COR016: MODULE 2 most of the false and accurate
Intro to MIL
Media and Information Literacy
- enables people to interpret and make
informed judgments
- become skillful creators and producers
of information and media messages in
their own right.
- emphasizes the ability to understand
media functions, evaluate how they are
performed, and use them for self-
expression, while information literacy
emphasizes the importance of access to
information and the evaluation and
ethical use of such information.
- considers all forms of media and other
information providers such as libraries,
archives, museums, Internet, and other
technology used.
- focuses on the freedom of expression
and information since it empowers
citizens to understand the functions of
media and other information providers
- to evaluate their content, and to make
informed criticism as users and
producers of information and media
content.
Information Literacy and Media
Literacy
- traditionally seen as separate fields.
- strategy that brings together these two
fields as a combined set of
competencies (knowledge, skills, and
attitude) necessary for life and works
today.
Value of being a mil literate person
- give us an advantage in our modern
world, especially in terms of giving and
gathering information knowing best
information in different kinds of
media, especially in media.
- Citizens will gain more advantages
compared to other countries which
stay in the traditional way of being
literate such as referring to libraries,
archives, newspapers, etc.
- mostly in terms of good governance
and accountability.
- some other benefits are improving the
quality of life, learning environment,
and more cohesive learning units.
- gives us the freedom to express
ourselves and information that is very
important in our democratic
government to give us equal rights to
the citizens and to create peace among
all cultures.
- it can help us in our learning process
to gain more information to be used in
our future endeavors, especially in our
future jobs.
- gain inspiration to become future
innovators to help the country to
develop economically and
technologically
- we can promote our country and its
rich cultural literature
To become media literate is to learn, to
raise the right questions about what
you are watching, reading, or listening
to.
To be information literate a person
must be able to recognize when
information is needed and have the
ability to locate, evaluate and use it
effectively.
Definition of terms
 working independently with
LITERACY others, to use technological tools
- The ability to identify, responsibly, appropriately, and
understand, interpret, create, effectively
communicate and compute, - Using these tools, an individual
using printed and written can access manage, evaluate,
materials associated with varying create, and communicate
contexts. information.
MEDIA
- The physical objects are used to media and information literacy
communicate with the mass - the essential skills and
communication through physical competencies that allow
objects such as radio, television, individuals to engage with media
film, etc.. and other information providers
- It also refers to any physical effectively as well as develop
object used to communicate critical thinking and lifelong
messages learning skills to socialize and
become active citizens.
media literacy
- the ability to access analyze
evaluate and create media in a
variety of forms
- it aims to empower citizens by
providing them with the
competencies (knowledge and
skills) necessary to engage with
traditional media and new
technologies.
Information
- a broad term that covers process
data knowledge derived from
study experience instruction
signals or symbols.
Information literacy
- the ability to recognize when
information is needed and locate
evaluate and effectively
communicate information in its
various formats

technology and literacy

- the ability of an individual either
 COR016: MODULE 3 how did they store/share info?
identify the evolution of traditional to
new media - Printing press or books
- Computers
PREHISTORIC AGE
- people discovered fire develop NEW (DIGITAL) AGE
paper from plants and forge - People advance the use of
equipment microelectronics in the invention of
- papyrus plant personal computers, mobile
How did they communicate? devices, and wearable technology.
- traditional paper and writing - in this age the Internet paved the
materials way for faster communication and
how did they share/store info? the creation of the social network.
- traditional paper and writing - moreover voice image sound and
materials data are digitalized
- cave writing
How did they communicate?
- Personal computers, mobile
INDUSTRIAL AGE phones, smartphones, wearable
- people use this power of steam to technology, social media
develop machine tools and
established buildings How did they store/share info?
how did they communicate? - Printing press or digital books,
- Paper and pen writing computers personal computers,
- Typewriter mobile phones, smartphones,
How did they share/store info? wearable technology, social media
- Printing press or books
- Radio

ELECTRONIC AGE
- People harnessed the power of
electricity that led to electrical
telegraphy electrical circuits and
early large-scale computers
(through vacuum tubes transistors
and integrated circuits)
- in this age long-distance
communication became possible

How did they communicate?

