SG2500HV-MV-20 MPPT Descriptions

SG2500HV-MV-20 MPPT Descriptions

Version Date Author Approved by
V10 May.16.2017;Mar.9.2018 Li X Zheng W

1.Introduction

This document describes the MPPT strategies used for SG2500HV-MV-20;

An updated Three-point-weight comparison algorithm is developed to track the max. power point without oscillation
problem which usually happens to traditional P&O (perturbation and observation) algorithm; Meanwhile, this novel
algorithm allows the inverter to control the operating voltage to stay stable in case of sudden change of solar
irradiation to avoid unnecessary fluctuation;

This document is intended to be used by the specific addressees; No part of this document may be reproduced or
distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of Sungrow Power Supply Co., Ltd.

2.SG2500HV-MV-20 MPPT Algorithm

2.1. Three-point-weight comparison with variable step MPPT algorithm

The traditional P&O algorithm compares only two points, which perturbs the current operating point to the
subsequent perturbation point and observes the power difference to decide whether to increase or decrease the
solar array voltage[1].

The inherent flaw of this algorithm is it oscillates around the MPP, resulting in power loss, especially in cases of rapid
change of solar radiation.

The 3-point weight comparison [2][3] is performed by perturbing the PV arrays to run at 3 different points of its P-V
curve and comparing the output power of these 3 points to determine the next move;

PB
P PA
PC

∆U ∆U V

Fig-1 Typical P-V Curve.

The algorithm of 3-point weight comparison goes as below:

The point A is the current point; point B, perturbed from point A; point C, perturbed in the opposite direction from
point A; the next point the PV array runs on is determined by comparing the output power of these three points;

A ‘Tag’ is set for representing the status; ‘0’ is assigned by default to ‘Tag’. If P A <=P B , or if P A> P c, Tag=Tag+1; for
any of the rest cases, Tag=Tag-1;

If Tag=2, U A =U B ; the operating voltage of the PV array is perturbed to be increased;

If Tag=-2, U A =U C ; the operating voltage of the PV array is perturbed to decrease;

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SG2500HV-MV-20 MPPT Descriptions

If Tag=0, U A =U A ; the operating voltage of the PV array stays unchanged;

B
A
C
A

C B A
C
B
1 2 3

A B C A B C A

C
B
4 5 6

C C B B

A B C A

A
7 8 9

Fig.-2 9 Possible States of the Three Perturbation Points.

Of the three measured points, if two are positively weighted, the array voltage is to be increased by increasing the
duty cycle of the inverter. On the contrary, when two are negatively weighted, t the array voltage is to be decreased.
For the rest cases with one positive and one negative weighting, it indicates either the MPP has been reached or the
solar radiation has changed rapidly and the duty cycle is to remain unchanged.

The algorithm keeps recording the three operating point states of the system, to form a hysteresis loop of the current
working time which ensures the robustness of the tracking direction and forecast the direction of the next operating
point.

The MPPT control strategy will adjust the width of the hysteresis loop in real time and the relative position of the
three operating points in the hysteresis loop in order to deal with unpredictable environmental changes that may
cause MPP track failure.

For multi-peak-value P-V curve caused by partial shading, Add intermittent optimal scanning function. This can
effectively avoid the MPPT low efficiency while the inverter in the pseudo optimal operating point.

The overall efficiency of the inverter can be evaluated following the standard EN50530 [4], where the detailed
procedures for testing the MPPT efficiency are described;

2.2. References:

[1] Enslin, J. H. R. and Snyman, D. B., “Simplified Feed-Forward Control of the Maximum Power Pont in PV
Installations,” Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics Motion Control, Vol.1, pp.
548553 (1992).

[2] Gong Jian, Ji Xing-quan, Zang Bao-hua; ‘The MPP Tracking based on improved three-point weight comparison
method; Renewable Energy Resources, 2011, Vol.29,No.2.

[3] Joe-Air Jiang1, Tsong-Liang Huang2, Ying-Tung Hsiao2* and Chia-Hong Chen2, Maximum Power Tracking for
Photovoltaic PowerSystems; Tamkang Journal of Science and Engineering, Vol. 8, No 2, pp. 147_153 (2005),

[4] EN50530-Overall efficiency of photovoltaic inverters