Sub: Physics

Std-12th CBSE ZAG-ZI Practice Sheet

5 MARKS QUESTIONS
Q.1 a) Define electric flux. Is it a scalar or a vector quantity?
A point charge q is at a d/2 distance of d/2 directly above the centre of a square of side d, as shown in the
figure. Use Gauss's law to obtain the expression for the electric flux through the square.
(b) If the point charge is now moved to a distance 'd' from the centre of the square and the side of the
square is doubled, explain how the electric flux will be affected.

Q.2 (a) Use Gauss' law to derive the expression for the electric field (𝐸⃗ ) due to a straight uniformly charged
infinite line of charge density λ Cm-1
(b) Draw a graph to show the variation of 𝐸⃗ with perpendicular distance r from the line of charge.
(c) Find the work done in bringing a charge q from perpendicular distance r1 to r2 (r2 > r1).
Q.3 (a)Using Gauss's law, derive expression for intensity of electric field at any point near the infinitely long
straight uniformly charged wire.
(b)The electric field components in the following figure are Ex = ax, Ey = 0, Ez = 0; in which a = 400 N/C m.
Calculate (i) the electric flux through the cube, and (ii) the charge within the cube, assume that a = 0.1 m.

Q.4 (a)Parallel plate capacitor of capacitance 'C' is charged to V' volt by a battery. After some time the battery is
disconnected and the distance between the plates is doubled. Now a slab of dielectric constant 1 < K < 2 is
introduced to fill the space between the plates. How will the following be affected?
(i)The electric field between the plates of the capacitor?
(ii) The energy stored in the capacitor.
(b)Find the ratio of the potential differences that must be applied across the parallel and series combination
of two capacitors C1 and C2 with their capacitances in the ratio 1: 2 so that the energy stored in the two
cases becomes the same.
Q.5 (i)State the two Kirchhoff's laws. Explain briefly how these rules are justified.
(ii)The current is drawn from a cell of emf E and internal resistance r connected to the network of resistors
each of resistance r as shown in the figure. Obtain the expression for

(a) the current drawn from the cell and (b) the power consumed in the network..
 Q.6 A household circuit has a fuse of 5 A rating. Calculate the maximum number of bulbs of rating 60 W - 220 V
each which can be connected in this household circuit?
(b) A battery of e.m.f. E and internal resistance r is connected across a pure resistive device of resistance R.
Show that the power output of the device is maximum when the external resistance R and source internal
resistance r become equal. Determine this maximum power output.
Q.7 Are the paths of electrons straight lines between successive collisions (with positive ions of the metal) in the
(i)absence of electric field,
(ii)presence of electric field?
Establish a relation between drift velocity Vd of an electron in a conductor of cross-section A, carrying
current I and concentration n of free electrons per unit volume of conductor. Hence obtain the relation
between current density and drift velocity.
(b) Calculate (i) the equivalent resistance between A and B of the electrical network given below, and
(ii) the current drawn by the network of a battery, of EMF 8 V, internal resistance 1 ohm is connected across
points A and B.

Q.8 State Biot-Savart law, expressing it in the vector form. Use it to obtain the expression for the magnetic field
at an axial point, distance 'd' from the centre of a circular coil of radius 'a' carrying current I. Also find the
ratio of the magnitudes of the magnetic field of this coil at the centre and at an
axial point for which d = a-3.
Q.9 Explain using a labelled diagram, the principle and working of a moving coil galvanometer.
What is the function of (i) uniform radial magnetic field, (ii) soft iron core?
(b) Define the terms (i) current sensitivity and (ii) voltage sensitivity of a galvanometer. Why does increasing
the current sensitivity not necessarily increase voltage sensitivity?
Q.10 (a) Explain how Biot-Savart's law enables one to express the Ampere's circuital law in the integral form,
(b) Derive the expression for the torque acting on the rectangular current carrying coil of a galvanometer.
Why is the magnetic field made radial?
Q.11 Depict the magnetic field lines due to two straight, long, parallel conductors carrying currents l1 and I2 in
the same direction. Hence deduce an expression or the force acting per unit length on one conductor due
to the other. Is this force attractive or repulsive?
Figure shows a rectangular current carrying loop placed 2 cm away from a long, straight, current-carrying
conductor. What is the direction and magnitude of the net force acting on the loop?