- Telegraph, telephone, computers
COR016: MODULE 4 Classifying Types of Media

Types of media

PRINT MEDIA
- this type of news media used
to be the only way of
delivering information to the
public
- For the generations of the 80s
and 90s print media was the
only media of entertainment
- People relied on newspapers
and magazines to learn
everything from recipes and
entertainment news to
important information about
the country or the world

Examples: newspapers,
magazines, books, banners,
billboards, brochures, Flyers

BROADCASTING MEDIA
- It is the most expedient means
to transmit information
immediately to the widest
possible audience although the
Internet currently challenges
television is the primary
source of news.
Examples: television, radio,
movies

INTERNET MEDIA
- Nowadays we are relying on
the Internet to get the news a
lot more often than the
traditional news sources
- Websites provide information
in the form of video text and
audio
- We can even choose the way
we want to receive the news

Examples: social networks or

websites, online forums, podcasts
 COR016: MODULE 6
Information literacy: definition and value
Definition of Information
- Data that has been collected,
processed, and interpreted in order to
be presented in a usable form.
- A broad term that can cover processed
data, knowledge derived from study,
experience, instruction, signals, or
symbols.
- often used to describe knowledge of
specific events or situations that have
been gathered or received by
communication, intelligence, or news
reports.
Information Literacy
 A set of individual competencies is
needed to identify, evaluate, and use
information in the most ethical,
efficient, and effective way across all
domains, occupations, and
professions.
 refers to the ability to recognize
when information is needed and to
locate, evaluate, effectively use, and
communicate Information in its
various forms.
Lead a discussion using the following guide
questions and prompts
How do you acquire and store
information?
 Sample answers: write, print,
photocopy, photograph, download,
cloud storage, record, external
memory drives, memory cards
How will you determine the quality and
accuracy of the information that you
have?
 Sample answers: It should come
from a reputable source, such as an
institution
How do you use the information that you
have?
 Sample answers: share, apply,
announce, post, archive, reminder,
answer a query, clarify confusion
How will you communicate information?
 Sample answers: announcement,
text, post to social media, face to face
session, note, chat, email, save file
In this context these questions can be
thought of as the 'elements' that make up
an individual's Information Literacy, but
they can also be thought of as 'stages'
because they can be the steps through
which one can become information
literate.

Why do you need information?

STAGE/ ELEMENTS OF
 Sample answers: to be updated with
INFORMATION LITERACY
the news, for learning/education
Stage 1: Information needs
purposes, for communication, and to
- (What information do you need?)
acquire the knowledge needed for
decision-making.
Stage 2: Sources of information
- (Where do you search for
Where do you search for information?
information?)
 Sample answers: internet, television,
library, radio, newspapers, etc.
Stage 3: Access to the information
- (How do you acquire and store
information?)
Stage 4: Evaluate information
- (How will you check the quality of
information?)

Stage 5: Organize information

- (How will you organize and store
them?)

