Unit 2: Operating System

(Windows OS)4hrs
2.1 Start/shutdown computer (login/logout)
2.2 Create user account
2.3 Set/unset login password
2.4 Install/uninstall software
2.5 Copy/ save files
2.6 Create/delete/rename folder or file
2.7 Sort/search files
2.8 Use various accessory applications of Windows
2.9 Personalize desktop screen and change resolution
Starting (Booting Up)Computer
1. Power On the Computer:
1. Press the power button on your computer to turn it on.
2. Wait for Boot Process:
1. Allow the computer some time to go through the boot process. This
includes loading the operating system and initializing system components.
3. Login Screen:
1. Once the boot process is complete, you will see the login screen. If your
computer is set up with user accounts, select your username or enter your
credentials to log in.
4. Desktop Appears:
1. After successful login, the desktop environment will appear, and you can
start using your computer.
Loging Out of the computer
1. Save Your Work:
1. Before logging out, make sure to save any open documents or work to
prevent data loss.
2. Click on Start Menu:
1. In the bottom-left corner of the screen, click on the Start menu icon. This is
usually represented by the Windows logo.
3. User Account:
1. Click on your user account name or profile picture in the Start menu.
4. Select "Sign Out" or "Log Out":
1. From the dropdown menu that appears, choose the option to "Sign Out" or
"Log Out." This will close your user session.
Shutting Down the Computer
1. Save Your Work:
1. Before shutting down, make sure to save any open documents or work to prevent data
loss.
2. Click on Start Menu:
1. In the bottom-left corner of the screen, click on the Start menu icon. This is usually
represented by the Windows logo.
3. Power Icon:
1. In the Start menu, click on the Power icon. This is often represented by a circle with a
vertical line inside it or a power symbol.
4. Select "Shut Down":
1. A menu will appear with options like Shut Down, Restart, Sleep, etc. Click on "Shut Down"
to turn off the computer.
5. Wait for Shut Down:
1. Windows will begin the shut-down process. Wait for your computer to completely power
off.
 Create User Account
1. Open the Control Panel:
1. Click on the "Start" button in the bottom-left corner of the screen.
2. Select "Control Panel" from the menu.
2. User Accounts:
1. In the Control Panel, find and click on the "Add or remove user accounts" option.
This may be under the "User Accounts and Family Safety" category.
3. Create a New Account:
1. Look for an option to "Create a new account." Click on it.
4. Enter Account Information:
1. Type in the desired username for the new account.
2. Choose the account type. You can select "Standard user" or "Administrator." An
administrator has more control over the system.
5. Click the "Create Account" button.
 Setting Login Password
1. Open the Control Panel:
1. Click on the "Start" button.
2. Select "Control Panel."
2. Navigate to User Accounts:
1. Click on "User Accounts" or "User Accounts and Family Safety."
3. Change Your Password:
1. Choose "Change your Windows password."
4. Create a New Password:
1. Type in the new password you want to set.
2. Confirm the password by typing it again.
5. Add a Password Hint (Optional):
1. You can add a hint to help you remember the password. This is optional but can be useful.
6. Finish the Process:
1. Click the "Change password" button to apply the new password.
Unsetting(Removing) Login Password
1. Open the Control Panel:
1. Click on the "Start" button.
2. Select "Control Panel."
2. Navigate to User Accounts:
1. Click on "User Accounts" or "User Accounts and Family Safety."
3. Remove Your Password:
1. Choose "Remove your password."
4. Enter Current Password (if applicable):
1. If you have a password currently set, enter it to proceed.
5. Confirm the Removal:
1. Confirm that you want to remove the password.
6. Finish the Process:
1. Click the "Remove password" or "Finish" button to complete the process.
Installing Software
1. Download Software:
1. Obtain the software installation file from a reputable source. This is often a
downloadable .exe or .msi file.
2. Locate the Installation File:
1. Go to the folder where you downloaded the installation file.
3. Start installation:
1. Double-click on the installation file.
4. Install the Software:
1. Click the "Install" or "Next" button to initiate the installation process. The progress
bar will show the installation status.
5. Complete the Installation:
1. Once the installation is complete, Click "Finish" to exit the installer.
Uninstalling a Software
1. Open Control Panel:
1. Click on the "Start" button.
2. Select "Control Panel."
2. Go to "Programs":
1. Click on "Programs" or "Programs and Features."
3. Find the Software:
1. Locate the software you want to uninstall in the list of installed programs.
4. Select Uninstall/Change:
1. Click on the software name, and then click "Uninstall" or "Change" at the top of
the window.