Q.12 (a)A conductor of length 'I' is rotated about one of its ends at a constant angular speed '𝜔' in a plane
perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field B. Plot graphs to show variations of the emf induced across the
ends of the conductor with (i) angular speed 𝜔and (ii) length of the conductor I.
(b)A square loop of side 20 cm is initially kept 30 cm away from a region of uniform magnetic field of 0.1 T
as shown in the figure. It is then moved towards the right with a velocity of 10 cm s-1 till it goes out of the
field.
Plot a graph showing the variation of
(i) magnetic flux (𝜙) through the loop with time (t). (ii) induced emf (e) in the loop with time t. (iii) induced
current in the loop if it has resistance of 0.1 ohm.
Q.13 (a)Draw a schematic sketch of an ac generator describing its basic elements. State briefly its working
principle. Show a plot of variation of
1. Magnetic flux and
2.Alternating emf versus time generated by a loop of wire rotating in a magnetic field.
(b) Why is choke coil needed in the use of fluorescent tubes with ac mains?
Q.14 In the following diagram, the arm PQ of the rectangular conductor is moved from x=0; outwards.
The uniform magnetic field is perpendicular to the plane and extends from x = 0 to x = b and is zero
for x > b. Only the arm PQ possesses substantial resistance 'r. Consider the situation when the arm
PQ is pulled outwards from x = 0 to x = 2b, and is then moved back to x = 0 with constant speed 'v.
Obtain expressions for the (i) electric flux, (i) the induced emf, (iii) the force necessary to pull the arm and
(iv) the power dissipated as Joule heat. Sketch the variation of these quantities with distance.

Q.15 (a)why an induced current has no direction of its own?

(b) A square coil of side 10 cm is placed in the East-West plane. A magnetic field of 0.1 T is set up in 0.7 s
and in the North-East direction through the coil. The coil has a resistance of 0.7 ohm. What is the
magnitude of the induced e.m.f. and current?
Q.16 (a)In series LR circuit XL= R and power factor of the circuit is P1. When capacitor with capacitance C it would
such that XL= Xc is put in series, the power factor becomes P2. Calculate P1/P2.
(b) Show that an ideal inductor does not dissipate power in ac circuit.
Q.17 Draw the diagram of a device which is used to decrease high ac voltage into a low ac voltage and state its
working principle. Write four sources of energy loss in this device.
(b) A small town with a demand of 1200 kW of electric power at 220 V is situated 20 km away from an
electric plant generating power at 440 V. The resistance of the two wire line carrying power is 0.5 ohm per
km. The town gets the power from the line through a 4000-220 V step-down transformer at a substation in
the town. Estimate the line power loss in the form of heat.
Q.18 In a series LCR circuit connected across an ac source of variable frequency, obtain the expression for its
impedance and draw a plot showing its variation with frequency of the ac source.
(b) What is the phase difference between the voltages across inductor and the capacitor at resonance in the
LCR circuit?
(c) When an inductor is connected to a 200 V dc voltage, a current of 1 A flows through it. When the same
inductor is connected to a 200 V, 50 Hz ac source, only 0.5 A current flows. Explain, why ? Also, calculate
the self inductance of the inductor.
Q.19 A circuit is set up by connecting inductor L = 100 mH, capacitor C = 5 uF and resistor = 100 ohm in series.
An alternating e.m.f. of (150/√2) V,(500/𝛱)Hz is applied across this series combination. Calculate the
impedance of the circuit. What is the average power dissipate in (a) the resistor, (b) the capacitor,
(c) the inductor and (d) the complete circuit?
Q.20 Figure given below shows how the reactance of a capacitor varies with frequency.
( Use the information on graph to calculate the value of capacity of the capacitor.
(ii)An inductor of inductance L' has the same reactance as the capacitor at 100 Hz find the value of L.
(iii)Using the same axes, draw a graph of reactance against frequency for the inductor given in part (ii).
(iv) If this capacitor and inductor were connected in series to a resistor of 10 ohm , what would be the
impedance of the combination at 300 Hz?
Q.21 (a)A solenoid has a core of a material with relative permeability of 500. The windings of the solenoid are
insulated from the core and carry a current of 2 A. If the number of turns is 1000 per meter, then find the
magnetisation.
(b)A solenoid has core of a material with relative permeability 500 and its windings carry a current of 1 A.
The number of turns of the solenoid is 500 per metre. What is the magnetization of the material nearly?
Q.22 (a)A point object is placed in front of a double convex lens (of refractive index n = n2/n1 with respect to air)
with its spherical faces of radii of curvature R1 and R2. Show the path of rays due to refraction at first and
subsequently at the second surface to obtain the formation of the real image of the object.
Hence obtain the lens-maker's formula for a thin lens.
(b) A double convex lens having both faces of the same radius of curvature has refractive index 1.55. Find
out the radius of curvature of the lens required to get the focal length of 20 cm.
Q.23 Using the ray diagram for a system of two lenses
of focal lengths f1 and f2 in contact with each other, show that the two lens system can be regarded as
equivalent to a single lens of focal length f, where
1/f=1/f1 + 1/f2
Also write the relation for the equivalent power of the lens combination.
(b) Determine the position of the image formed by the lens combination given in the figure.

