‫‪Sohag University‬‬ ‫‪Civil Engineering Department‬‬

‫‪Faculty of Engineering‬‬ ‫‪Highway and Airport Engineering‬‬

‫‪Ver cal Alignment‬‬
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‫𝒆𝒗‪+‬‬ ‫∩ 𝒆𝒗𝒓𝒖𝒄 𝒕𝒔𝒆𝒓𝒄‬

‫𝒆𝒗‪𝒈𝟏 − 𝒈𝟐 = −‬‬ ‫∪ 𝒆𝒗𝒓𝒖𝒄 𝒈𝒂𝒔‬

‫‪PVI‬‬

‫‪g2‬‬
‫‪e‬‬

‫‪g1‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪PVT‬‬

‫‪Pcr‬‬
‫‪P‬‬ ‫‪Type equation here.‬‬

‫‪h‬‬

‫‪PVC‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫‪L/2‬‬ ‫‪L/2‬‬

‫| 𝑔 ‪𝐴 = |𝑔 −‬‬ ‫𝑒𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑔 𝑛𝑖 𝑒𝑐𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑑 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑏𝑒𝑔𝑙𝐴 → 𝐴‬

‫‪*Example: 𝑔 = 3% 𝑔 = −4%‬‬
‫‪𝐴 = |3 − (−4)| = 7‬‬

‫=𝑟‬ ‫‪𝑟 → 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑒.‬‬ ‫‪𝑙 → 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝐻𝑍 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑔𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛.‬‬

‫=𝑒‬ ‫‪𝑒 → 𝑒𝑥𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒.‬‬

‫=𝑦‬ ‫‪ℎ =𝑔 𝑥−𝑦 =𝑔 𝑥−‬‬

‫‪=𝑔 −‬‬
‫‪%‬‬
‫𝑥‬ ‫=‬ ‫= 𝑦‬ ‫𝑥‬
‫‪%‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫‪Eng Mohamed Allam‬‬
Sohag University Civil Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering Highway and Airport Engineering
Ver cal Alignment
‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬
Point x Sta on Eleva on
PVC zero  
PVI 𝑙/2 𝑠𝑡. 𝑃𝑉𝐶 + 𝑙/2 𝑔 𝑙
𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑣. 𝑃𝑉𝐶 +
2
PVT 𝑙 𝑠𝑡. 𝑃𝑉𝐶 + 𝑙 (𝑔 + 𝑔 )𝑙
𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑣. 𝑃𝑉𝐶 +
2
P 𝑥 𝑠𝑡. 𝑃𝑉𝐶 + 𝑋 (𝑔 − 𝑔 )
𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑣. 𝑃𝑉𝐶 + 𝑔 𝑥 + 𝑥
2𝑙
cri cal point 𝑥 𝑠𝑡. 𝑃𝑉𝐶 + 𝑥 (𝑔 − 𝑔 )
𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑣. 𝑃𝑉𝐶 + 𝑔 𝑥 + 𝑥
2𝑙

*Calcula ng length of curve

1. By using Sight Distances:
Crest Sag
SSD 𝐼𝑓 𝑆 ≤ 𝑙 𝐼𝑓 𝑆 ≤ 𝑙
𝑣 𝐴𝑆 𝐴𝑆
𝑆 = 0.278𝑣𝑡 + 𝑙= 𝑙=
255(𝑓 − 𝑔 ) 400 120 + 3.5𝑆
|𝑔 + 𝑔 | 𝐼𝑓 𝑆 > 𝑙 𝐼𝑓 𝑆 > 𝑙
𝑡 = 2𝑠𝑒𝑐. 𝑔 = 400 120 + 3.5𝑆
2 𝑙 = 2𝑆 − 𝑙 = 2𝑆 −
𝐴 𝐴
𝐼𝑓 𝑆 ≤ 𝑙
𝐴𝑆
PSD 𝑙=
940
𝐼𝑓 𝑆 > 𝑙
940
𝑙 = 2𝑆 −
𝐴
2. By using (k) values:
𝑳=𝒌∗𝑨
𝑘 → constant depends on the design speed.

2
Eng Mohamed Allam