Time of Diagnostic

Onset Symptoms Environmental Medical Breath Vital Heart Examinations and

Condition Aspects of Age Increase Main Cause Factors Factors Sound Signs Sound Investigations
Doppler
Formation of Air pollution, ultrasound, CT
blood clots secondhand Hormonal scan, blood tests
that travel and Prolonged smoke, imbalances, Normal (D-dimer,
block blood Adult, Symptoms immobility, hormonal certain Increased heart coagulation
Thromboembolism vessels Old persist surgery changes medications Normal HR, BP sounds studies)
Inflammatory Clinical evaluation,
heart disease echocardiogram,
resulting from Overcrowded Genetic Abnormal blood tests
prior Child, Untreated living predisposition, heart (antistreptolysin O
Rheumatic Heart streptococcal Teen, Symptoms streptococcal conditions, poor immune Increased sounds titer, C-reactive
Disease infection Adult may persist infection hygiene response Normal HR (murmurs) protein)
Blockage of
blood flow to Abnormal ECG, cardiac
the heart Smoking, Atherosclerosis, heart enzymes
muscle unhealthy diet, blood clot sounds (troponin),
Myocardial resulting in Adult, Symptoms Coronary artery sedentary formation, Increased (muffled, coronary
Infarction tissue damage Old persist blockage lifestyle genetic factors Abnormal HR, BP distant S1) angiography
Impaired heart
function Echocardiogram,
leading to Exposure to Heart valve Abnormal
chest X-ray,
fluid Coronary artery toxins, abnormalities, heart cardiac MRI, blood
Congestive Heart accumulation Adult, Symptoms disease, pollution, high cardiac muscle Increased sounds tests (BNP,
Failure in the body Old persist hypertension sodium intake damage Crackles HR, BP (murmurs) electrolytes)
Maternal Echocardiogram,
Structural exposure to Abnormal cardiac
heart defects Infant, Genetic factors, certain drugs, Family history, heart catheterization,
Congenital Heart present at Child, Symptoms maternal alcohol, chromosomal Increased sounds chest X-ray,
Disease birth Teen may persist infections infections abnormalities Abnormal HR (murmurs) electrocardiogram
Inflammatory
disease Exposure to Clinical evaluation,
causing blood cold angiography, blood
vessel Autoimmune temperatures, Genetic factors, Normal tests (inflammatory
Thromboangitis blockage in Adult, Symptoms response, trauma, immune system Increased heart markers), Doppler
Obliterans the extremities Old may persist smoking infections abnormalities Normal HR sounds ultrasound
Inflammation Injury to the Blood clotting Clinical evaluation,
of a vein with Prolonged vein, obesity, disorders, Normal ultrasound, blood
the formation Adult, Symptoms immobility, hormonal hormonal Increased heart tests (D-dimer),
Thrombophlebitis of a blood clot Old persist surgery changes changes Normal HR sounds venography
CT angiography,
Prolonged ventilation-
Blockage of a immobility, Cancer, Abnormal perfusion scan,
pulmonary surgery, pregnancy, heart blood tests (D-
Pulmonary artery by a Adult, Symptoms Deep vein hormonal certain Increased sounds dimer, coagulation
Embolism blood clot Old persist thrombosis changes medications Decreased HR (murmurs) studies)
Blood cultures,
Infection of Dental echocardiogram,
the inner procedures, Heart valve Abnormal blood tests
lining of the intravenous abnormalities, heart (inflammatory
heart valves or Adult, Symptoms Bacterial or drug use, poor weakened Increased sounds markers, blood
Endocarditis chambers Old persist fungal infection oral hygiene immune system Normal HR (murmurs) cultures)
Enlarged, Prolonged
twisted veins standing,
typically Weak or obesity, Family history, Normal Clinical evaluation,
occurring in Adult, Symptoms damaged vein hormonal hormonal heart ultrasound, venous
Varicose Veins the legs Old persist valves changes changes Normal Normal sounds Doppler study
 Time of Diagnostic
Onset Symptoms Environmental Medical Breath Vital Heart Examinations and
Condition Aspects of Age Increase Main Cause Factors Factors Sound Signs Sound Investigations
Blood pressure
measurement,
blood tests (lipid
Persistently Obesity, kidney Normal profile, renal
elevated blood Adult, Symptoms Genetics, High sodium disease, certain Increased heart function),
Hypertension pressure levels Old persist lifestyle factors intake, stress medications Normal BP sounds electrocardiogram
Narrowing or Clinical evaluation,
blockage of High blood ankle-brachial
blood vessels Smoking, pressure, high Normal index, imaging
Peripheral Vascular outside the Adult, Symptoms Atherosclerosis, sedentary cholesterol heart tests (ultrasound,
Disease heart Old persist diabetes lifestyle levels Normal Normal sounds angiography)
Persistence of
a blood vessel Clinical evaluation,
connecting the echocardiogram,
aorta and Abnormal chest X-ray,
pulmonary Infant, Premature birth, Genetic factors, heart electrocardiogram,
Patent Ductus artery after Child, Symptoms Abnormal fetal maternal drug maternal Increased sounds cardiac
Arteriosus birth Teen may persist development use infections Abnormal HR (murmurs) catheterization
Clinical evaluation,
echocardiogram,
chest X-ray,
electrocardiogram,
cardiac MRI,
Abnormalities cardiac
in the heart Heart Abnormal catheterization,
valves conditions, heart blood tests
Valvular Heart impairing Adult, Symptoms Birth defects, Rheumatic radiation Increased sounds (inflammatory
Disease blood flow Old may persist age-related wear fever, infections therapy Abnormal HR (murmurs) markers)