Q.24 (a) A ray PQ of light is incident on the face AB of a glass prism ABC (as shown in the figure) and emerges out
of the face AC. Trace the path of the ray. Show that
Li + Le = LA + L𝛿
where 𝛿 and e denote the angle of deviation and angle of emergence .Plot a graph showing the variation of
the angle of deviation as a function of angle of incidence. State the condition under which L𝛿 is minimum.
(b) Find out the relation between the refractive index (µ) of the glass prism and LA for the case when the
angle of prism (A) is equal to the angle of minimum deviation (𝛿m). Hence obtain the value of the refractive
index for angle of prism A = 60°.
Q.25 (a)Draw a labelled ray diagram of an astronomical telescope to show the image formation of a distant
object. Write the main considerations required in selecting the objective and eyepiece lenses in order to
have large magnifying power and high resolution of the telescope.
(b) A compound microscope has an objective of focal length 1.25 cm and eyepiece of focal length 5 cm. A
small object is kept at 2.5 cm from the objective. If the final image formed is at infinity, find the distance
between the objective and the eyepiece
Q.26 i) Two independent monochromatic sources of light cannot produce a sustained interference pattern. Give
reason.
ii)Light waves each of amplitude "a" and frequency "𝜔", emanating from two coherent light sources
superpose at a point. If the displacements due to these waves is given by Y1 = a cos 𝜔 t and У2 = a cos (𝜔𝑡
+𝜙) where 𝜙 is the phase difference between the two, obtain the expression for the resultant intensity at
the point.
(b) In Young's double slit experiment, Using monochromatic light of wavelength 𝜆, the intensity of light at a
point on the screen where path difference is λ, is K units. Find out the intensity of light at a point where
path difference is λ/3.
Q.27 (i)State the essential conditions for diffraction of light.
 (ii) Explain diffraction of light due to a narrow single slit and the formation of pattern of fringes on the
screen.
(iii) Find the relation for width of central maximum in terms of wavelength 'X' width of slit 'a' and separation
between slit and screen 'D.
(iv) If the width of the slit is made double the original width, how does it affect the size and intensity of the
central band?
Q.28 (a) Write three characteristic features to distinguish between the interference fringes in Young's double slit
experiment and the diffraction pattern obtained due to a narrow single slit.
(b) A parallel beam of light of wavelength 500 nm falls on a narrow slit and the resulting diffraction pattern
is observed on a screen 1 m away. It is observed that the first minimum is a distance of 2.5 mm away from
the centre. Find the width of the slit.
Q.29 (i)With the help of a labelled circuit diagram, explain how a junction diode is used as a full wave rectifier.
Draw its input, output wave-forms.
(ii) How do you obtain steady d.c. output from the pulsating voltage ?
Q.30 (i) Explain with the help of suitable diagram, the two processes which occur during the formations of a p-n
junction diode. Hence, define the terms
(i) depletion region and (ii) potential barrier. (ii) Draw a circuit diagram of a p-n junction diode under
forward bias and explain its working.