Introduction

Background:
In terms of the early history of
Twitter, the platform was launched on
March 21, 2006 in San Francisco, California
under Odeo. Its founders were Jack Dorsey,
Noah Glass, Evan Williams, and Biz Stone.
Their idea was to create a platform to use
text messaging to share statuses. Dorsey
posted the first post “Tweet” on the site. Its
predecessors and competitors in the social
media industry were Six Degrees,
Friendster, MySpace, and Facebook. Twitter
grew slowly for the first year, but saw
dramatic increases in usage after the March
2007 South by Southwest Interactive
conference.
The initial name of the platform was
“twttr” and featured a green site logo. From
there, this evolved to “Twitter” and a blue
background with a white bird logo and the
title for the app icon. In September 2006,
they established twitter.com. In June of
2012, the text of “Twitter” was removed
from the icon, thus signifying that the bird
on its own was enough for recognition.
October 2008 saw the first change in CEO for the company. Dorsey stepped down
and was replaced by another founder, Evan Williams. Two years later, Williams was
replaced by the company’s COO, Dick Costolo. Then, in July 2015, when Costolo
stepped down, Dorsey returned as the interim CEO for Twitter.
Two additional changes to the platform from the early history of Twitter that
impact the current environment of the newly branded X are the April 2010 addition of
promoted Tweets and the November 2015 addition of a political transparency page. These
play a factor now with the Community Notes aspect of X and the financial impact of
businesses on the platform.
Timeline:

Timeline Explained:
January 2022:
● Purchase of Twitter
○ Elon Musk began to purchase Twitter in near-daily installments.
April 2022:
● Musk owns parts of Twitter
○ Musk reached out to Twitter to tell them about his stake in the company and
publicly revealed that he earned 9.2% of Twitter.
May 2022
● Musk offers to buy campaigns
○ Musk offered to buy the company for $54.20 per share and lined up $46.59
in financing.
○ Musk sells approximately $8.58 worth of Tesla shares to help fund this
purchase. Twitter accepts.
June 2022
● Withdraw of Offer
○ Musk withdraws the offer, arguing that Twitter underreported the number of
spam bots, or fake accounts, on the platform.
October 2022
● Twitter resumes
○ Musk’s attorney puts out a notice of resuming the acquisition of Twitter.
○ Musk says the purchase of Twitter is a part of his vision to create “the
everything app” known as X, which would be modeled after WeChat.
● Twitter CEO fired
○ Musk purchases Twitter, takes it off private and immediately cleans house.
○ Among his first initiatives as owner, he fires Twitter’s CEO, CFO, chief
legal officer and chief content officer, and appoints himself CEO.
November 2022
● Twitter’s Employees Fired
○ Almost 4,400 of Twitter's 7,400 employees are laid off.
○ By January 2023, the workforce was further reduced to 2,500.
○ Twitter charges account holders $7.99 a month for the blue checkmark,
phasing out its verification program.
July 2023
● Blue bird is replaced
○ Musk replaces Twitter’s iconic blue bird logo with X, the 24th letter of the
Roman Alphabet.
○ The platform’s handle on the app changes to X, and the eTwitter account
becomes inactive.
August 2023
● Political Advertising
○ X allows political advertising on its platform, but prohibits the promotion
of misleading content that is intended to undermine public confidence in an
election.
September 2023
● One million users
○ Musk, as a live-streaming interview with Israel Prime Minister, plans “a
small monthly payment” for subscribing to X as a way to combat bots on
the platform.
2024
● X is still called Twitter
○ Ever since Elon Musk rebranded Twitter to X, he has gotten backlash by
users, and people still refer to the app as Twitter.
 Problem Statement & Actions Taken
Statement:
What are the implications of the switch in brand from Twitter to X?

