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    49e6f26f-7324-4ab1-afa3-994bbfb158da

    Uploaded by

    madhani akhil

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    KP GATE CLASSES, NEW DELHI - INDIA’S No. | Architecture COACHING Contents CHAPTER 1. — WATER SUPPLY... 1 1.1 WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM... 3 1.1.1 TYPES OF WATER SUPPLY... 4 1.2 WATER TREATMENT. 5 1.2.1 WATER PURIFICATION. zs 5 serene 1.2.2 PRE-TREATMENT. z wg 6 6 7 9 1 1.2.3 pH ADJUSTMENT... 1.2.4 COAGULATION AND FLOCCULATION. 1.2.5 SEDIMENTATION. 1.2.6 FILTRATION vous : lg 1.2.7 REMOVAL OF IONS AND OTHER DISSOLVED SUBSTANCES. u 1.2.8 ADDITIONAL TREATMENT OPTIONS.. 13 WATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORK, 1.3.1 PUMPING SYSTEM... 1.3.2 GRAVITY SYSTEM... 133 COMBINE OF GRAVITY AND PUMPINGSYSTEM 1.3.4 TOPOLOGIES OF WATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS... econ SE 1.3.5 SUSTAINABLE URBAN WATER SUPPLY .clbeocsnsnsnssnsnisi 1.3.6 OPTIMIZING THE WATER SUPPLY NETWORK... 1.4 WATER SUPPLY FOR RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS... 1.4.1 WATER SUPPLY... Mil 15 HAZEN-WILLIAMS EQUATION..... 1.5.1 VOLUMETRIGELOW RATE... i CHAPTER 2, SEWERAGE SYSTEMS & SANITATION. 27 2.1 WASTEWATER TREATMENT... wen 2B 2.1.1 EIGHT STAGES OF THE WASTEWATER TREATMENT PROCESS 28 2.1.2, INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS... 24.3 AGRICULTURAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS. 2.1L EACHATE TREATMENT PLANTS, co. 22SANITATION FOR RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS 2.2.1 TRAPS ... — 32 2.2.2 WASTEWATER DISPOSAL. eo i icimpaiowmenSe 2.2.3 SANITARY APPLIANCES. . 35 2.3 PLUMBING SYSTEMS 2.3.1 MATERIALS... 2.3.2 PLASTIC PIPES 2.3.8 COMMON PIPING AND PLUMBING FITTINGS ... 2.4 RAINWATER DRAINAGE KP GATE Classes, New Delhi | Coaching for GATE & Other Recruitment Tests in Architecture & Planning, KP GATE CLASSES, NEW DELHI - INDIA’S No. 1 Architecture COACHING 2.4.1 FORMULA FOR DESIGN OF STORM WATER DRAINAGE. Aisa CALLED. RATIONAL METHOD) ae 7 2.4.2 DESIGN OF DRAINS. 2.4.3 RAINWATER HARVESTING CHAPTER3. SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 3.1 CATEGORIES OF WASTE... 3.2 VARIOUS SOURCES OF SOLID WASTE 3.3 METHODS OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 3.4 GLOSSARY OF TERMS IN SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT CHAPTER 4. LIGHTING & ACOUSTICS 4.1 BASICS OF LIGHT... sonenperesesennent 4.1.1 INTRODUCTION TO LIGHT . 4.1.2 GENERAL PRINCIPLES... 