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    5 Preposition

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    preposiciones en ingles

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    preposiciones en ingles

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    15 views40 pages

    5 Preposition

    Uploaded by

    Silvana Rosas
    preposiciones en ingles

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Preposition (2. CLASSIFICATION |» 1. Preposition of Place | 3. Preposition of Time I. Preposition of Place LIn 1. A) Means inside a place or enclosure: in a room ina building ina box in your mouth *in the bottle in the comer (of a room) in the front (back) of a car, room, theater, group of people, ete B). ‘(swim) in a pool/the river/the water’ the sea/ the ocean (sit) in an armchair (bu Mla chair) in his hand We say sI in bed in prison’ jail in the hospital in/at school/college 2. On 1. We talk about position touching a flat surface on the ceiling? the wall *on the door’ the table/chair on the floor/ground/grass on the bulletin board on her cheek/ shirt on his arm/finger on the bottle on page 7/ a page Page reposition [> 2. reposition of Direction and Motion [> 4. Preposition of Manner, Agent, Instrument |» 5. Preposition of Amount ‘+ 6. Miscellaneous Preposition 3. We sav: ina gardewia field’ a park ina small village in the mountains in a town/city (St. Louis) in a country’ Italy in the world *in a line/ a row/ a queue *in the front/last row *in the back row *in a photography picture (look yourself) in the mixor *in the book/booklet/ paper (cvewspagen/ the magazine/a letter Gu ons page) (meet him) in the street in the sky *in the way structing) +4, We are thinking about the building itsel (the room) in Judy’s house. on (the back) page on the (small) island on the beach ona map/a menu/a list %on the front/ back of a piece of paper, letter, newspaper, envelope, photograph, card, ete (work) on a farm , Dur (work) in a factory (it was very hot) im cinema 5, We use in or Ml with building (stay) in/at a hotel (cat) in/at a restaurant 6. Expressions with in: “in the rain/ the sun sanney/ bad weather! the shade/ the dark/ in bad weather, ete. (write) in ink/ pen/ pencil Also: *in words/ numbers/ capital letters (pay) im cash bur pay by check’ credit card (be/fall) im love (with sb) in (my/your/his...) opinion (work) im a factory , but (work a fam *on a farm/a ranch/the pitch the lawn 2. A) We say: con the left/right (or on the let. right-hand side) on the first (second, ground, etc.) floor *on the way (ro another place) *on/ at the comer of the Prepared & taught by San Veasna street on the sidewalk B). We say that a place is on a line such as a road, a street, an avenue, a river or the coast: on the main road on Main Street ¥on Third Avenue (situation of building) e.. I live on 37 3. At 1. To indicate a general location. Itis not as specific as in) at the bus stop at the door'window at the intersection at the traffic light at the church (turn left) at the store. direction) 2. We say at 712 16% Avenue (~ adress) *at the top/ end (of a street, a road, line, etc.) *at/on the comer of the street “at the top/bottom (of a page, list, the stairs, ete.) ‘at the front (back) of a building/hall/cinema group of people, etc. 3. We think of the place (the town and village) as a point or station on trip rather than an area: Avenue “on a river on the Mekong River on the (cast) coast 3, We say (be/go) on (a) vaeation/ on holiday/ a trip /a (world) tour’ a cruise / on business (the train stops) at Denver station (the train stops) at Nottingham (tu Notingham = village) at the station/airport *at someone’s house Yat the doctor’s/ the haisreser's *(stay) at very night hotel on 4, We use im or at with building: (stay) in/at a hotel (cat) in/at a restaurant 5. But usually say at with building when we say where an event takes place: a concert at. the meeting at The movie at. Aplay at (we were) at the cinemalthe theater, etc. 6. We say sb is at *an event where there is a group of people or refer to gathering of Other expression with on: on TV/ (the) radio on the phone’ telephone (be/go) on strike’ on a diet (be) on fire on the whole ¢ zener) people: (at a party/the wedding/ a conference/ the meeting/ a baseball game/ a concert/ a film/the theater/ the gym/ museum, etc.) 7. We say sb ig at home/ work Note: also say be/stay home (without at) *atlin school /college university “at the seaside (but on a voyage) 8. Other expression with at: ata