Name: Unit P1-06 ~ Work, Power, and Energy fered | __ Lesson Notes P1-06-1: Types of Energy II in the tabl interna C Fill in the table; ohergy Gravitational Potential |” Kinetic Energy (K) Elastic Potential Dissipated Ehergy __ Energy (Up) z G Energy o 7 eo | explain CROP, 24 277 nergg A Enerya Flee) & eee has Fetes | moving ebyed in stretched % an Wetuth oe ln & TOON as comp rersed et mol C40 €5 field. Sptih hak. State Al - ~ z cL L =F secs pUzmgny [Ked.my* |Ueet ket Ex he ok sr mats ob ebect) 2 apping constr fee Fneton Fore ya tbect'S Ket 'V Zobect’s edd | “ez splny’s ate eN OE ete ne, What p el Have a Be movin Spr tal Oe have ot 5 7. fee flr 9 bedoing | AecghT 4o%U (5 WHret ee|| 7 Pee foie 2ero of compresst/| moel€cales is type = of From (09 hatan| Meal _ energy? (eng th random = he«t) What dose Move eve 9 tearted or \ogp! aa ake to : . rr ha antl Compress 9p wee [hgher Me Pare ot ft Come Ctr | equilib | heat =hyher tay ) Wha . doesit [yo fo a Let spring |Loss wagon take to Move ol decrease | COWe Slome, | Seturn 16 | gofter 7 this type heeght its natual| (ower temp) = (erg energy? wae Obect & Cart ga tem or A tons of Molecales possesses € movih7 | sayin of Mbect seh) 970 | oh ect 7 energy?‘Test Your Understanding: Using the four types of energy above and other types of energy you know of, fill in the blanks below that describe the energy transformations in each of the experiments described. Experiment 1: A heavy block rests on a table. A person lifts the block up one meter, and then drops the block onto the table, making @ loud sound, When the person does postive work to lift the heavy block, the Gi ay FE _ ofthe block-Larth system inereases, Then the block is dropped, and the — Grav (EC _recomes Kthetic her inthe block. Finally, when the block lands, the Tenet E__ ofthe block becomes_ his 4 pated © Experiment 2* A cart is initially at rest. A person pushes the cart, causing the cart to speed up, The cart crashes into a wall, making a loud sound. ‘The person does positive work in order to inerease the cart’s Kaetic When the eat erashes into the wall, treme CE _of the cart becomes dsaypeted © periment 3: A person jumps off of a bridge while attached to an elastic cord, The person falls until the cord begins to stretch, then the cord brings the person to a stop before they land on the ground. Initially, before jumping off of the bridge, the person-Earth system has Cray PE becomes K(he Tee _. Once the cord begins to stretch, both, Grav PE and_Kin etic & __decome 5p gabe ed As the person falls, ‘periment 4: A person pushes a box across a carpet. As the box slides across the carpet, the carpet and box become warmer. The person changes. A2mi ce ( &&/ in their body into Kemetic © tor the box, but friction changes_ Cone T7C _E of the box into AtGapated _€ for the box and the carpet. ‘Test Your Understanding: Suppose a ball is dropped trom a height H. If the ball is perfectly elastic, what would you expect the ball to do after bouncing? Explain what would happen in terms of energy transformations, thectla elastic, ball woulf bame u IF fs sand healt 08 of fd oy : an Energy 9% UW PK Ply tn Actual bouncy balls are not perfectly elastic, so what do they do? plain what actualy hay terms of Fee? (eas A energy transformations. oO U7 k eek ame Chergy (4 dapat eo KA ° ne ET Ae $ ih bounce 50 ball hes oe _ (ess Ke ab ter tan A A Bq Ao gefore ¢ Phat wt u uke, Okey ” beépames less, [PF1-062: Conservation of Energy [-* ] What is the general form of the equation for conservation of enesgy? tartal te tal Mery Epnal totel Airy KitUc = Ke Up TEA Explain what “conservation of energy” means. Hint: There are two answers; one involves a “closed system” and the other involves an “open system’ in @ closed system total Chergg_ Tot Chey, ee before < arte / Ih an fth system, ahy ChErYY feed by 2 5tem 65 losf by pi anclies lene Chin? bef 7 é 5 5 . WA Your S4¥oIyn Explain what an “open system” is and what a “closed system” is. Explain what conservation of energy/neans int én open system and what conservation of energy means in a closed system. 3 OAC wrth Oper 99ST" Can exchange (788 22 Us 5A zy? =v ‘Test Your Understanding: Now suppose you are 50 kg and you jump off of the roof of RHHS (20 m high). This time, you wear a crude parachute that causes you to reach the ground going 10 mvs, How much enerey away t air ions? oF arg-the a ‘your answer? PUG se Ke Bet 21900 +E, gtert et ‘ ard on d 7 (0000 = 250 d rest \ ae _ EL = 7500) my zrmv + CA 2 (40)(h) (22) = £40) * Eo ‘Test Your Understanding: A student in gym class wants to measure the speed that he can dash straight forward. 1e student has a friend who wants to help, but the friend only has a meterstic 10 stopwatch. There is a rope for climbing suspended from the ceiling. Explain how the student ean use the meterstick, the rope, and a conservation of energy equation to calculate his dash speed. Run fouarel the (pe wih CmnKk nown) spect V Grah £0 pr 4 Derg vf Measure het? Y SlUCh$ ay fo. Start weth EG Cn wry Gav ~E- 7 bi hy ve 279 R ny :ple: Four athletes participate in a competition. Each has the mass the table, and runs toward a long, vertical rope with initial athlete grabs the end of the rope and their motion causes them to 8 stopping at a maximum height / from the floor. The competition’s organi then realized they forgot how they were going to determine @ nner. Rank the athletes from “winner” to “loser” based on the following, and explain your reasoning. The height # that they reach The potential energy each att >D> AB | D> ce > BoA shown Athlete_| Mass | Speed A m v B 2m v izers fe m 2v D 2m | 2v Assuming that the length of the rope is at least as long as the highest height attained, does the length of affec f Each ttudent ZH sade Eack student A nee eee ee tarts with tals FE | Hers arth ket OA ce Grav wth Grav PE Me, sme 1oP* A Tinvt ee of 5 mv my gmvi =“, Cength dloes ” = hm 1 te % he Lv bq tata| OD Y= E (amv Lav" factor in a ue 2 i conser varten OF vy Co) £ (may) 22m . hapher heght) Q alakey) © - tacrzy Efne toa v oO 5 (omiau) 2 mv The following cases show a ramp Case A Case B Case C that consists of a right triangle with legs L m and 2L. The ramp is set in each of the configurations shown and a block of mass m 2m either m or 2m is set at the top of the ramp. L QL) e Th lid tion d¢ the Iypotemise ofthe angle" Rank cach of he cases according to the following criteria, and OL OL CQ explain your reasoning. : - Fs msn p~X Speed of the block upon _ | Kinetic energy of the Net force acting on the Acceleration of the block reaching the bottom of the | block upon reaching the __| block as it slides down as it slides down the ramp. bottom of the ramp. |-the ramp. ramy Cy AB OSA be CoA C>azB start ath nc with ae ath eref Fz ny nb Fema re ae ke opposite Ayysin 8 = Aye Ye . Dey mn79 = Ke Aypotea 77 i B peng | & sey dlepardy VN Depey= tog BT HE on fou tee hopher het 2 |B) Canylt) =D BOOM) a= A) amp OC means paste 9 (n)g eu) =m feng ie aTest Your Understanding: A block of mass{%s connected to a spring of constant k. The blogk starts with speed/mat a heigh(yJabove the floor and the spring starts with a seek) The block moves Gown the ramp a distanc& experiencing a friction Fores The blogk ends with a speed{v,}t a height{abave the Hloor and the spring ends with @ sire rag) « sonservat of enrny Equation tt eltsal of thee suas UP ai wager they + fra mad ere Ui = & ¢ Ur vr & Example: An m= 2.5 kg block slides on a flat, smooth track with an itial speed of v; = 8 m/s. The block then slides up a rough, L= 5m ong incline that has a vertical height of h = 2 m and onto another flat, on <_< th | Smooth task. ‘The block's final speed is y= 4 mis, (a) Calculate the number of joules of each type of (b) Calculate the number of joules of each type of energy the block has initially. energy the block has at the final instant. stimu K+ 5m ae =$ (2.54) 2207 £(25)(9)* Up > > mpgs (2.92) = SoF SOO E,= the Lemaning oft (©) Draw quantitative energy bar charts for the block-Earth system at the initial instant and the final instant. Also draw an energy transformation cross between the two diagrams. 100 — 100 nn force that acts on the block while it slides on the incline? bdz fe fo > Y fer 2“ ‘ (a) What is the magnitude of theE: it A ‘toa Ce F mass m = 10 kg com spring of force constant k= 4000 N/m a ps of entry coes not chene Aer Toe ' bi9y zy / ot ¢ 0.2 m. ‘The entire assembly is on a friction! mi-----" nei, (5 Ao platform that is f= 0.45 m high, The block is released TSE eles ef; from rest, and the spring reaches its natural length just hele va, as the block reaches the edge of the table, First, draw three qualitative energy bar charts and two energy transfer crosses to represent the situation. [gum [X< com) [is K U, U, E K U, U, K U, U, Betire release WY Edge of table Reaching floor (a) Calculate the block's speed at the edge of the table. (b) Calculate the block’s speed just before striking the L v r. = + kx = mph tam” Gey hehe = energy arte oO Loe rag hebore enerpy ah ter moh + Eke = Sh “ zl (0/* = 4()v* (etl) < (\nlen)”= 4 nv * Sv fee ahs iva (15 25V" on ™ vers oY oko 15 s fat the block _(d) Ifthe block strikes the floor and does not Bounce, but the floor is frictionless, then how much energy is lost during the impact with the floor? Explain how ow ypus Re Lg aguranswer after = by _ [ERG Kaper? alolf kapter= BOT (6) Calculate the horizon travels as a projectile. aLoet xe Vat 9% HE 4 Vey=D if Cayrd X (ye? 9 Nevcom tale ele 5 Oye art Keetare Env Ze)" (257°Example: A block of mass m compresses a spring of force constant ka distance x. The entire assembly is on a frictionléss platform that has a height h. The block is released from rest, and the spring launches the block forward ‘The block, alter reaching the end of the table, travels a horizontal distance D as a projectile, (a) Deseribe how each of the changes listed below would change the distance D and explain your reasoning. FT SES Src lc e Spring exe ts more Fore | More mess, gem legs Peed > Spring Stores more P&E on Cable * = w__ —? Rejult 1a Faster Teed t ‘} ii. Increasing the spring’s compression y Yr a S iv. Increasing the platform's height h Mow block 4ptnds mo The as a pryecTrle, 40 D ws Farther. (b) Derive an expression for each of the following in terms of k, x, m, and hit 9 {nr cre edged PD samy PeEF OS 45 parti : NEL, fi ? he di i. The speed of the Block upon ii, The time that the block spends _| iii. The distance D the block 1paching the end of the table as a projectile travels horizontally asa ke 2 Emv A 2 L 2 projectile week Let = av | ee a -\/% Ve E= (©) Use your answer to part (b)-iii to support each of your asserti Quantitative ns in part (a). i. Increasing the spring constant k »re D Increasing the block’s mass m_ ‘295 P ii, Increasing the spring’s compressions Me7= | iv. Increasing the platform's height h Zora D Trans lefirnfae P1-06-3: Work, Energy, and Power