WEEKLY LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

T.L.E._AFA-Horticulture10 Quarter _III_ Week 6 & 7_

Transplanting Seedling

Name: ___________________________________ Section:

______________________

Learning Objective:

LO 1 – Transplanting seedling
3.3 Transplant seedlings following the right recommendation
(TLE_AFHC10PV-IIIf-g-3)
3.3.1 Distance and depth of planting
3.3.2 Characteristics of good quality seed
3.3.3 Procedures and recommendation on transplanting

Time Allotment: 2 Week

Key Concepts:

 Transplanting is the process of moving a fully germinated seedling (or mature

plant) and replanting it in a permanent location for the growing
season. Transplanting is an important part of agribusiness in northern
climates because it extends the flowering or fruit bearing season of many
plants.
 Rate of Planting
As cited in the Competency Based Learning Material (CBLM) of Tech-Voc in:
Produce Vegetable Crops (2007), among the factors to be considered with
regard to the quantity or rate of seeds to plant are:

 The viability of the seeds. Seeds known to be low in viability should be

planted more thickly than those having high viability. Seeds held over from
one year to the next planting season should be tested for germination. If the
percentage of germination is low or if the sprouts are weak, the seeds should
not be planted.
  The condition of the soil. When the soil and weather conditions are
unfavorable, more seeds should be planted than when the conditions are
favorable.

 The size and vigor of the plants. Seeds that produce delicate and weak
plants such as carrots should be planted quite thickly to ensure a good
stand. Any excess of plants may be removed to prevent crowding.

 The possible ravages of insects. In planting seeds, it is a common practice

to plant freely in order to have several times as many plants that are needed
to give allowance to ravages of insects. Later on, you can practice thinning if
you found out that your plants are crowding.

 Depth of Planting
The most important factor in direct seeding is the planting depth. Depth of
planting depends on the soil moisture and soil type. Soil particles should be fine
when small seeds are planted. For large-seeded crops, such as squash, the need
for thorough land preparation is less. Seeds should be placed deeper in light
(sandy) soils to prevent them from drying up. Shallow planting is required in
heavy soils. As a rule of thumb, the soil cover after setting should be about five
times the diameter of the seed.

Plant seedlings at the correct depth

 Planting Distance of Directly Seeded Vegetable Crops

 Proper spacing between hills and rows is important to allow growth of
plants, ease of cultivation, and efficient use of space. Generally, the depth of
planting depends on the size of the seed. The recommended distance of
planting, depth of planting, and rate of seeding of selected vegetable crops are
given in the table below.

Table 8. Distance of planting, depth of planting, and rate of seeding of

selected vegetable crops according to Canare et. al (2012).
Distance of Planting Depth of Rate of
Crop Row (cm) Hill (cm) Planting (cm) Seeding
(per hill)
Squash 100 75 2-3 1-2
Dishrag gourd 150 100 2-3 1-2
Bottle gourd 150 100 2-3 1-2
Bitter gourd 100 75 2-3 1-2
Ladies finger 100 75 2-3 2-3
Cowpea 75 30 2-3 2-3
String beans 100 50 2-3 2-3
Winged bean 100 75 2-3 1-2
Pole Snap beans 100 50 2-3 2-3
Bush Snap beans 75 30 2-3 2-3
Pole Lima beans 100 30 2-3 2-3
Bush lima bean10 75 30 2-3 2-3
Mungbean 75 30 2-3 2-4

 Transplanting Vegetable Seedlings

After the soil has been prepared, the next activity is to transplant seedlings.
Seedlings are considered ready to be transplanted when they are sturdy enough
to withstand field conditions. While still in the seedbed or container in a
confined area, they are carefully guarded against environmental stresses. The
age or size of the seedling at the time of transplanting is very important.
Generally, the smaller the seedling, the easier it is to transplant and the quicker
its recovery. When several seedlings are grown in seed boxes where root zone is
shallow, blocking is practiced one week before transplanting as a preparation
for KNOW transplanting. A knife is passed along the row and between plants so
that a seedling is confined to a block. The process cuts all the roots along the
path of the knife. Regeneration occurs mostly within the blocked area. Thereby,
it is expected that root destruction at transplanting will be less. According to
Bautista (1977), hardening can be done in several ways and should be started
7-10 days before transplanting. It is a continuous process ending when the
seedlings are set in the field. One way of hardening is to expose plants gradually
to strong sunlight and to withhold water to make the plant wilt temporarily but
not allowing it to lapse into a state of permanent wilting.

Characteristics of Good Quality Seedlings

1. Uniform in growth
2. Healthy and sturdy
3. Free from diseases
4. Free from off-types

Why transplant vegetable seedlings?

 to allow sufficient space for stocky development of the plants
 to select good, healthy and sturdy seedlings
 to eliminate diseased and weak seedlings

Rules in Transplanting
 Keep the newly uprooted seedlings from direct sunlight.
 Keep the roots moist and the tops dry while transferring the seedlings.
 Keep as much soil on the roots as possible.
 Settle the soil around the roots when watering.
 Handle seedlings carefully to avoid damage.
 Transplant late in the afternoon or on a cloudy day and shade the seedlings

Steps in Transplanting Vegetable Seedlings

1. Water the seedlings a day before transplanting.
2. Uproot the desired number of seedlings to be planted.
3. Dig a hole big enough to receive the root system without bending it into the
space.
4. Plant one seedling per hill.
5. Cover the roots properly and the shoot apex should be higher than the
ground level of the bed or the soil should not cover the first leaves after
planting
6. Press the soil after planting to have better contacts of the roots with the soil.
7. Irrigate the transplanted seedlings.
8. If necessary, provide the seedlings a temporary shade for at least 3 – 4 days
for faster recovery.
 Planting Distance of Transplanted Seedlings
Proper spacing between rows and hills is important to allow growth of
plants, ease of cultivation, and efficient use of space. Generally, the depth of
planting depends on the kinds of crop and size of the seedling. Recommended
distance of planting, depth of planting, and rate of seeding of selected vegetable
crops is shown in the table below.