speed of 120 miles an or at 120 miles an hour at a temperature of 212 degrees Fahrenheit or 212 degrees Fahrenheit hour at Note: 1. Compare in and at, Ex: There were a lot of people in the store. It was very crowded. (somebody giving directions) Go along this road, then turn left at the store **+We use different prepositions depending on how we see a place. Compare: Ex: The group will meet at 7.30 at the sport centre. (=either inside or outside) The group will meet at 7.30 in the sport centre. (= inside) Didn't Isee you in/at the pool yesterday? iher seen as within the pool itself, or as a building which is a point in town 2. Compare in and on, Ex: There is some water in the bottle. Page reposition Prepared & taught by San Veasna But: There is a label on the bottle. 3. Compare at and on Ex: There is somebody at the door. Should I go and see who it is? But: There is sign on the door. It says, “Do not distur! 4, We say “in the corner of a room (= inside).” but “at/on the corner of the street (a point)” .. We say at someone’s house. But we use in when we are thinking about the building itselt. Ex: I was at Judy’s (house) last night, but the rooms in Judy’s house are very small, 6. We normally use in with cities, town, and villages. Ex: The Louver is a famous art museum in Paris. (nor at Paris) But you can use at or in when you think of the place as a point or station on trip. Ex: Do you know if this strain stops at/in Denver? (~ at the Denver station) ‘We stopped at/ in a nice town on the way to Denver. 7. We say (be/go) on (a) vacation/ on holiday/ a trip / a (world) tour/ a cruise / on business ***Note: also say “go to a place for a vocation/ for my vacation/ for vacation” 8. We usually use at before an address and in or on before the name of a road Ex: They've opened an office at 28 Lees Road The church is in/on Park Road ***However, we sometimes use on instead of in when we talk about long streets or road. Ex: The town is on the Pacific Highway. + We can use at instead of in when we use a street name to refer to an institution in that street. Ex: There was an important meeting of ministers at Downing Street today. ‘But notice that we say ‘on Wall Street’ to mean the financial institution, 4. A) Across or over position on the other side of, or getting to other side of bride, road, border, river, etc., one side to other. Ex: Mike lives in the house across/over the road, The truck came towards them across/over the bridge. Once she was across/over the border, she knew she would be safe. |. Over about reaching the other side of sth that is high, or higher than it is wide. Ex: He hurt his leg as he jumped over the wall. The railway goes through a tunnel rather than over the top of the mountain. ©). Acros a8 a flat surface, or an area such as a country or sea Ex: He suddenly was Sue across Australia. The figures moved rapidly across the screen, vote: We can san all over but right across Ex: The disease has now spread all over/ right across the world. (of all across the world) D). Along. a line of some kind (a path, a road, a river, a beach, a canal, etc.) Ex: I'd seen them walking along the road past my window several times before. They walked along the footpath until they came to a small bridge. “**Through to emphasize the movement in a three dimensional space, with things all around, a flat surface or area. Ex: He pushed his way through the crow of people to get to her. He enjoyed the peace and quiet as he walking through the forest. Page reposition Prepared & taught by San Veasna —***Through. the movement from the beginning to the end of the side or for movement inside sth. Compare: Ex: She walked through the forest to get to her grandmother's house. She spent a lot of her free time walking in the forest. 5. A) Above/ over one thing is at a higher level than another. Ex: Above/Over the door was a sing saying, ‘Mind your head” She had painted thick, dark eyebrows aboverover each eye B). Above one thing is not directly over other Compare: Ex: The castle sat in the mountains above the town. The passengers coulda’t see the sun, as it was right over the plane.