Listing of actions company has taken:

Elon Musk wanted the change of Twitter to X to have X become an everything
app, which would encompass not only social networking but also banking and shopping.
According to Elon Musk, Twitter made sense because it was just 140 character messages
going back and forth, like birds tweeting, but now being able to post almost anything,
including several hours of video, he's hoping it will help people understand the change to
X. Musk even said that changing the logo to “X” was to embody the imperfections in us
all that make us unique. Wanting to rebrand and make it something more than just a name
change. The plan is to have X become the future state of unlimited interactivity, powered
by AI, saying X will connect us all in ways we are just beginning to imagine. He also
plans on adding comprehensive communications, centered in audio and the ability to
conduct your entire financial world at some point as well. His goal was to have it be a
successful, immediate change for all, but that wasn't quite the case.
The social media platform X had lost a lot of its value since it was bought by Elon
Musk and the number of users dropped significantly in the first year since Musks
takeover. This was not only a big issue for Musk becoming in charge, but it was a big
issue for the platform all over. According to FastCompany, Jenn Takahashi states it is
brand suicide. That it will probably be the dumbest thing he has done since taking over,
and considering everything that he's done over the past few months, that's saying a lot.”
Not only do many people clearly agree this was not the best change, many users were not
a fan of the change, and started to have many complaints. The real issue with the change
was eroding trust. According to a poll on Linkedin, of the 50 users who responded, 26
said they trust X less than Twitter, and 10 said they just left Twitter. Another big issue
related to trust was the complaints of bots on X, so Musk came up with the idea of having
everyone pay a small monthly payment that could help combat the “vast armies of bots”
on the platform. Even with a successful amount of verified blue checkmark accounts and
Musk's promise to fix the bot issues, X witnessed a surge in the number of verified bots.
X also wanted to limit the number of daily direct messages unverified users could send
which was to help reduce spam, but this was only for those who didn't have the
subscription service. If users wanted to increase the number of daily messages allowed,
they would have to join the subscription service. This led the users to find it challenging
to distinguish between genuine and automated content, leading to concerns about the
integrity of the platform's discourse. X has been navigating the complexities of battling
bots and balancing monetization with user experience, so the platform has faced an uphill
battle in regaining user trust and having users see that X is a good change.
There are definitely many more issues besides user trust, such as users
complaining about figuring out the new navigation, the new logo and more, such as when
you go to the app store, you see that X includes the words “Formerly Twitter” beneath it.
This shows that many users might not be comfortable with the change still, and that many
people might still be confused that it's no longer called Twitter. Overall, there haven't
been many changes to the complaints. Elon Musk still hasn't done much to address any of
these other issues, but this ties into the recommendations we have for him and the
company to improve X.

