Fluid Mechanics Review Multiple Choice Questions

I. MULTIPLE CHOICE. ENCIRCLE THE LETTER OF YOUR BEST CHOICE. 2 points each.
1. The force required to move, at a unit velocity, a flat plate of a unit area located at a unit distance from fixed plate,
where the space between the plates is filled with fluid.
a. Absolute Viscosity b. Kinematic Viscosity c. Bulk modulus
2. Vacuum is a term applied to all pressures
a. greater than atmospheric. c. less than absolute zero.
b. less than atmospheric. d. all of the above.
3. How many kPa absolute is 100 psia equal to?
a. 689 kPaa b. 869 kPaa c. 968 kPaa d. 896 kPaa
4. Convert a reading of 78 psi to kPa absolute.
a. 538 kPaa b. 639.1 kPaa c. 723.1 kPaa d. 724.1 kPaa
5. Determine the pressure at the 5-ft depth in a 50-ft diameter tank of SAE 30 oil (specific weight = 55.6 lb / ft 3).
a. 1.93 psi b. 278 psi c. 3.34 psi d. 246 psi
6. If the viscosity number is too low, the oil will be
a. too thin b. too thick c. no physical changes d. none of the above
7. Is not a unit of Absolute viscosity.
a. Poise c. Poise e. Stokes
b. N-seconds / sq. meter d. Saybolt Seconds Universal
8. It determines how easily the fluid will flow and is required to solve most flow problems.
a. Viscosity b. Velocity c. Pressure drop d. Weight
9. Temperature affects viscosity inversely.
a. True b. False c. Insufficient data
10. If the viscosity number is too high, the oil will be
a. too thin b. too thick c. no physical changes
11. Buoyant force equals the weight of the object if the object is
a. rising b. falling c. floating d. none of the above
12. It is the ratio of the change in unit pressure to the corresponding volume change per unit volume.
a. bulk modulus of elasticity c. surface tension
b. volumetric strain d. hydrostatic pressure
13. Buoyant force always has the same direction as
a. drag force. b. force of gravity c. weight d. none of the above
14. It is the cause why you need larger force to stir oil than to stir water.
a. Viscosity b. Temperature c. Pressure d. none of the above
15. The viscosity of a certain fluid is 1.18 x 10-3 Pa-sec. If its specific gravity = 0.989, determine the kinematic viscosity
in stoke. 1 stoke = 10-4 m2/s.
a. 0.0119 b. 0.0923 c. 0.0452 d. 0.0441
16 - 17. A 1x1 m tank is filled with oil (s.g. = 0.82) and the remaining is water. When it is translated vertically upward at
5.10m/s/s, the pressure at the bottom is:
a. 10.63 kPa b. 13.576 kPa c. 12.87 kPa d. 11.49 kPa
18. The ratio of absolute viscosity to density of a fluid appears in fluid flow equation.
a. Absolute Viscosity b. Kinematic Viscosity c. Bulk modulus d. None of the above
19. Is an empirical number that provides a relative measure of the rate at which a fluid’s viscosity changes with respect to
temperature change.
a. Viscosity Index b. Bulk Modulus c. Poisson ratio d. None of the above
20 - 21. How far below the water surface should a vertical square 1.22 m on a side with two sides horizontal, be immersed
so that the center of pressure will be 76 mm below the center of gravity?
a. 1.02 m b. 1.67 m c. 2.68 m d. 0.56 m
22 – 23. A stone weighs 90 N in air and when immersed in water it weighs 50 N. Compute the specific gravity of the
stone.
a. 1.25 b. 1.75 c. 2.05 d. 2.25
24 - 25. A piece of wood of specific gravity 0.651 is 80 mm square and 1.5 m long. How many Newtons of lead weighing
110 kN/cu. meter must be fastened at one end of the stick so that it will float upright with 0.30 m out of water.
a. 13.5 kN b. 15.4 kN c. 17.8 kN d. 20.1 kN
26. If 6 m3 of oil weighs 47 kN, calculate its density.
a. approx. 890 kg/m3 b. approx. 800 kg/m3 c. approx. 650 kg/m3 d. approx. 600 kg/m3
27. The specific weight of problem 26 is equivalent to:
a. 7.8 kN/m3 b. 9.1 kN/m3 c. 4.7 kN/m3 d. 3.8 kN/m3
28 - 29. Approximately what pressure must be applied to water to reduce its volume by 1.25% if the bulk modulus of
elasticity of water is 2.19 GPa.
a. 0.0452 GPa b. 0.0274 GPa c. 0.0721 GPa d. 0.1001GPa
30 – 31. A closed tank contains 0.610 m of mercury (s.g. = 13.6), 1.524 m of water, 2.438 m of oil (s.g. = 0.75) and an air
space of 1.0 m above the oil. If the pressure at the bottom of the tank is 276 kPa, what should be the reading of the gage
in the top of the tank?
a. approx. 541 kPa b. approx. 354 kPa c. approx. 293 kPa d. approx. 162 kPa
32 – 33. Ice in an iceberg has a specific gravity of 0.922. When floating in sea water specific gravity is 1.03, its exposed
volume in percentage is:
a. 12.5% b. 14.5% c. 10.5% d. 8.55
34 - 35. An object weighs 289 N in air and 187 in water. Find its volume.
a. 0.0104 cu. meter b. 0.1038 cu. meter c. .0564 cu. meter d. 0.0904 cu. meter
36. Convert 25 kPa to N/mm2:
a. 0.025 N/mm2 b. 0.25 N/mm2 c. 0.0025 N/mm2 d. None of the above
37. Convert 500 gallons to cubic meters:
a. approx. 2.2 m3 b. approx. 1.9 m3 c. approx. 1.6 m3 d. approx. 2.1 m3
38. Mass density of water is equivalent to:
a. 9810 kg/ m3 b. 1,000 kg/ m3 c. 101325 kg/ m3 d. 981 kg/ m3
2 2
39. 1,000 kg-m/s /mm is equal to:
a. 1 MPa b. 10 MPa c. 100 MPa d. 1,000 Mpa
40. Given a pressure of 300 kPa, at what depth in a stand pipe containing water which corresponds to that pressure.
a. 25.34 m b. 28.8 m c. 30.58 m d. 32.25 m
41. Is the measure of the amount of material present in that body.
a. Weight b. Mass c. Volume d. Temperature
42. Is the force exerted by that body when its mass is accelerated in a gravitational field.
a. Weight b. Mass c. Volume d. Temperature
43. Is the total volume (V) of that substance divided by the total mass (m) of that substance.
a. Specific weight b. Specific massc. Specific volume d. specific gravity
44. Is a measure of the relative density of a substance as compared to the density of water at a standard temperature.
a. Specific weight b. Specific massc. Specific volume d. specific gravity
45. Is the amount of moisture (water vapor) in the air.
a. Standard vapor b. Humidity c. Steam d. Air moisture
46. Which of the following is the correct equation of temperature unit conversion.
a. °F = 32.0 + (9/5)°C c. °C = 32.0 + (9/5)°F
b. °F = 32.0 + (5/9)°C d. °C = 32.0 + (5/9)°F
47. Which of the following is the correct equation of temperature unit conversion.
a. °C = (°F - 32.0)(5/9) c. °F = (°C - 32.0)(5/9)
b. °C = (°F - 32.0)(9/5) d. °F = (°C - 32.0)(9/5)
48. What is the Rankine equivalent of 80°C?
a. 636°R b. 176°R c. 363°R d. 343°R
49. What is the Kelvin equivalent of 80°F?
a. 26.7°K b. 299.7°K c. 486.7°K d. 648.7°K
50. What is the absolute pressure at the bottom of a swimming pool 6 feet deep that is filled with fresh water? Patm = 14.7
psia
a. 17.3 psia b. 2.6 psia c. 6.2 psia d. 3.17 psia