4.2 PHOTOMETRIC PROPERTIES 4.2.1 LUMINOUS FLUX (F).. easter 4.2.2 LUMINOUS INTENSITY (I) sonsnosesnnesnns 4.2.3 LUMINOUS EFFICACY ... 42.4 ILLUMINATION (E) .2-- 4.2.5 LAMBERT’S COSINE LAW... 4.2.6 LUMINANCE. - - 4.2.7 LIGHT POWER DENSITY... 4.3 ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES® TYPES.. 4.4 DAYLIGHTING..... 4.4.1 DAYLIGHT FACTOR .2 44.2 DAYLIGHT CONTROL ... 4.4.3 COMPONENTS OF DAYLIGHT FACTOR 45 BASICSOF SOUND... 45.1 BASIC PROPERTIES... fesse 45.2) GENERAL TERMINOLOGY... 45.3 SOUND LEVEL & LOUDNESS... 46 “ACOUSTICS OF SPACES... 46.1 NOISE IN ENCLOSED SPACES. 101 4.6.2 REVERBERATION TIME...... 102 463 ECHO. : 104 46.4 NOISE CONTROL... Ms 107 465 ACOUSTICS OF AUDITORIUM volt CHAPTER 5. HVAC & ELECTRIFICATION 116 5.1 INTRODUCTION TO HVAC SYSTEMS......... 17 5.1.1 PROCESSES INVOLVED IN HVAC. rs aw lIT Ss Bek BR 101 KP GATE Classes, New Delhi | Coaching for GATE & Other Recruitment Tests in Architecture & Planning KP GATE CLASSES, NEW DELHI - INDIA’S No. 1 Architecture COACHING 5.1.2 WORKING OF HVAC... a7 5.1.3 FACTORS AFFECTING HVAC DESIGN AND HEAT LOAD CALCULATION.......118 5.2 TYPES OF AIR CONDITIONERS..... 119 5.2.1 WINDOW AIR CONDITIONER 19 5.2.2 SPLIT AIR CONDITIONER ...nsnsnsnsinntnnnin rece RRA RTLD 5.2.3 PACKAGED AIR CONDITIONER 120 5.2.4 CENTRAL AIR CONDITIONING ..... sie i oo dd 5.3 ENERGY CONSUMPTION, gO. 126 5.3.1 COMMON HVAC RATINGS AND CERTIFICATIONS. . 136 5.4 SUGGESTED AIR CHANGE FOR DIFFERENT TYPE OF SPACES (we 2016). 27 5.5 INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRICAL SERVICES. 128 5.6 TYPES OF POWER PLANT nessun 128 5.6.1 THERMAL POWER PLANT. sw 12B 5.6.2 NUCLEAR POWER PLANT 128 5.6.3 HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT. 129 5.7 POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS sty senna 129 5.7.1 PRIMARY TRANSMISSION ‘ 130 5.7.2 SECONDARY TRANSMISSION ....sssmno ee — son 180 5.8 POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM... om 130 59 CIRCUIT BREAKER...... 5.9.1 AIR CIRCUIT BREAKER 5.9.2 SF6 CIRCUIT BREAKER‘... 5.9.3 VACUUM CIRCUIT/BREAKER, 5.9.4 OIL CIRCUIT BREAKER,, 5.10 LOW VOLTAGE'GIRCUIT BREAKERS. 5.10.1 MINIATURE CIRCUIT BREAKER 5.10.2 MOULDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER at oi 5.10.3 RESIDUAL CURRENT CIRCUIT BREAKER : 141 5.11.” POWER FACTOR... 5.4. 1,HOW TO CALCULATE POWER FACTOR?. 5.11. 2)POWER CONSUMPTION... 5.12 TRANSFORMER... 5.12.1 WORKING PRINCIPLE .... 5.12.2 TYPES OF TRANSFORMERS... CHAPTER 6. FIRE SAFETY & VERTICAL TRANSPORT. 6.1 CLASSIFICATION OF FIRE .. . 