Qualitative and Quantitative Impacts

Qualitative impact on rebranding of Twitter:
The rebranding from Twitter to X has many mixed responses from consumers.
Some users like that the rebranding offers a fresh and innovative image. Many agree that
it aligns with Elon Musk’s plan to make the company more forward thinking and for a
more techie audience. They like that he wants to transform it into an “everything app.”
Additionally Musk wants to pursue meaning instead of profit and puts emphasis on
freedom of speech on his new platform. You can also now post longer text threads, and
posts along with longer videos to the social media platform which you could never do
before because there was a limit. From personal experience using the app before and after
Musk bought it I love that if a post is sketchy or in the wrong context, there are
community notes instead of it just being taken down. He has done a great job of making
sure people do not post false information since a lot of people believe what they see on
the internet. With these community notes which are run by AI there is always a link to the
right information that is cited. Even though this is a great new feature there is still some
disinformation spreaded which is concerning for many users and will be discussed later.
Musk has also added AI to the app for users to use that the team at X created themselves.
Lastly he also made a new scrolling page that is called a “for you” page made of people
you follow and posts you like to view. So now you have the timeline of who you follow
and a random one of just a little bit of everything which I enjoy a lot.
However, there are also many consumers not liking a lot of the changes.
Especially the change of the brand name and logo leaves many users disappointed. It is
easier for a company to change their brand identity early on in their life cycle but because
Twitter and Elon Musk’s personal brand were already so well known before the
rebranding it is hard for consumers to associate the brand with a different name, logo and
other different brand elements. The company also stayed pretty much the same. Only a
few features were added and therefore the users still know the brand as Twitter. Many
consumers think that the rebranding destroyed seventeen years of building brand
recognition since 2006. A lot of users agree that they can’t get the original brand
associations out of their minds. One student mentioned in a Wall Street Journal article
that “No matter how many times a hero tries to kill the monster it just won’t die.” This
metaphor means that people will still call the platform Twitter and will still send Tweets.
The word Tweet is even recognized in the
dictionary as it is an important part of the brand’s
identity. The name change confused consumers
and was not received well so much that in the App
store it still says X (formerly Twitter) when
downloading the app (picture on the right).
The change of those brand elements is not
only not wanted to be adapted by the consumers
but users feel like the rebranding changed their
entire user experience and connections with the
brand. One user posts on Twitter that the “blue
bird is aspirational” but that the X looks “cold,
robotic and lifeless (post on right).” They also feel
like the X has many other negative associations
like mistake, cancellation or cross. By erasing all
of those connections and emotions consumers are
feeling disappointed and less sentimental about the
brand. It leaves them in confusion and modifies
their perception of the brand in their minds.
The new rules on the platform issued by
Elon Musk have also had a negative qualitative
impact. Many are disappointed with the fact that
the platform is charging to be a premium
subscriber and say they would rather use another
form of social media that fulfills the same functions instead of paying. Additionally many
users do not like that Musk let previously disabled accounts back on the platform and that
he is promoting freedom of speech. He says that he wanted to buy Twitter to “try to help
humanity” but many users fear that a lot of negativity will be spread on the platform as a
result of that. Those fears were growing when a lot of disinformation was being posted.
In September 2023 the European Union issued a warning towards Elon Musk because of
the high number of disinformation posts on its platform, especially about the
Israel-Hamas war. Under the Digital Services Act a business can be fined 6% of its
income globally or be banned from the European Union when breaking this law. X is
being investigated for breaking this rule by allowing dissemination of illegal content. For
many users news like this led to a change of the brand image in their minds.

Quantitative impact on rebranding of Twitter:

The rebranding from Twitter to X has had many quantitative impacts on the social
media platform. When looking at a graphic from Statista released in 2024 representing
the number of X users (formerly Twitter) worldwide from 2019 to 2024 it can be seen
that the social media platform had the most users in 2022 with 368.4 million. This
number shrunk to 353.9 in 2023 when the rebranding happened and to 335.7 in 2024
which is a five percent decrease compared to 2022 (see figure below). This shows that
many users were unhappy with the rebranding and chose to leave the platform. The
choice could stem from the many different qualitative issues listed above like the loss of
emotional connection because of the change of the brand elements and the different rules
on the platform enforced by Elon Musk.
Numbers also show that Elon Musk’s plan to completely rebrand Twitter did not
really work out as people still have the same brand associations/elements in their minds
especially the name and logo. According to a poll asked recently by World of Statistics
on X including 60,103 votes, the name Twitter is still being used by 77.2% when
referring to the platform. 7.2% call it X, formally Twitter and 14.8% call it solely X.
Consumers just have such strong emotional connections and brand associations in their
mind of the original Twitter that it is very hard to change that.
In general, the numbers show that the rebranding had many negative qualitative
consequences. The purchase of the company has cost Elon Musk $44 billion. Of the $44
billion he used around $27 billion of his own cash to fund the purchase. He sold around
$15.5 billion of his own Tesla stock to convert it into part of that $27 billion. He also had
investors that were interested in the purchase of twitter. To finalize the purchase Musk
took out a $13 billion bank loan to get the rest of the cash.
A question that people also ask now that Musk has his new company X is, what is
the value of the company worth now? Musk bought the company Twitter for $44 billion
dollars, so it was quite an expensive purchase. There is no super recent data or comments
on how much X is now worth since Elon Musk bought the company formerly known as
Twitter but around March 2023 a memo said the company lost $20 billion dollars of its
value. This did not come to a surprise to many as he reworked the company totally and
cut a lot of peoples jobs. He does say it can be a profitable business for him and his
investors, it will just take time. Additionally the rebranding has also cost the company
between $4 billion and $20 billion in brand value. But not only the company's users,
brand value and actual value have gone down. The average number of posts, formerly
called “tweets” has also gone down by 25%.
When looking at the quarterly revenue from 2012 to 2023 it can be seen that the
company had the highest revenue in 2021 with 5 billion and that it has been declining
since then. In 2023 it only averages to about 3.4 billion dollars a year (see figure below).
Most of the revenue comes from ads that companies put on X. Elon Musks says
advertisers boycotting the company could “kill the company”. He also says that if this
happens many people would “believe” that it's the companies that boycotted ads that are
to blame.
By comparing Twitter to other social media platforms it can be seen that it is
behind Facebook, YouTube, WhatsApp, Instagram, TikTok and a couple other ones. This
can be connected to the growing discontent of the users.