Table 9. Distance of planting, depth of planting, and rate of seeding of selected

vegetable crops according to Canare et. al (2012).

Distance of Planting Depth of Rate of

Crop Row (cm) Hill (cm) Planting (cm) Seeding (per
hill)
Tomato 100 75 2-3 1
Eggplant 100 75 2-3 1
Pepper 100 75 2-3 1
Pechay 15 15 2-3 1
Cabbage 75 40 2-3 1
Carrots 15 15 2-3 1
Cauliflower 35 30 2-3 1
Radish 20 15 2-3 1
Onion 15 15 2-3 1
Mustard 15 15 2-3 1
Lettuce 20 20 2-3 1

Summary/Feedback
A well-prepared soil is not necessary in transplanting. However, a well-
prepared soil ensures optimum growth and development of crops. Transplanting
allows a much better control of the environment during the early stage of plant
growth, thus giving the plant a head start. The best time to transplant is just before
or after a rain, provided the soil is workable. During the hot or dry season,
transplanting should be done late in the afternoon. This will lessen transplanting
shock of the seedling to facilitate its recovery.

Exercises/Activities

Activity No.1 – Reflect and Understand

 Look any pictures of different models of gardening. Draw ideas from the
pictures taken. Think of a concept that will give aesthetic beauty to your
vegetable garden.
  Interview at least two farmers near your community who are engaged in
vegetable farming. Ask them about their practices in transplanting. Identify
their common practices. Write your findings in a sheet of paper.

Activity No.2 – Match Me Up

Matching Type: Directions: Match the items in Column A with the items in
Column B. Write only the letter of the correct answer in your test notebook.

Column A Column B
1. young plant that emerged from a seed a. advantage of transplanting
2. 1-2 weeks before transplanting b. Seedlings
3. late in the afternoon c. Hand trowel
4. produce is handled with extra care d. Quality seedlings
5. healthy and sturdy e. Hardening
6. eliminates diseased and weak seedlings f. transplanting time
7. most important factor in direct seeding g. blocking
8. Keep as much soil on the roots as possible k. carrots
9. practiced one week before transplanting l. rules in transplanting
10. Seeds that produce delicate and weak plants m. planting depth

Activity No. 3 - Let Me Know

Directions: Read and understand the questions below. Write the letter of the
correct answer in a paper.

1. The rate of planting should be taken into consideration when planting

vegetables. When should more seeds be planted?
a. When seeds are viable seedlings.
b. When the soil and weather condition is favorable.
c. When seeds produce sturdy and vigorous seedlings.
d. When there are possible ravages of insects in the area.

2. What is not true about the rate of planting?

a. More seeds are planted when seeds have low viability.
b. More seeds are planted when seeds produce delicate and weak seedlings.
 c. Less seeds are planted when the soil and weather condition are favorable.
d. Less seeds are planted when there are possible ravages of insects in the area.
3. Depth of planting is the most important factor in direct seeding. Which is not
considered in determining the depth of planting?
a. Types of soil
b. Size of the seed
c. Shape of the seed
d. Amount of moisture in the soil
4. Which of the following set of vegetables are directly planted in the field?
a. Squash, patola, pole sitao
b. Spinach, pechay, mustard
c. Eggplant, lettuce, ampalaya
d. Pepper, snap beans, tomato Summative assessment
5. There are factors to consider in selecting seedlings of vegetable crops. Which of
the choices is not a consideration?
a. Seedlings should be uniform in size and weak.
b. Seedlings should be free from insects and diseases.
c. Seedlings should come from productive mother plants.
d. Seedlings should come from a plant that is vigorous and of known identity.

Reflections:

Complete this statement:

What I have learned in this activity

___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
______________________________________.
 References

Agustin, M.B., J. DG. Canare, Jr., DF.P. Castro, D.T. Eligio, R.L.
Encarnacion, P.S. Nitural, R.T. Tapic and P.T. Vizmonte, Jr.
200. Fundamentals of Crop Science II. Laboratory Manual in Crop Science
105. Department of Crop Science, College of Agriculture, Central Luzon State
University, Science City of Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines.

Anon. 2007. Training Manual in Horticulture NC II. Maddela Institute of

Technology.

Canare, J.G., P.S. Nitural, N.V. Tamayo, R.T. Tapic, P.T. Vizmonte, DF.P. Castro
and
EJ M. Guittap. 2010. Practices in Crop Production. Department of Crop
Science,College of Agriculture, Central Luzon State University, Science City
of Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines.

Mabesa, R.C., O.K. Bautista and J.R. Novak. 1977. Planting Vegetable Crops: In:
Vegetable Production. University of the Philippines at Los Banos, College of
Agriculture, Laguna, Philippines.

CBLM of Tech-Voc Schools. Perform Direct Planting and Transplanting. In: Produce
Vegetable Crops.

http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/farming-with-raised-beds-in-an-
urbanenvironment.html. Retrieved February 27, 2014.

Prepared by:

LORENA B. PASAYLO
ANHS Prac Arts Department
Answer Key: