learned from different guidelines in

implementing environmental protection in tourism facility and the learning exercises
that you have done, please feel free to write your arguments or lessons learned
below.

Your Turn

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

26
Q&A LIST.
This portion, allows you to write your question and issues relative to the lesson you would
like to raise. You may also raise these questions thru the LMS. You are also the one to write
the answers after questions have been clarified.

Your Turn
Questions/Issues Answers

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

End of module

Consider it pure joy, my brothers and sisters, whenever you face trials of many kinds, because you
know that the testing of your faith produces perseverance. Let perseverance finish its works so that
you may mature and complete, not lacking anything.

– James 1:2-4

God Bless You

27
COURSE SCHEDULES

This section calendars all the activities and exercises, including readings and lectures, as
well as time for making assignments and doing other requirements, in a programmed
schedule by days and weeks, to help the students in SDL pacing, regardless of mode of
delivery (OBD or DED).

Activity Date Where to Submit

Week 1 - 3

Big Picture A: Let’s Check Activities May 28, 2020 BB’s LMS quiz feature

Big Picture A: Let’s Analyze Activities May 29, 2020 BB’s forum

Big Picture A: In a Nutshell Activities May 30, 2020 BB’s forum

Big Picture A: QA List May 30, 2020 BB’s forum

Big Picture B: Let’s Check Activities June 4, 2020 BB’s LMS quiz feature

Big Picture B: Let’s Analyze Activities June 5, 2020 BB’s forum

Big Picture B: In a Nutshell Activities June 6, 2020 BB’s forum

Big Picture B: QA List June 6, 2020 BB’s forum

Big Picture C: Let’s Check Activities June 10, 2020 BB’s LMS quiz feature

Big Picture C: Let’s Analyze Activities June 11, 2020 BB’s forum

Big Picture C: In a Nutshell Activities June 11, 2020 BB’s forum

Big Picture C: QA List June 11, 2020 BB’s forum

FIRST EXAM June 12, 2020 BB LMS

Week 4 -5

Big Picture A: Let’s Check Activities June 18, 2020 BB’s LMS quiz feature

Big Picture A: Let’s Analyze Activities June 19, 2020 BB’s forum

Big Picture A: In a Nutshell Activities June 20, 2020 BB’s forum

Big Picture A: QA List June 20, 2020 BB’s forum

Big Picture B: Let’s Check Activities June 24, 2020 BB’s LMS quiz feature

Big Picture B: Let’s Analyze Activities June 25, 2020 BB’s forum

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Big Picture B: In a Nutshell Activities June 26, 2020 BB’s forum

Big Picture B: QA List June 26, 2020 BB’s forum

SECOND EXAM June 26, 2020 BB LMS

Week 6 - 7

Big Picture A: Let’s Check Activities July 2, 2020 BB’s LMS quiz feature

Big Picture A: Let’s Analyze Activities July 3, 2020 BB’s forum

Big Picture A: In a Nutshell Activities July 4, 2020 BB’s forum

Big Picture A: QA List July 4, 2020 BB’s forum

Big Picture B: Let’s Check Activities July 8, 2020 BB’s LMS quiz feature

Big Picture B: Let’s Analyze Activities July 9, 2020 BB’s forum

Big Picture B: In a Nutshell Activities July 10, 2020 BB’s forum

Big Picture B: QA List July 10, 2020 BB’s forum

THIRD EXAM July 10, 2020 BB LMS

Week 8 - 9

Big Picture A: Let’s Check Activities July 16, 2020 BB’s LMS quiz feature

Big Picture A: Let’s Analyze Activities July 17, 2020 BB’s forum

Big Picture A: In a Nutshell Activities July 18, 2020 BB’s forum

Big Picture A: QA List July 18, 2020 BB’s forum

Activity Date Where to Submit

Big Picture B: Let’s Check Activities July 22, 2020 BB’s LMS quiz feature

Big Picture B: Let’s Analyze Activities July 22, 2020 BB’s forum

Big Picture B: In a Nutshell Activities July 23, 2020 BB’s forum

Big Picture B: QA List July 23, 2020 BB’s forum

FINAL EXAM July 23-24, 2020 BB LMS

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Course prepared by:

LIWLIWA B. LAGMAN

Course Facilitator/Faculty

Course reviewed by:

AMOR B. JANGAO

Program Head, BSTM

Approved by:

FLORENCE KRISTINA M. JIMENEZ

Dean, CHE

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