Brand Exploratory
Consumer Mental Map
 This mental map has associations of X as an app and company on the right,
Twitter on the bottom left, and social media as a whole on the top left. This gives insight
into the differences between X and Twitter as brands, as well as a comparison to give
insight into competitors with social media in general.
Twitter has a friendlier association in comparison to X. Many users associate the
brand with its logo which is a bright blue bird and is also connected to the name of the
posts on Twitter which are called “Tweets”. This playful connection between the logo and
the name of the posts makes the brand already very appealing to consumers. The app was
used to post very short texts and often start a debate with them.
X on the other hand is seen as very sleek and sophisticated. The new simple and
dark logo gives the brand automatically a new image. There are also some associations
with Elon Musk and his other endeavors and companies, which are key as he owns the
platform. In terms of his other business endeavors, SpaceX and Tesla are probably the
most well-known. Space X, abbreviated from the Space Exploration Technologies
Corporation, was founded in 2002 with the goal of reducing the cost of space
transportation and in hopes of colonizing Mars. Tesla operates as a luxury car brand, with
a focus on innovation like self-driving vehicles. Musk is also associated with
cryptocurrency, as he has allowed for cryptocurrency to be used to make purchases from
Tesla and SpaceX. Tesla also purchased $1.5 billion in Bitcoin in February 2021. This
association with cryptocurrency is particularly relevant to X as a social media platform
because part of Musk’s plan of the “everything app” is to incorporate shopping.
In terms of the social media associations, this helps to give more explanation for
the perceptual map, as well as determining what competitors are doing successfully and
effectively when compared with X. Social media platforms are primarily used in app
format on mobile devices, but their website counterparts are still important. Their content
is also important in that there’s visual and written material that plays a role in their user
experience.

Perceptual Map
Perceptual Map (X) Perceptual Map (after recommendations)
 We created two perceptual maps to show where X stands in comparison to other
social media companies. These perceptual maps list text vs. visual content on the
platform on the Y-axis and global user statistics on the X-axis. The apps listed near the
top are highly visual platforms, with more text-heavy content in the lower half of the
map. Apps with high user statistics are on the right side, and those with lower usage are
on the left. The size of the circle correlates with the user statistics in the United States.
According to these maps, the three highest used platforms are YouTube, Facebook,
and Instagram. Youtube is fully video content, while Facebook and Instagram give a wide
variety of content. Both have video and photo capabilities, but Facebook also has the
option for posts to be just written content. Youtube also has text content in video
descriptions, but those cannot be posted on their own. Instagram is similar in this; their
posts can have captions, but posts have visual elements with photos and/or videos.
X’s main competitors are Facebook and Instagram, which both have a strong focus
on both visual and text content. They are owned by Meta, as well as WhatsApp. Meta has
also had a similar rebrand to Twitter/X, as it was founded as the Facebook Company in
2004 and rebranded as Meta in 2021. The company Meta was acquired by the Chan
Zuckerberg Initiative, owned by Mark Zuckerberg and his wife Priscilla Chan. This is
similar to Elon Musk and X, as he operates X under the X Corp.
When looking at X on the first map it can be seen that they have relatively low
global users and offer a little more visual content than text content. Their circle is also
relatively small which indicates that there is also a lower number of US users. With the
recommendations we have, X’s usage should increase due to making the platform more
friendly and less cold. Additionally, with focusing more on the brand as a whole, it will
help to differentiate it more from “formerly Twitter.” This will help the app catch up more
toward TikTok and move slightly towards more text content. Those changes can be seen
in the second perceptual map.

Points of Parity/Points of Difference for X vs. other Social Media Platforms

Points of Parity Points of Difference

Visual and Text Content Community Notes

Website & App Formats Character Limit in Posts

“For You” Page Premium Features for paid Subscribers

Brand Resonance Pyramid
With the
brand
resonance
pyramid, the
most obvious
difference
between
Twitter and X
in terms of
judgements,
feelings,
performance,
and imagery are the friendliness and trustworthiness. The first level salience looks at
creating brand awareness and recognition. Even though users recognize both brands,
Twitter still has more awareness and its name is used often today and is even still
displayed in the app store.
When looking at the next level named performance/imagery it can be said that
while X has added some functions which could increase its performance, Twitter still is
better at creating imagery. All of the brand elements that fit together and the energetic
colors create happy imagery in consumers' heads that they can’t change.
When it comes to feelings and judgment towards the brand the bright blue and bird
iconography made Twitter appear friendly, fun and make people feel inspirational. The
platform was also very consistent, especially with their terminology, having “tweets”
pulling from both the name of Twitter and the noise that the bird icon would make.
Oppositely, the black and white single letter logo of X comes across as cold, although it is
sleek, sophisticated, and has the potential to appear classic. Additionally, there are trust
issues with X for the monitoring of bots, verified statuses, and the addition of Community
Notes. This creates more negative judgment.
The last level brand resonance describes the deep relationship a customer has with
the brand. X still is struggling to form that deep connection while Twitter definitely has
developed this goal. It has loyal users that can’t separate from Twitter’s brand
associations. People felt very connected and inspired by the brand especially because of
its creative brand elements like the logo, name and colors.
 Brand Inventory
Elon Musk currently owns multiple companies including Tesla, Space Exploration
Technologies Corporation (Space X), The Boring Company, Neuralink, and XAI. Most
companies are now worth billions of dollars with Tesla being valued at around 565
billion, Space X at 180 billion, The Boeing Company at 124.05 billion, Neuralink at $5
billion, and XAI’s valuation unknown. Fidelity has reported that Musk’s social media
platform X Corp, formally known as Twitter, is currently valued at 12.5 billion dollars.
Musk's enterprises, with Tesla being particularly noteworthy, possess substantial
assets across their respective domains. Tesla's vast portfolio of patents, trademarks, and
proprietary software underscores its technological leadership in electric vehicles, battery
technology, and autonomous driving. In physical assets alone, Tesla owns a massive fleet
of vehicles; including production and prototype
vehicles, solar panels and related infrastructure,
energy storage systems like Powerwall,
Powerpack, and Megapack, charging
infrastructure, manufacturing facilities, and six
Gigafactories. Musk has been vocal about growing
his empire and wants to open at least six more
Gigafactories.
Unlike Tesla, X does not have many
physical assets. X has a handful of data centers,
office spaces, and real estate but ultimately, most
of their assets are intangible or intellectual
property. However, one thing Elon Musk
surprisingly does not own is the trademark to “X”.
In 2023 multiple articles were released explaining
that Microsoft actually owns the trademark to “X”
and has had it since 2003. Microsoft trademarked
the letter “X” for their video gaming system Xbox.
No lawsuits have been filed yet, and Musk has
remained unbothered by the situation.
In April of 2022, Musk’s filings to the
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
revealed he had formed three different corporations all under the name X Holdings. This
was a part of his plan to purchase Twitter, however, there is speculation that this is
Musk’s first move to coalesce his portfolio of companies under one parent company. This
would be similar to Google becoming a wholly-owned subsidiary of Alphabet Inc.
Putting multiple companies under one parent company, is known to help protect assets
and can also provide tax benefits as well. It would help protect intellectual property, land,
tangible assets, and intangible assets. At this time, Musk has kept strategically quiet about
his plans.