Sqmbol : W o AG umes Jalé, “What does “work” do? Answer as simply as you can, ti From on pbect Yr Tranghir oF A Feheen "ea nie Fill in these sentences: (oeoerty or Aeplecenmn/) Fora force to do positive work, [ and 6 — i: 6 Moton hus bake Anahe ond Positive work causes the system's NCSCEs— € Fora force todo negative work, EL Alisplacehr aah make % obtuse vaglt Negative work causes the system's C4 € to decreast Fora force wdo zero work, Ee cigglackmer’ are perptyaicaG ‘Zero work causes the system’s energy nh stig GEL State the equation for the work done by a force F that acts through a distance g. Drayy a picture in order to illustrate F,d, a = F> the force dong worle Com, We Ss co3 O az aly fa enger oF heck of ei fe (ae Poree acts pare WF O= ar - be Teeth FLA How can’ AE Steftaed from a wc State specifically what naire ona 5 Vary ng foree 15 represen ted by @ Py us x froph Woes = BLE of G force vs XK State the Work-Energy Principle for a single object ina ond het and a word equation. 4 x Gets parte energy fe Net amount of _. = ‘me ( wark Bea 5 A ~ i LAG smi + nee =e State the Work-Eneray Principle fora system of objects in @ symbol equation and a word equation, Sy9temn's inctal ener thet ugprk Gat = 997 Com oe a ( Kees Keele, Explain what power is. Give a general equation with words for power. Explain what a number of an object is doing with energy oper - rate at which work is done Pene rete at which mi ee Syminl: PP sents: atts i) peAS «plesat the bulb converts 100 JOC(€5 of A light bulb is rated at 100 W. This means. a we Llectrical — energy i bog ¥ an ti energy into tht peer _Seonel An electric motor delivers 500 W of power to lift an elevator, ‘This means that the motor converts Sop pales of electron Cag ino grey ta tona (IE ey aan € Co. A cat motor causes a car to go from zero kinetic energy to 10000 J of kinetic energy in 10 seconds. ‘The power delivered by the motor is _ 0.0 wa This means that the motor converts Tamer pis on _ 1020 ules of Chemcal eneryg ino _Kthetic cherey every _G.2c0n Example: A 1000 kg car has an engine that can produce a net force of 2000 N on the car. The car needs to go from 10,m/s toa s/s up an on-ramp to enter a freeway. How long does the on-ramp need to be for the car to gain tétequirel Speed? (Show a solution using forces and motionthen show a solution using work and energy.) Fema eae Se Cut prea CUR = Enel © aaa «(Leal tm «EA = Emr" amet 39%: 20d €(0* L¢poa)(tyy7 2000o = £ (1a(#0)* qo = £00 50060 trea = qs00%G A=200r rood = (GRP, ‘Test Your Understanding: ‘The graph shown to the right represents the force ut applied by a spring as a function of its streteh, Five data points were taken and plotted on the diagram, Draw a best-fit line to the data and answer the following three questions. Explain clearly how you arrived at each answer. LF, df ua (8) Whats the spring constant ofthe cine? Wwe tag P nse opr = fun 2 OS 5 5500 vw eg or 20 (b) How much work is done in stretching the spring _(c) Suppose a 5 kg object stretches the spring 0.4 m from 0.3 m of stretch to 0.5 m of stretch? horizontally. The spring launches the object as the D Miner of Evsx @ letkz AB spring returns to its natural length. How fast will the object go upon being launched? We thy Eke) Seran emery = Engr CST | steanest- 4 (sotoh ” \ z nert4 ens | es: v4 ke = pee amy «| oT (529624) = (3)U* 9 vid UsFY gyacd.c c053720G 9219 G* Example: A person is pushing an m= 10 kz box up an incline that is | | ‘ent of kinetic friction between the box and. | ~ is 41 = 0.25, The box is initially at rest, and the person uses a a irected parallel to the incline. up the incline to push the nd} ¥ es dq fe ‘box a distance of 50 m, (a) Cateutate th WUFK performed by each of the following forces, including the correct sign, Show symbolic ‘equations before pluggit ot Fretion a “me Lo bie l co ii. The weight foree iii. The frition (ree Wy tw A | Ups Py of 7 A snd -oA — hh aA = va 12) (06) ($9) — [Mrg os Wy 2- 30007 — (asylotmy(O8X) = a -— [0 Wy> Du, mete wept (O00 T instant and the final instant, Also draw an i. The applied force we ky A we (20190) wz 60007 (b) Draw energy bar charts for the block-Earth system at the i energy transformation cross between the two diagrams. 1 aren lg 10k ae k U, K U, Us Ep Ww U, K U, Us Ep (©) Calculate the final velocity stained by the v6 at the end of its 50 m slide. Kegny~ Qos =sv* pore $()V¥ — Yorey? “UL 220%e a force of which (a) Suppose instead the student pushes the box down the hill starting from rest a distance 50 m wit 120N applied parallel to the incline. What would the box’s final velocity be? Write a narrative you explain how you used your answers to part (a) to quickly and easily do this calculation. Cath 60007 from lose —(0@2T tr fthictiow Gain +3000 From gravity Unther then Coup of) = ~ GoooT of KE panedRoller Coaster Example: A roller coaster car carrying a single child has a total mass of 100 kg. It is moving very slowly at Point A, the top of the first hill of the track. ‘The net force acting on the car parallel to the track is represented by Fj. ‘The strength of this foree is shown in the graph as a function of distance along the track, where “forward net force” is positive. The only individual forces acting on the car are the weight force and the normal force, NOT the force of friction, Note that various points along the track are labeled B through £. Use g= 10 mis’, (a) Determine the net work done on the roller coaster between position x= 0 mand position x = 100 m. > iy Pred fran © to (00 t hase shaght 4 (to) (420) =200007- (b) Is the net work found in part (a) due to the normal force only, the weight force only, or do both forces do some work? Explain, Snce ty can never ao work (fw Ss re perperd cular Aaplacerend) a ( (120027 , pe (©) Does the ear move uphill or a it travels from position x = 0 m and position x= 100 16? Whdt is the change in height for the car? Explain all of your reasoning. =n Grurety does @ Wolk when oe s Leva < (10K A Uy? re object goes down) y= 20 (d) Does the‘car move’ ‘or downhill as it ttavels from position x = 100 m and position x = 200 m? What is the change in height for the car? Explain all of your reasoning, . Gunty does mezatire wo7k 19000 = NFO Ae igh ta900 =leartid AY oe When }c-7 Ug hk (¢) Draw the roller coaster track to the = 20m right, assuming that point Cis the 15m lowest point on the track. Labelall 10m five points on the track. Sm (0) Create energy bar charts for each point that the roller coaster passes through. Point A Point C Point D Point £ 20000J-==+ + 20000 pag === 20000 1-=-+ = 13000 150003 150001 10000 )---- HR 1000034 ---- 10000 1 5000 J = 50007 - 50003 KY,Kj AU tly = Ketlte | ks +c = ty tle Ey : | Example: An m= 2.0 kg compresses a spring of force constant 80 feat vy. | Nima distance 0.2 m from its natural length, When the block is released, it travels down a rough incline that is = 4 m high, The block's final speed after descending the incline is v = 2 m/s, How much work was done by friction on the block as the block slid down the incline? De PRE + ng sk ka? + We = amv brea oe 45 (4exo)* tip 2927 ele the “egy p ly. A student connects a 3 kg block to the spring, and then gently lowers the block until it reaches equilibrium. Once at equilibrium, the block remains at rest