Stage 6: Communicate information

- (How will you create and
communicate them?)
 COR016: MODULE 7
Types of media: print, broadcast, new
media and media convergence
Media Convergence
- The co-existence of traditional and
new media.
- The co-existence of print media,
broadcast media (radio and
television), the Internet, mobile
phones, as well as others, allows media
content to flow across various
platforms.
- The ability to transform different
kinds of media into digital code, which
is then accessible by a range of devices
(ex. from the personal computer to the
mobile phone), thus creating a digital
communication environment.
Example: magazines, radio programs, TV
shows, and
movies, now are available on the Internet
through laptops, iPads, and smartphones.
COR016: MODULE 8
recognizing media and information
sources
MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY
Indigenous
- comes from traditional practices that
are passed on through generations.
- This kind of knowledge is exclusive to
one's culture; however, it is still
acknowledged and supported because
this kind of information is still
considered void and valuable to many.
Forms of indigenous media and their local
examples:
a) Folk or traditional media
b) Gatherings and social
organizations
c) Direct observation
d) Records may be written, carved,
or oral
Library
- contains printed or digital media and
information.
- Libraries of published books are often
considered highly reliable, accurate,
and valuable
Examples: Books, encyclopedias,
dictionary, newspapers, multimedia CDs,
and more
Internet
- is a massive network of media and
information that can be accessed
through the World Wide Web.
- Internet sources are everywhere
especially since technology is used by a
lot of people nowadays.
Examples: Information found on the
Internet may be quite varied in form and
content. Thus, it is more difficult to
determine its reliability and accuracy.
Accessing information on the Internet is
easy but requires more discipline to check
and validate. Factual and fictitious data
are often merged.
What to consider in examining sources of
information?
1. RELIABILITY OF INFORMATION
- Information is said to be reliable if it
can be verified and evaluated. Others
refer to the trustworthiness of the
source in evaluating the reliability of
the information.
Skills in determining the reliability of the
information.
a) Check the author.
- The author's willingness to be
identified is a good indication of
reliability.
b) Check the date of publication of
update.
- While the information may be true, it
may not be reliable if it is outdated
and may have lost relevance.
c) Check for citations.
- Reliable authors have the discipline of
citing sources of their information
d) Check the domain or owner of the site
or page.
- The domains .edu and .gov are
reserved for academic institutions and
the government respectively.
- Information from sites are presented
with cautis and are usually well-
grounded.
- Site owners may have an agenda that
affects the manner by which
information is presented.
e) Check the site design and the writing
style.
- Credible sources take time to make
their information accessible and easy
to comprehend.
2. ACCURACY OF INFORMATION
- Accuracy refers to the closeness of the
report to the actual data.
- Measurement of accuracy varies,
depending on the type of information
being evaluated.
- Forecasts are said to be accurate if the
report is similar to the actual data.
- Financial information is considered
accurate if the values are correct,
properly classified, and presented
Skills in determining accurate
information.
a) Look for facts.
b) Cross-reference with other sources to
check for consistency.
c) Determine the reason for writing and
publishing the information. Check if the
author is objective or leaning heavily on a
certain point of view.
d) Check for advertising. Advertisers may
use related information to market their
products.
3. VALUE OF INFORMATION
- Information is said to be of value if it
aids the user in making or improving
decisions.
4. AUTHORITY OF THE SOURCE
- Much of the information we gather
daily does not come from a primary
source but is passed on through
secondary sources such as writers,
reporters, and the like.
- Sources with established expertise on
the subject matter are considered as
having sound authority on the subject.
5. TIMELINESS
- Reliability, accuracy, and value of
information may vary based on the
time it was produced or acquired.
- While a piece of information may have
been found accurate, reliable, and
valuable during the time it was
produced, it may become irrelevant
and inaccurate with the passing of
time (thus making it less valuable).
- Other information may be timeless,
proven to be the same in reliability,
accuracy, and value throughout
history.
QUESTIONS TO PONDER:
RELIABILITY
- What are the details of this piece of
news?
- Which of these details can be verified
in other sources?
- Could these details be true? Why or
why not?
ACCURACY
- Which of these facts are measurable?
- How were they derived? Was the
article written in an objective
manner?
- Is the article written with care?

VALUE
- Consider the audience of the article?
- Who would find this article valuable?

AUTHORITY
- Who wrote the article?
- How is the author related to the
article?
- What was his source?
- Are the sources properly cited?
- What is the reputation of the author?
- Is he known for some biases?

TIMELINESS
- When was the article written?
- Is it possible that some of the
information in the article has changed
in time?
- If yes, would the change have any
effect on the conclusion of the article?