6.1.1 CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS ACCORDING TO FIRE. 6.1.2 GRADES OF FIRE HAZARDS .. 6.1.3 CLASSIFICATION OF BUILDINGS BASED ON OCCUPANCY (FOR FIRE) . sien BL KP GATE Classes, New Delhi | Coaching for GATE & Other Recruitment Tests in Architecture & Planning KP GATE CLASSES, NEW DELHI - INDIA’S No. 1 Architecture COACHING 6.1.4 THE FIRE TRIANGLES ....cnnnsnsinninnein a 151 62 TYPES OF EXTINGUISHERS.. srramaainatrancvinsrrcceumasnieace BE 6.2.1 WATER EXTINGUISHERS .. 152 6.2.2 FOAM EXTINGUISHERS... 53 6.2.3 POWDER EXTINGUISHERS... : ci srienmmnenesagandl DS 6.2.4 CARBON DIOXIDE EXTINGUISHERS (C02) 153 6.2.5 WET CHEMICAL EXTINGUISHERS. sien i on 153 6.2.6 FIRE BLANKETS gO. 154 6.2.7 FIRE EXTINGUISHER COMPONENTS. iba 6.2.8 FIRE EXTINGUISHER OPERATION ~ P.AS.S. 154 6.2.9 FIRE EXTINGUISHER MAINTENANCE, AB 63 FIRE PROTECTION... 6.3.1 AUTOMATIC FIRE SPRINKLERS 6.3.2 STANDPIPES winnie 6.3.3 FIRE DEPARTMENT CONNECTIONS 156 6.3.4 FIRE ALARM SYSTEMS., See sty enn 156 6.3.5 SMOKE CONTROL SYSTEMS ‘ 156 iin BA, 5S 155 6.3.6 FIRE COMMAND SYSTEMS . ss rsnssgmae ern — rovmensen SB 6.3.7 POST FIRE SMOKE PURGE 4 156 6.3.8 AUXILIARY RADIO COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS (ARCS) .....:eeeerrnnnee 156 6.4 FIRE PREVENTION. ¢ 65 ELEMENTS OF AFIRE SAFETY POLICY... 6.5.1 COMMON FIRE HAZARDS...» 66 FIRE CODE 6.6.1 FIRE SAFETY PLAN,. 6.6.2 FIRE SAFETY PLAN STRUCTURE 6.7 TYPE OF FIREFIGHTING INSTALLATIONS..... at oie 6.7.1 TYPES OF PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS. : 160 6.7.2 PASSIVE FIRE PROTECTION 6.7.3 SMOKE CONTROL OF EXITS.. 68 NBC STANDARDS FOR FIRE BIBAPOCCUPANT LOAD... a ‘6.8.2 CAPACITIES OF MEANS OF EGRESS 6.8.3 TRAVEL DISTANCE... 6.8.4 INTERNAL STAIRCASES. 6.8.5 HANDRAILS. inn 6.8.6 COMPARTMENTATION...... 69 VERTICAL TRANSPORT IN BUIDINGS - ELEVATORS. 610 TYPES OF ELEVATORS..... spss LOL KP GATE Classes, New Delhi | Coaching for GATE & Other Recruitment Tests in Architecture & Planning KP GATE CLASSES, NEW DELHI - INDIA’S No. 1 Architecture COACHING 6.10.1 TRACTION ELEVATORS .. 6.10.2 ROPING ARRANGEMENTS. 6.10.3 COUNTERWEIGHT .... 6.10.4 HOIST MECHANISMS .... 167 168 169 169 6.10.5 HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS... . TiemmmenmRaNELTD 6.10.6 BASIC TYPES OF HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS 172 6.11 USES OF ELEVATORS si sie i on 1T8 6.11.1 PASSENGER ELEVATOR. 6.11.2 FREIGHT ELEVATORS.. 6.11.3 DUMBWAITER 6.11.4 SIDEWALK ELEVATORS.. 6.11.5 STAGE LIFTS... 6.11.6 VEHICLE ELEVATORS.. 6.11.7 PATERNOSTER.... 6.11.8 SCISSOR LIFT... 6.11.9 RACK-AND-PINION ELEVATOR. 