51. Which of the following is the Absolute zero temperature?

a. -460 °F or -273 °C c. 212 °F or 100 °C
b. 32 °F or 0 °C d. -273 °F or 0 °C
52. Is defined as the capacity of a system to perform work or produce heat.
a. Work b. Speed c. Energy d. Enthalpy
53. Determine the amount of work done if a force of 150 lbf is applied to an object until ithas moved a distance of 30 feet.
a. 450 ft-lbf b. 500 ft-lbf c. 4500 ft-lbf d. 5400 ft-lbf
54. Vacuum is a term applied to all pressures
a. greater than atmospheric. c. less than absolute zero.
b. less than atmospheric. d. all of the above.
55. How many kPa absolute is 100 psia equal to?
a. 689 kPaa b. 869 kPaa c. 968 kPaa d. 896 kPaa
56. Convert a reading of 78 psi to kPa absolute.
a. 538 kPaa b. 639.1 kPaa c. 723.1 kPaa d. 724.1 kPaa
57. Determine the pressure at the 5-ft depth in a 50-ft diameter tank of SAE 30 oil (specific weight = 55.6 lb / ft 3).
a. 1.93 psi b. 278 psi c. 3.34 psi d. 246 psi
58. Convert 25 kPa to N/mm2:
a. 0.025 N/mm2 b. 0.25 N/mm2 c. 0.0025 N/mm2 d. None of the above
59. Convert 500 gallons to cubic meters:
a. approx. 2.2 m3 b. approx. 1.9 m3 c. approx. 1.6 m3 d. approx. 2.1 m3
60. A reservoir of glycerin has a mass of 1200 kg and a volume of 0.952 m . Find the glycerin’s density in kg/m3.
3