5. Uninstall the Software:
1. Click "Uninstall" or "Remove" to initiate the uninstallation process.
Creating a File/Folder
1. Click on the "Start" button in the bottom-left corner.
2. Select "Computer" or "Documents" to open File Explorer.
3. Go to the location where you want to create the new folder.
4. Right-click in the open space within the File Explorer window.
5. From the context menu, choose "New" and then select "Folder."
6. Enter a name for the new folder and press "Enter."
Renaming a file/Folder
1. Click on the "Start" button.
2. Select "Computer" or "Documents" to open File Explorer.
3. Go to the folder or location containing the folder or file you want to
rename.
4. Right-click on the folder or file.
5. From the context menu, choose "Rename."
6. Enter the new name and press "Enter."
Deleting a File/Folder
1. Click on the "Start" button.
2. Select "Computer" or "Documents" to open File Explorer.
3. Go to the folder or location containing the folder or file you want to
delete.
4. Right-click on the folder or file you want to delete.
5. From the context menu, select "Delete."
6. Confirm the deletion if prompted.
Copying a file
• Click on the "Start" button in the bottom-left corner.
• Select "Computer" or "Documents" to open File Explorer.
• Go to the folder where the file you want to copy is located.
• Click once on the file you want to copy to highlight it.
• Right-click on the highlighted file.
• From the context menu, choose "Copy."
• Go to the folder where you want to paste the copied file.
• Right-click in the open space within the destination folder.
• From the context menu, choose "Paste."
Saving a File
1. Open the application in which you are working on the file (e.g., Notepad,
Microsoft Word, etc.).
2. Create a new file or open an existing one that you want to save.
3. Click on the "File" menu at the top-left corner of the application window.
4. If it's a new file, select "Save" or "Save As" from the "File" menu.
5. If it's an existing file, you might only need to select "Save."
6. If you selected "Save As" or if it's a new file, a dialog box will appear.
7. Choose the location where you want to save the file (e.g., Desktop,
Documents, etc.).
8. Enter a name for the file in the "File name" field.
9. Click "Save“.
Sorting Files
1. Click on the "Start" button.
2. Select "Computer" or "Documents" to open File Explorer.
3. Go to the folder containing the files you want to sort.
4. In the File Explorer window, you will see various column headers
(Name, Date Modified, Type, etc.).
5. Click on the column header based on how you want to sort the files
(e.g., click on "Name" to sort by file name).
6. Click on the same column header again to make ascending and
descending order.
Searching Files
1. Click on the "Start" button.
2. Select "Computer" or "Documents" to open File Explorer.
3. In the upper-right corner of the File Explorer window, you'll find a
search box.
4. Enter the keyword or file name you want to search for.
5. As you type, Windows will start displaying results that match your
search criteria.
 Various accessory applications of Windows
• Windows operating systems come with a variety of built-in accessory applications that serve
various purposes.
• Here are some of the accessory applications commonly found in Windows:
➢Notepad:
• Purpose: A simple text editor for creating and editing text files.
• How to open: Press Win + R to open the Run dialog, type "notepad," and press Enter.
➢Paint:
• Purpose: A basic graphics editing program for creating and editing images.
• How to open: Press Win + R to open the Run dialog, type "mspaint," and press Enter.
➢Calculator:
• Purpose: A calculator application for performing basic and scientific calculations.
• How to open: Press Win + R to open the Run dialog, type "calc," and press Enter.
➢Windows Media Player:
• Purpose: Multimedia player for playing audio and video files.
• How to open: Search
➢Snipping Tool (or Snip & Sketch):
• Purpose: Allows users to capture screenshots or snips of the screen.
• How to Access Snipping Tool: Press Win + R to open the Run dialog, type "snippingtool," and press Enter.
Personalizing Desktop Screen:
1. Right-click on an empty area of your desktop to open a context
menu.
2. From the context menu, select "Personalize."
3. In the Personalization window, you can choose from available
themes. Click on a theme to apply it instantly.
4. Click on "Background" to choose a background image.
5. Click on "Colors" to customize the color of windows and the
taskbar.
6. Explore other customization options based on the theme you've
selected.
7. Click on the "Save changes" button to apply and save your
customization.
Changing Screen Resolution
• Go to Settings .
• Click on System.
• Inside System, Click on “Display”
• From the menu, select "Screen Resolution."
• In the Screen Resolution window, you'll see a dropdown menu under
"Resolution."
• Click the dropdown menu and choose the desired screen resolution.
The recommended resolution is usually marked.
• A dialog box will appear asking you to confirm the changes. If the new
resolution looks good, click "Keep Changes." Otherwise, click
"Revert" to go back to the previous settings.