Recommendations
Overall, our main recommendation for Elon Musk in managing X is to regain
confidence in the brand. For example, the “Formerly Twitter” should be removed from
marketing the app in the App Store. This will help X make its own path and differentiate
itself more from Twitter. Additionally, to help users and potential users, the algorithm for
the new “Community Notes” page should be improved. The Community Notes give
insight into misleading and false information on the platform, rather than just removing
the posts. Improving that algorithm will then show users posts with more relevant and
reliable information. Another way that X can be improved is to monitor bots and
subscriptions better. “Bot” accounts have been prevalent on the app and can be
detrimental to the overall experience on the app in spamming accounts and posts. An
addition to the app since Musk took over was subscriptions for verified accounts. This
can also be monitored better going forward.
Another step toward regaining confidence in X is to create a stronger brand
identity. This can be done through aesthetic changes and terminology. The app still feels
very similar in user experience to Twitter, so making some visual changes to the platform
can help create differentiation. With terminology, tweets had become so synonymous
with Twitter in referring to posts on the app previously. Now, people still call them
tweets, especially because X still hasn’t given users anything that’s stuck. They’re just
called “posts.” We think that it would be more creative for them to be called
“X-pressions.” This ties in the name of the app, while also providing a memorable name.
We would also like for X to initiate an “X-Press Yourself” campaign. This
campaign would consist of events across the world, in places that would reach target
markets, like college campuses. It would also include a brand ambassador program for
social media influencers to share the brand. Even though Elon Musk hasn’t used much
marketing for his other brands, we think
that this powerful tool could really help
to improve the image and awareness of
the app. Overall, this campaign would
help make the brand seem more
approachable and casual. After these are
implemented and the company has more
confidence in X and a stronger brand identity, the overarching goal to make X into an
“everything app” can be fully initiated.