a. 1261 kg/m3 b. 2116 kg/m3 c. 621 kg/m3 d. 1621 kg/m3

3
61. For low heads from 1.5 to 5 meters with medium to high flows between 1 to 20 m /s, which of the following turbine
type is acceptable to use?
a. Kaplan Turbine b. Francis Turbine c. Crossflow Turbine d. Archimedean Screw Turbine
62. For low to medium heads (2 – 40 meters) and flows between low to medium (0.1 – 5 m3/s), which of the following
turbine type is suitable to use?
 a. Kaplan Turbine b. Francis Turbine c. Crossflow Turbine d. Archimedean Screw Turbine
63. This turbine type operates in low heads from 1 to 5 meters and medium flows of 0.3 to 1.5 m3/s.
a. Pelton Turbine b. Francis Turbine c. Waterwheel Turbine d. Turgo Turbine
64. This type of turbine is used in high heads with greater than 25 meters and have
lower flows between 0.01 m3/s – 0.5 m3/s.
a. Pelton Turbine b. Kaplan Turbine c. Francis Turbine d. Crossflow Turbine
65. For low to medium heads (1.5 – 20 meters) and from medium to high flows (3 m3/s – 30 m3/s), which of the following
turbine type is suitable?
a. Francis Turbine b. Kaplan Turbine c. Pelton Turbine d. Crossflow Turbine
66. A 700 kW hydroelectric power plant with an operating condition of approximately 453 l/s mean flow rate at a site
with gross head of 130 m. What type of turbine is most suitable to use?
a. Pelton Turbine b. Kaplan Turbine c. Francis Turbine d. Crossflow Turbine
67. Which of the following types of turbine that do not have a draft tube as its parts?
a. Francis Turbine b. Turgo Turbine c. Kaplan Turbine d. Waterwheel Turbine
68. Which of the following is an Impulse turbine?
a. Francis Turbine b. Pelton Turbine c. Kaplan Turbine d. Fixed Blade Propeller Turbine
69. Which of the following turbine type can be use where head is 1 meter, flow rates of 1 m 3/s and a power output of 10 to
50kW?
a. Kaplan Turbine b. Francis Turbine c. Crossflow Turbine d. Archimedean Screw Turbine
70. Which of the following turbine type can be use is the head is 200 meters, flow rates of 10 m 3/s and a power output of
5MW?
a. Kaplan Turbine b. Francis Turbine c. Crossflow Turbine d. Archimedean Screw Turbine
71. Small hydropower plants usually use (part-) river flow as driving ________.
a. force b. turbine c. dam d. forebay
72. Construction of Micro Hydropower Plant consists of:
a. Diversion constructions in the river
b. Guiding water per canal and pipe
c. Electrical-mechanical equipment to turn waterpower into electricity
d. All the above
e. None of the above
73. Flow data should be gathered over a period of at least one year where possible, so as to ascertain the fluctuation in
river flow over the various seasons. At least measures must be taken during _____ season to assure that there is always
enough water to power the turbine.
a. dry b. wet c. winter d. autumn
74. A hydraulic machine that converts hydraulic energy to mechanical energy by allowing water to flow in one side, then
out the other side of a cylindrical turbine runner.
a. Francis turbine b. Turgo turbine c. Crossflow turbine d. Pelton turbine
75. The impoundment immediately above a dam or hydroelectric plant intake structure. The term is applicable to all types
of hydroelectric developments (i.e., storage, run-of-river, and pumped storage).
a. Penstock b. Spillway c. Runner d. Forebay
76. Adjustable vanes that surround a reaction turbine runner and control the area available for water to enter the turbine.
a. Spillway gates b. Wicket gates c. Flood gate d. Weir gates
77. Hydropower potential means:
a. An amount of water (flow) which flows down a certain height
b. A non-renewable energy source capable of producing potential energy
c. A kinetic energy than converts into electricity
d. None of the above
78. Water is pumped from a lower reservoir into an upper reservoir, usually during off-peak hours, while flow is reversed
to generate electricity during the daily peak load period or at other times of need.
a. Pumped storage plants c. Run-of-river hydropower plant
b. Diesel power plants d. Large hydropower plant
79. A channel for conducting water away from a powerplant after it has passed through it.
a. Tailrace b. Spillway c. Runner d. Penstock
80. A hydraulic gate that operates in vertical guides and has no wheels, rollers, or other friction-reducing devices.
Normally, such a gate must be opened or closed under balanced head conditions.
a. Slide gate c. Radial gate
b. Fixed wheel type gates d. All of the above