6.11.10 ELEVATORS FOR URBAN TRANSPORT. 6.11.11 WORLD'S FASTEST ELEVATORS 612 ESCALATORS. 6.12.1 OPERATION AND LAYOUT 6.12.2 DESIGN AND LAYOUT CONSIDERATIONS. 6.12.3 COMPONENTS. nosy 6.12.4 NOTABLE EXAMPLES... / 6.13 TRAVELATOR OR MOVING WALKWAYS. 6.13.1 TYPES OF MOVING WALKWAYS...... 6.13.2 BASIC COMPONENTS... CHAPTERT. | TRANSPORTATION... : 7.1 TYPICAL.CROSS SECTION OF HIGHWAY 74d” CARRIAGEWAY / PAVEMENT. 72. SHOULDERS... a 7.1.3 \ WIDTH OF FORMATION 7:24" ROAD MARGINS... 7.2) RIGHT OF WAY... 721 KERBS..... 722 CAMBER... 7.23 BUILDING LINE 7.24 CONTROL LINE... 7.3 GRADIENT 731 TYPES OF GRADIENT... KP GATE Classes, New Delhi | Coaching for GATE & Other Recruitment Tests in Architecture & Planning KP GATE CLASSES, NEW DELHI - INDIA’S No. 1 Architecture COACHING 732 CREEPER LANE..... 733 GRADE COMPENSATION. 7.4 SUMMIT CURVE. 7.4. DESIGN CONSIDERATION. 196 196 197 97 75 VALLEY CURVE Sarai eaoamete sriemmmnnceedl OD 75.1 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS: 198 7.6 SIGHT DISTANCE ste i 199 7.6.1 STOPPING SIGHT DISTANCE os flee. 200 7.6.2 INTERMEDIATE SIGHT DISTANCE........ . au 201 7.6.3 OVERTAKING SIGHT DISTANCE 7.6.4 SIGHT DISTANCE AT INTERSECTIONS. TT SUPER ELEVATION sonssnsnssessnn 7.7.1 CALCULATION OF SUPER ELEVATION 7.7.2 TYPES OF SUPER ELEVATION 7.7.3 DESIGN SPEED... 7.8 TRAFFIC INTERSECTION... 7.8.1 Type of At-grade Intersection 7.8.2 — Conflicts at an intersection .....mmy Mp : — 7.83 LEVELS OF INTERSECTION CONTROL... : 208 7.84 — PASSIVE CONTROL... 7.8.5 SEMI CONTROL. 7.8.6 ACTIVE CONTROL. 787 GRADE SEPARATED INTERSECTION - 7.88 — CLASSIFICATION OF GRADE SEPARATED INTERSECTION aut 7.89 ACCELERATION.LANE .. 7.8.10 DECELERATION LANES 7.9 CLASSIFICATION OF URBAN ROADS... 7.9.1 EXPRESSWAYS. 7.92") ARTERIAL.... 7.9.3.9 SUB-ARTERIAL... - 7.9.4 \ COLLECTOR STREET .... 795" LOCAL STREET..... 79.6 ACCESS STREET. 7.9.7 DESIGN SPEED OF URBAN ROADS 7.9.8 ROW OF URBAN ROADS. 7.10 TRANSPORT PLANNING. 7.10.1 SURVEY DESIGN aaa 7.10.2 INFORMATION NEEDED... 710.3 O-D SURVEY ou 201 202 1203 1203 KP GATE Classes, New Delhi | Coaching for GATE & Other Recruitment Tests in Architecture & Planning KP GATE CLASSES, NEW DELHI - INDIA’S No. 1 Architecture COACHING 7.10.4 ROADSIDE INTERVIEWS... 7.10.5 CORDON AND SCREEN-LINE SURVEY ... 7.11 TRANSPORT MODELING... 7 7.411 TRANSPORT DEMAND AND SUPPLY ... 219 219 219 219 7AL2 TRAVEL DEMAND MODELING ws 11220 7.42 TRAFFIC ENGINEERING 223 7.12.1 Traffic volume (or) Volume of traffic.

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