(-directly overhead) C). Over: sth covers sth else and is in contact with it, about horizontal movement. Ex: A gray mist hung over the fields, Tsaw the helicopter fly out over the water, near the fishing boat. D). Below. is the opposite of above) Are similar to those between E). Under. is the opposite of over { above and over (see above) ***Note: A number of common idioms inchide the prepositions over and under: Over the hill Get under my feet Pull the wool over my eyes Over the moon Under the weather 6. A) Between. with two or more people or things that we see as individual or separate, Ex: She held the diamond between her thumb and forefinger. B). Among/amongst. the people or things as part of a group or mass. Ex: He stood among all his friends in the room and left very happy. ©), Between/among. to talk about sth done to or by a group or groups of things or people. Ex: The money is to be divided between/among the towns in the area The prize will be shared between/among the first finishers in the race D). Between rather than among about comparisons and relationships ega difference between, a connection between, a friendship between, a link between...) F). Among, ‘mean ‘occurring in’, ‘one/some of of ‘out of”. Ex: The disease has now broken out among the hill tribes. ‘occurring in’) They are among the best hockey players in the world. (~ ‘some of”) Among the capital cities of South America, Quito is the second highest. (- ‘out of) ***Vore: How we use the expression among other things (of between other things’) 7. A) Near (to)/ close to not far away Ex: The plant often grows close (to)/near (to) the banks of the rivers. We live elose to/near (to) the city center. B), Beside/ by/ next to not far away (one thing or person is at the side of another) Ex: Colin sat beside/by/next to her with his leg crossed pushed the button beside/by/next to the door, but there was no answer. Come and sit by/ besides/ next to me. “Where's the light switch?” “by the door. Who is that man standing by the window? Page reposition Prepared & taught by San Veasna There was a small table by the bed. *** Note: Next 10 as an adjective to say that sth follows another thing in a series. Nearest 10? next cone thing is close than any other thing of the same kind. Ex: When Jim artived, I left the kitchen and went into the next room. (nor...nearest room) ‘When the storm started, I ran to the nearest house for shelter. (not...next...) ©). Near not by about towns and cities Ex: I first met Steve when he was working on a beach near Adelaid. They live in a pretty cottage near Bergerac in France. 8. A) In front of # behind (=in the back of). one after the other on a line and facing the same way. Ex: Aisin front of B. Or Bis behind A. B). Opposite, facing, across, and over ‘on the other side of” but with across and over we have to state on the other side of what, e.g, a road, a river: "Note: opposite/ facing (not facing in the same direction, but is facing each other Ex: A is facing/opposite B. Or A and B are facing/opposite each other. 9, Avound.. onall sides of Ex: My aunt has a scarf around her neck, 10. Throughout... inall parts of Ex: Just now it is raining throughout the country. 11. Beyond Further away, in other side of. Ex: Their house is beyond the town. 12. Far from. -a long distance from, Ex: Is your house far from the grocery. IL. Preposition of Direction and Motion (movement) 1. Into: (the opposite of Out of) ***Go (get, flow, etc.) into = enter (a roony a building! a car/ taxi, etc.). We sometimes use in (instead of into). The opposite of into is out of. Ex: She got into the car and drove away. He waked out of the room angrily when John admonished him. A bird flew into the kitchen through the window Don’t wait outside. Come in the house. (or Come into the house.) She got out of the car and went into a store. Note that we usually say, “get on/off a bus, plane, train, boat and bike”. Ex: She got off the bus and I never saw her again. 2. To: We say go/come/travel to a place or an event. For example: go 10 South America come to my house drive 10 the airport go to bed be sent to prison take sb to the hospital go to the bank return to Italy (not return ‘move to London g0 to a concert in..) Ex: When are your friends returning to Italy? After the accident three people were faken fo the hospital. In the same Way we say on my way to .../a trip to.../ welcome to...,etc Page reposition Prepared & taught by San Veasna Ex: Welcome to our country! Compare: to (for movement) and in/at (for position) Ex: They are going to France but — They live in France Can you come to the party? bur __'ll see you at the party. »**Been to: We usually say “I’ve been to a place.” Ex: I've been to Italy four times, but I've never been to Rome. Ann has never been fo a football game in her life. Jack has some money. He has just been 0 the bank. 3. On: We say (be/go) on (a) vacation/ on holiday/ a trip / a (world) tour/ a cruise / on business “Vote: also say “go to a place for a vocation/ for my vacation/ for vacation” 4, Atfin ***Get and arrive We say, “get to a place”. But we say “arrive in.../arrive at...” (nof attive to). Ex: What time did they get to London/worl the party/ the hotel? Note: - arrive at a place, for example, a hotel, a cinema, a station, party, work,... Ex: When did they arrive at the hotel/the party/ work ~ arrive in a town/city or a country. But arrive home Ex: What time did they arrive in Brazil/Phnom Penh? "Home: We do not say “to home”, We say go/ get/ arrive/ climb/ on the way home, ete. (no prep.) Ex: I'm tired. Let’s go home. I met Caroline o7 my way home. For at home (See Place of AT) 5. By/via/ by way of ..........to go past a place Ex: We walked by the library on the way home.(— movement) Your books are by the window. (= place) for movement from one side to the other of sth, next to it: Ex: Luse startled by a huge bird that flew past my window this afternoon. 7. Along........a line of some kind (a path, a road, a river, a beach, a canal, ete.) Ex: I'd seen them walking along the road past my window several times before, They walked along the footpath until they came to a small bridge. ***Note: We also often use up and down with roads and rivers (meaning ‘along’) Ex: Go up the road to the comer, and the cinema is on the left. 8. Up to/ towards. .Ave approach someone or something, but we use only up to if we actually reach the person/thing: 6, Past Ex: ¥Do you think I can go up to him and ask for his autograph? ¥ The scientist moved towards the group of grazing animals. 9. Up (to)/ down (to)...........for movement north or south within a country: Ex: We've just come down to Canberra from Darwin. 10. (A)round/ about a circular movement, here and there in Ex: We drove (a)round the roundabout three times before we took the correct exit. He walked around (about) the market. Page reposition Prepared & taught by San Veasna 11. From (the opposite of to) from a time ro a time “from a place ro a place BUT: From time to time (= occasionally) ‘Ex: He lived in German from 1972 to 1978. We drove from Atlanta to New York ‘We visit the art museum from time to time. 12.—Through . Across -From end to end. in one day. Ex: He swims across (through) the river in 15 minutes, 13. Onto...........to a position on. Ex: The cat jumped onto his knee. TIL. Preposition of Time 1. We use at for: 1. in these expression at 6,00 o'clock caspesii tne ofa») *at night at midaight/midday arthe age of 9 or at 9 at the weekend (on is informal) at sunset at present/the moment (=n0w) at this/the) time athe same time *at times (- occasionally) 2. in these expression: “ai the end of (sth) + at the beginning of at first (= initially) # Tn the end (= 2. We use on for: 1 in these expression. *(on) Friday(s) am) *(on) 12 September, (1996) iat *(on) Saturday evening/night on (the morning of) Friday, 21% Tune (=a) *on the weekend, on weekends (In US and Austrian English is used, and this is now hear in informal BrE, too) on time ( punctual, used for a scheduled event or appointment) 2. including special days Page reposition finally) ata speed of 120 miles an hour or at 120 miles an hour ata temperature of 212. degrees Fahrenheit or at 212 degrees Fahrenheit 3. with mealtimes: at breakfast/lunch, etc. at lunchtime 4. including special periods at Christmas ar Ester on Christmas Eve on Christmas Day on New Year's Eve on New Year's day on Easter Day on Easter Sunday on my birthday/anniversary on the last'first day of the month ¢ patof « Prepared & taught by San Veasna 3 We use in for ... 1. in these expression: in the morning(s) afternoon(s) in April/November (scat) in 1999/2008 (ese in summer/spring (sess) in the 2004s (or the 2004's) (éecates) in the 19% century (ceatusies) in the Middle Ages in the past future *in the night (when we talk about a_ particular night) 2. in these expression: *in time (= note late, early enough) in the middle of (May, etc) “In the end =finally + at first 3. we say how long it will be before stl happen: (+ s time) in a few minute @ iwminut fom now) in a day «dry som 009) ‘ina moment («moment fom nonin ash peid te) in a week «wack senso) in a week's time @aawei) in six month (sine inthe fre) in six months’ time (in six month) in the week before Easter’ in the hours the exam in the days that..., etc. Note: We also use in to say how long it takes to do something. Ex: I learnt to drive in four weeks.

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