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114 Chapter 2 Equations 2

10 The value of x in this isosceles triangle is:

A 30 50°
B 45
C 62.5
D 65 (2x + 5)°
E 130

Short-answer questions
1 Classify each of the following as true or false.
a If 3x = 6 then x = 3.
b If a = 21 then a + a − a = a.
c 5 × 4 = 10 + 10

2 Find the solutions to these equations.

m
a 4m = 16 b = −4
3
c 9 − a = 10 d 10m = 2
e 2m + 6 = 36 f a + a = 12

3 Write an equation to represent each of the following statements. You do not need to solve the equations.
a Double m plus 3 equals three times m.
b The sum of n and four is multiplied by five; the answer is 20.
c The sum of two consecutive even numbers, the first being x, is 74.

4 For each equation below, state the first operation you would apply to both sides.
x
a 15 + 2x = 45 b −5=6 c 3a + 3 = 2a + 10
2
5 Solve:
a a + 8 = 12 b 6 − y = 15 c 2x − 1 = −9
d 5 + 3x = 17 e 20 − 4x = 12 f 8a − 8 = 0

6 Solve the following equations systematically.

m 5x −2y
a = −2 b = 20 c = 12
3 2 3
k+3 8 − 2w 2a − 8
d −5 = e =4 f 13 =
11 3 6
7 Solve these equations by first finding a common denominator.
x 1 5x 3x x x
a 2= + b − =1 c − = 10
8 4 3 2 2 4
8 Solve these equations.
a 8a − 3 = 7a + 5 b 2 − 3m = m c 3x + 5 = 7x − 11
d 10 − 4a = a e 2x + 8 = x f 4x + 9 = 5x

9 Solve the following equations by first expanding the brackets.

a 2(x + 5) = 16 b 3(x + 1) = −9
c 18 = −2(2x − 1) d 3(2a + 1) = 27
e 5(a + 4) = 3(a + 2) f 2(3m + 5) = 16 + 3(m + 2)
g 8(3 − a) + 16 = 64 h 2x + 10 = 4(x − 6)
i 4(2x − 1) − 3(x − 2) = 10x − 3

Cambridge Maths NSW ISBN 978-1-108-46627-1 © Palmer et al. 2018 Cambridge University Press
Stage 4 Year 8 Second edition Photocopying is restricted under law and this material must not be transferred to another party.
 Chapter review 115

10 a The sum of three consecutive numbers is 39. First write an equation and then find the
value of the smallest number.
b Four times a number less 5 is the same as double the number plus 3. Write an equation to
find the number.
c The difference between a number and three times that number is 17. What is the number?
11 Solve the following simple quadratic equations. Round to two decimal places where necessary.
a x2 = 4 b x2 = 100 c a2 = 49
d x =8
2
e y = 39
2
f b2 = 914
12 State the number of solutions for x in these equations.
a 2x = 6 b x2 = 16 c x2 = 0
d 5x = 0
2
e 4x − 1 = 3 f x2 = −3

Extended-response questions
1 To upload an advertisement to the www.searches.com.au website it costs $20 and then
12 cents whenever someone clicks on it.
a Write a formula relating the total cost ($S) and the number of clicks (n) on the
advertisement.
b If the total cost is $23.60, write and solve an equation to find out how many times the
advertisement has been clicked on.
c To upload to the www.yousearch.com.au website it costs $15 initially and then 20 cents
for every click. Write a formula for the total cost, $Y, when the advertisement has been
clicked n times.
d If a person has at most $20 to spend, what is the maximum number of clicks they can
afford for their advertisement at yousearch.com.au?
e Set up and solve an equation to find the minimum number of clicks for which the total
cost of posting an advertisement to searches.com.au is less than the cost of posting to
yousearch.com.au.
2 Mahni plans to spend the next 12 weeks saving some of her income. She will save $x a week
for the first 6 weeks and then $(2x − 30) a week for the following 6 weeks.
a Write an expression for the total amount Mahni saves over the 12 weeks.
b If Mahni managed to save $213 in the first 6 weeks, how much did she save:
i in the first week? ii in the 7th week?
iii in total over the 12 weeks?
c If Mahni wishes to save a total of $270, write and solve an equation to find out how much
she would have to save in the first week.
d If Mahni wishes to save the same amount in the first 6 weeks as in the last 6 weeks, how
much should she save each week?
e In the end Mahni decides that she does not mind exactly how much she saves but wants
it to be between $360 and $450. State the range of x values that would achieve this goal,
giving your answer as an inequality.

Cambridge Maths NSW ISBN 978-1-108-46627-1 © Palmer et al. 2018 Cambridge University Press
Stage 4 Year 8 Second edition Photocopying is restricted under law and this material must not be transferred to another party.
 Pre Grade 8 Assessment Test for Mathematics

Q1. Find the perimeter and area of the figure below:

Each unit square is 1 cm by 1 cm. and each diagonal is 1.5 cm.

2
Q2. Express 3 as an improper fraction.
5

2 1
Q3. Find the value of +
3 2

Q4. Betty has 3 sisters and 2 brothers. How many siblings are there altogether in the
family?

2 5 5
Q5. Find the value of ÷ ×
3 9 2

Q6. Evaluate 2 + 3 × 5

Q7. Find the value of (–5) + (–7) – (–3)

Q8. Solve 4𝑥 − 3 = 17

Pre Grade 8: Mathematics 3 © Ezy Math Tutoring | All Rights Reserved

 Q9 a) If you flip one coin, what is the probability of getting a head?
b) If you flip that same coin twice, what is the probability of getting heads both
times?

Q10 Your last five test scores out of 10 are 5, 7, 2, 7, 6

Find the mean, median, and mode of the above results.
Which statistic would you tell your parents and why?

Q11 You and your best friend buy a lottery ticket. You will share the winnings for
yourself and your friend in the ratio of 6:5 respectively. If $4400 is won, what
amount of money do you win?

0 2 0
Q12 What is the value of a) b) c) ?
2 0 0

1
Q13. How many quarter kilos are there in 5 2 kilos?

Q14. A mountain bike lists for $550. Calculate the total cost if GST is 7% and PST is 8%.
[use a calculator]

Q15. If 9% of a number is 72, find the number.

Q16. Determine the surface area and volume of the following 3 D figure. All
measurements are in cm.

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 Q17. a) Flip the arrow in the flip line
b) Slide the arrow down so the tip of the arrow called A moves to point B
c) Rotate the arrow ½ turn around Point C.

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