Top 10 Key Learnings

Our top ten learnings were the following:
1. Consumers have strong brand associations that can be difficult to change. In this
case consumers are very attached to the aspirational blue bird and the name
Twitter.
2. Perceptions about a person (in this case, Elon Musk) can influence the brand
overall. His negative or positive image he had before acquiring Twitter is
associated with the brand now. This can also be applied to customers’ interactions
with employees.
3. Certain brand elements can shape the brand’s image and associations (ex. logo,
colors). The new logo X and its colors reshape the brand’s image. It is seen as
more cold, simple and robotic now than it was before.
4. Taking a brand in a new direction / rebranding without a clear vision and objective
can be detrimental to the company. In this case the brand should regain confidence
and state a clear strategy that outlines all the changes.
5. Other companies under the same house of brands will have an impact on the
perception of the intended brand. Elon Musk owns many companies and because
of their famous owner and many similarities in the names their images are
influenced by each other.
6. Rebranding can often have a positive or negative financial impact. In this case the
revenue of Twitter declined after the rebranding.
7. It’s important to fully commit to a rebranding change and cut ties from the
previous entity / old brand. A big reason why so many people can’t make the
change from Twitter to X in their minds could be because the old brand is still
present in many ways. On the app store for example it still says X (formerly
Twitter).
8. Marketing is important even if you haven’t had to use it in past endeavors. It’s an
important tool in building a new brand / rebranding to increase awareness and
improve perceptions. Elon Musk hasn’t really used Marketing when it comes to
his company Tesla and will likely not use it for X either. But we think he should
use this powerful tool to improve his company and make people more aware of the
new image and benefits of the company.
9. Explaining the new image, vision and goals to shareholders is important. It seems
like Elon musk didn’t give much information to his shareholders about those new
components and therefore they might not be as clear yet.
10. Making noticeable changes that make the app more user friendly will help increase
usage. We think that for a successful rebranding it is essential to introduce
noticeably new functions or elements to be able to differentiate from the old one
and prove why this change was necessary.
 Sources
● https://www.statista.com/statistics/303681/twitter-users-worldwide/
● https://www.wsj.com/articles/elon-musk-twitter-rebrand-x-social-media-threads-tiktok-user-retention-
valuation-9350ef4f
● https://www.thebrandingjournal.com/2023/08/twitter-rebrand-x/
● https://www.businessofapps.com/data/twitter-statistics/
● https://tweetdelete.net/resources/how-is-twitter-aka-x-different-from-other-social-networks/#:~:text=
While%20Twitter%20houses%20conversations%20and%20discourse%20on%20trending,visibility%
20accessible%20to%20people%20without%20any%20prior%20influence.
● https://www.forbes.com/sites/garydrenik/2023/09/08/unveiling-x-the-implications-of-twitters-bold-re
branding-move/?sh=9622b702ff2e
● https://www.google.com/url?q=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/article/elon-musk-x-different-twitter.
html&sa=D&source=docs&ust=1712543988790771&usg=AOvVaw1nNLjndcy5VmUDU19zQ9IS
● https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/twitter-has-bigger-problems-than-its-rebrand-x-evelyn-starr/
● https://www.nytimes.com/2023/07/24/technology/twitter-x-elon-musk.html
● https://finance.yahoo.com/news/elon-musk-trying-x-everything-194306539.html?guccounter=1&guce
_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAN6-RwIZil9T6neJ
2iJxX1CqGoYEThZaem7b2r4IQV15zkFG28XZGnnlHHmkIs7y8UWhI4f7qC6m9LsupZbGSMG-6h
gne-V3YipM72-j-dAvf9H_J73YjAs9vdMkmX5YzKvUSwS-CwOVG_3ewvRg3uq18TPhndmxH-Ao
03eqvwFp
● https://www.thestreet.com/social-media/elon-musk-claims-twitter-has-seen-a-dramatic-improvement
● https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/10/27/technology/twitter-x-elon-musk-anniversary.html
● https://www.investopedia.com/legal-actions-could-hamper-twitters-road-to-profitability-7368462#:~:t
ext=Elon%20Musk%20has%20said%20Twitter%20can%20be%20profitable,also%20unhappy%20wi
th%20the%20social%20media%20firm%27s%20practices.
● (https://www.aljazeera.com/economy/2022/10/28/how-elon-musk-financed-his-twitter-takeover)
● https://www.madisontrust.com/information-center/visualizations/everything-elon-musk-owns/
● Social Media Users 2024 (Global Data & Statistics) | Priori Data
https://www.fastcompany.com/90927580/elon-musk-twitter-rebrand-x-bad-idea
● https://www.investopedia.com/legal-actions-could-hamper-twitters-road-to-profitability-7368462#:~:t
ext=Elon%20Musk%20has%20said%20Twitter%20can%20be%20profitable,also%20unhappy%20wi
th%20the%20social%20media%20firm%27s%20practices.
● https://www.aljazeera.com/economy/2022/10/28/how-elon-musk-financed-his-twitter-takeover
● https://www.thestreet.com/social-media/elon-musk-claims-twitter-has-seen-a-dramatic-improvement
● https://www.thestreet.com/social-media/elon-musk-claims-twitter-has-seen-a-dramatic-improvement