Design of reinforced concrete

columns- part 3
Dr. Ansam Qsymah
Reinforced concrete -2
 Short columns
6. Based on loading:
– Axially loaded columns
– Eccentrically loaded columns where loads are acting at a distance e
from the center of the column section
– Biaxially loaded columns where the load is applied at any point on
the column, causing moments about both x- axis and y-axis.
Biaxial bending
Biaxial bending
 Load contour method
• Based on representing the failure surface by a family of curves
corresponding to constant value of Pn.
• The general form of these curves can be approximated by a non-
dimensional interaction equation:
 Load contour method
• 𝛼𝛼1 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝛼𝛼2 are exponents depending on:
– Column dimension
– Amount and distribution of steel reinforcement
– Stress-strain characteristics of steel and concrete
– Amount of concrete cover
– Size of lateral ties or spiral
• Falls in the rang 1.15 and 1.55 for square and
rectangular columns
 Reciprocal load method

𝑀𝑀𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛
𝑒𝑒𝑥𝑥 =
𝑃𝑃𝑛𝑛 𝑀𝑀𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛
𝑒𝑒𝑦𝑦 =
𝑃𝑃𝑛𝑛
Example 8.5
 Example 8.5
a) reciprocal load method
1- bending about y-axis
370
𝛾𝛾 = = 0.74
500
𝑒𝑒 150
= = 0.3
ℎ 500
𝐴𝐴𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 5160
𝜌𝜌𝑔𝑔 = = = 0.0318
𝑏𝑏ℎ 325 ∗ 500
𝐴𝐴𝑔𝑔 = 325 ∗ 500 = 162500𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚2
Use graphs A.6 (𝛾𝛾 =0.7)and A.7 (𝛾𝛾 =0.8)
 Example 8.5

𝑃𝑃0
𝐾𝐾𝑛𝑛 = ′ = 1.3
𝑓𝑓𝑐𝑐 𝐴𝐴𝑔𝑔

𝐾𝐾𝑛𝑛 =0.62
 Example 8.5

𝑃𝑃0
𝐾𝐾𝑛𝑛 = ′ = 1.3
𝑓𝑓𝑐𝑐 𝐴𝐴𝑔𝑔

𝐾𝐾𝑛𝑛 =0.65
 Example 8.5
• 𝛾𝛾=0.7𝐾𝐾𝑛𝑛 =0.62
𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾−0.62 0.74−0.7
• 𝛾𝛾=0.74𝐾𝐾𝑛𝑛 =?  = 𝐾𝐾𝑛𝑛 =0.63
0.65−0.62 0.8−0.7
• 𝛾𝛾=0.8𝐾𝐾𝑛𝑛 =0.65
𝑃𝑃𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛0
• 𝐾𝐾𝑛𝑛 =𝑓𝑓′𝐴𝐴 =0.63 𝑃𝑃𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛0 =0.63*28*162500*10-3=2867kN
𝑐𝑐 𝑔𝑔
𝑃𝑃
• 𝐾𝐾𝑛𝑛 =𝑓𝑓′𝐴𝐴0 =1.3𝑃𝑃0 =1.3*28*162500*10-3=5915kN
𝑐𝑐 𝑔𝑔

2- bending about X-axis

195
𝛾𝛾 = 325
= 0.6 use graph A.5
𝑒𝑒 75
= = 0.23
ℎ 325
Example 8.5

𝐾𝐾𝑛𝑛 =0.75

𝐾𝐾𝑛𝑛 =0.58
 Example 8.5
• 𝑒𝑒=0.2𝐾𝐾𝑛𝑛 =0.75
𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾−0.75 0.23−0.2
• 𝑒𝑒=0.23𝐾𝐾𝑛𝑛 =?  = 𝐾𝐾𝑛𝑛 =0.7
0.58−0.75 0.3−0.2
• 𝑒𝑒=0.3𝐾𝐾𝑛𝑛 =0.58
𝑃𝑃
• 𝐾𝐾𝑛𝑛 =𝑓𝑓𝑛𝑛𝑥𝑥0
′ 𝐴𝐴 =0.7 𝑃𝑃𝑛𝑛𝑥𝑥0 =0.7*28*162500*10 =3185kN
-3
𝑐𝑐 𝑔𝑔
𝑃𝑃
• 𝐾𝐾𝑛𝑛 =𝑓𝑓′𝐴𝐴0 =1.3𝑃𝑃0 =1.3*28*162500*10-3=5915kN
𝑐𝑐 𝑔𝑔
• Using equation 8.19

1 1 1 1
•  = + − = 0.000494 𝑃𝑃𝑛𝑛 =2025kN
𝑃𝑃𝑛𝑛 3185 2867 5915
• 𝑃𝑃𝑢𝑢 = 0.65 ∗ 2025 = 1317𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 this design load that can be applied
on the given column safely.
 Example 8.5
b) load contour method
𝑃𝑃𝑢𝑢 1100
• For y axis bending with𝑘𝑘𝑛𝑛 = = = 0.37
𝜑𝜑𝑓𝑓𝑐𝑐′ 𝐴𝐴𝑔𝑔 0.65∗28∗162500∗10−3
370
𝛾𝛾 = = 0.74
500
Use graphs A.6 (𝛾𝛾 =0.7)and A.7 (𝛾𝛾 =0.8)
• 𝛾𝛾=0.7𝑅𝑅𝑛𝑛 =0.215
𝑅𝑅𝑛𝑛−0.215 0.74−0.7
• 𝛾𝛾=0.74𝑅𝑅𝑛𝑛 =?  = 𝑅𝑅𝑛𝑛 =0.223
0.235−0.215 0.8−0.7
• 𝛾𝛾=0.8𝑅𝑅𝑛𝑛 =0.235
𝑀𝑀𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛0
• 𝑅𝑅𝑛𝑛 = =0.63 𝑀𝑀𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛0 =0.223*28*162500*10-3*500=507kN.m
𝑓𝑓𝑐𝑐′ 𝐴𝐴𝑔𝑔 ℎ
𝑃𝑃𝑢𝑢
• For X axis bending with 𝑘𝑘𝑛𝑛 = =0.37 using graph A.5
𝜑𝜑𝑓𝑓𝑐𝑐′𝐴𝐴𝑔𝑔
𝑀𝑀𝑛𝑛𝑥𝑥0
• 𝑅𝑅𝑛𝑛 = ′ =0.185𝑀𝑀𝑛𝑛𝑥𝑥0 =0.185*28*162500*325*10-6=274kN.m
𝑓𝑓𝑐𝑐 𝐴𝐴𝑔𝑔 ℎ
• The factored load moment about the y axis is:𝑀𝑀𝑢𝑢𝑦𝑦 = 1100 ∗ 150 ∗10-3=165kN.m
• The factored load moment about the x axis is:𝑀𝑀𝑢𝑢𝑥𝑥 = 1100 ∗ 75 ∗10-3=82.5kN.m
 Example 8.5

• Check the adequacy of the design using

equation 8.18 with 𝛼𝛼1 = 𝛼𝛼2 = 𝛼𝛼 = 1.15, with
Example 8.5

𝐾𝐾𝑛𝑛 =0.37

𝑅𝑅𝑛𝑛 =0.215
Example 8.5

𝐾𝐾𝑛𝑛 =0.37

𝑅𝑅𝑛𝑛 =0.235