and stretches the spring 0.2 m, Let U, represent the gravitational potential energy of the block-spring-Earth system, and let U, repres spring potential energy of this system. Is the mechanical energy of the block-spring-Farth system conserved during the process of lowering the block from unstretched spring to equilibrium? Show why or why not using - ns, then a why or why not @ How mack Us G How much Uy 0 Fd G ganed? &5 lot? ot sy) Lon £ ke* C wae 2) ee 5 (esorl2 wy OT Feu, = 160 ey ervedl Gan Ts Personnoes © DB wolf FN va a rey are performing experimental trials in which a piece of clay of mass m is launched with intial ightward velocity fom an inal height 1, as shown in the diagram. In Trial 1, the clay is shaped such that forces acting on the clay due to the air can be ignored. In this tral, the horizontal distance traveled by the clay betore striking the ground is D,, and the speed of the clay just before striking the ground is v. Example: A spring hangs verti In each additional tial, draw a>, <, or reasoning. | | | | | jgn in the blank and explain your | In Trial 2 the clay is given a new shape such that the | In Trial 3, the clay is given a new shape such that the clay experiences a constant leftward force due to the _| clay experiences a constant upward force due to the air air for the entire time that the clay travels as a for the entire time that the clay travels as a projectile. projectile. Now the distance is D, and the speed Now the distance is Ds and the speed just before before striking the ground is v striking the ground is vs. byt 4 nen whon pnd nin Heat? ond & Leptward Force on g Cephtiwel |, (ess since TAR Sprard Fe pring ebect dec OAS artially cancels MI. KA 90 pghtuard gpeedi nee a cs more Time, arf X= vt, less Y, less X- YCVvE Fo more TIME, morex, Fer up makes obtuse enple wih Vay Steys Fame, less Ax 4 ownt vight oplavcenad Meany (95 7 ede 4 Lake Gomme ke x 90 Slow aeP1-06- Energy of Systems State what “mechanical energy” is. Total ofa (( Enetio t potertia | knernwes try & 9g 9 CEAY Fora system to have kinetic energy, what must be included in a system? Ane of More ober fs tT can move Fora system to have gravitational potential energy, what must be included in a system? Karth (or whe fevam 2kerts fren force] For a system to have elastic potential energy, what must be included in a system? Something elestic (lhe « geraz) ‘What must an internal force do in order to do positive work? Negative work? Zero work? What does an internal force do to the energy of a system? intemal Force cannf change etal ehegy of a Gyitr bat CB changk enerfy (1 399CEm Hs anther Porm 1 395-tem : a O wit: Eel » Pla Dwark: Cbd of tase, ai Quek: [bsce 0 eneqy ge tram KE % anther Lorn, rk’ ‘What must én external force do in order to do positive Negative work? Zero work? What does an external force do to the energy of a system if the external force does positive work? Negative work? Onsk! FLA acute ork: FEA obtase OQ uurl! Flo Seatem's tot ( Fqetem's ro tal Fore does 7 Uae a eAe7G MS Five wor Tone : " 6 NG eaeng 7 decreasing a Bh cae Fill in the T-chart contrasting the properties of a conservative force and a non-conservative force. Consenvabive bates | ‘Non-Conservative Force Conserves mechanicaC Mery Charges KE 4% 4% mon— (cheiges PE ICE ah KEM} mochanical form % hery. ” oR ser ene! tb KE ag ‘en Cie oh er ‘ek tart? “ Scheie wrth mee Mo PE asecieteA wth 17 wil done b Qa conserva th force only dead oa Objects Startl Cay eae tiny ) LIaT on path Work done by NONCOAGH Tne force dle rAS on “path ober takes,Fr 15 net acti w eles “Name two non-conservative forces: Name two conservative forces: ‘Test Your Understanding: The kinetic and potential energies of an object that travels along atrack, During which two intervals (labeled 4 through D) do only conservative forces aet on the object? Explain your reasoning. of these intervals. Mechancal ehergy Key Cain hh one Pherpy= (oss of other] Pp Example: A block is released from rest ular incline, The incline is frictionless, and the block slides down to point 8. At point B, the block transitions, to a flat, rough track, The block comes to rest at point C. Draw the forces acting on the block at points P and Q, and draw a vector representing the block’s velo draw energy bar charts and transfer crosses for this situation, Grant & [samy [9 — fretin £ applied Evree Aa human graph shows the Energy stayed GING joint A atthe top of 4 ty at those points, Then Point B In the tables below for caclt possil each interval, and state what energy transf mechanical energy of that system increases, decreases, or remai ible system, draw (+), (>), or (0) to state the work done by each force during (if ny) that force is responsible for. Also state whether the same. o SYSTEM CONSISTING OF THE BLOCK |. BLOCK-EARTH System KE # GPE onal, KE Force etween A ann 4 Between B and C Force Between A and B Between B and C Weight Tons ( FH) oedkgEY Toes CO Yung L Weieht Tose (O)) wt bee (O) work ree rrmutes GPE > oe “ramie 1 SRETH| | rrernal | tenses GPE» KE | reste A Qmeryey Normal [poe (Ovo | ove (O YoorFw LY |] Normal [pee (OQ Joo | pws ( OD)ooe Force: peres Force Transfers he @4H | transfers 1 _@n2779) Transfers MO L8%GY | rast Ch Friction Does (—) wor fiction |S u ao ) wo Fi eee fates > tmsters KE > ol nae sersKE_ > Net | networkin (P| nawones (—) Net | rewonn (QO) | newonis (—) Fare Mesh Ener Aecreaseg|| FORCE | sion ener Ftays FUhy mech ter CCH Abe Mech Ener, (Hi eres €5 | is 4 (fF RE meceses Fee cecrense 5Example: A bungee jumper stands on a bridge. The jumper leaves the bridge from rest (1), is in free-fall until the instant the cord begins to stretch (ID), and then is brought to rest by the cord for an instant (III). Draw the forces acting on the person and a vector representing i jotion: $ ne I 9 Between | and Il vw Between Il and III: } by I, mn Draw energy bar charts and energy transformation crosses for this situation Point I Point II Point III U, \K] U, Ey US In the tables below for each possible system, draw (+), (~), or (0) to state the work done by each force during each interval, and state what energy transfer (if any) that force is responsible for. Also state whether mechanical energy of that system increases, decreases, or remains the sa KEL PE SON-EARTH SYSTEM 44 SYSTEM CONSISTING OF THE PERSON Force__Between Land Il__Between II and II Foree__Betweenland Il __ Between I and II Weight [ses (F oon & & [poe (F won VFO} oes (© ) work oes (O) work Force © Fores nstrs Ug > | tramers Ug >» KY an terall renters emt > Spring | por oes (= Joon ff} | Spring Foree Foree en tists K_9 Ug Net Jrermoas(F) | retwons (=) Net Js (OY [soni (~) Force | eon pner hereasey | ech ser chetiarreages| || Forte | ween ener, Tec | Mech Ener, ACCr-easds nes aa ie +40F KE “SPE # OPE PERSON-CORD SYSTEM. PERSON-CORD-EARTH SYSTEM. Force, Between I and IL Between II and IIL Force Between I and IL Between II and III Weight ees ( F ) work Does ( F) work pau pees (O ) work ees (OQ) work force Force restos 4 9K | tates G9 ||| entrees times Up 9 KE Spring Dos oes (CQ) ) work Spring Does (—) work ACen yess mtn K_ 9 Us 2 poses K_> Net, [raworis(F) —] netwonis ( 7) Net | nawoxs (O nerwoit's (>) Force | ears, CAO | mecn ener ACV _||| Fore | mech ener, sare | mech tner SCM-E 16