CARDIOVASCUL

SYSTEM
HUMAN ANATO
LAB 2.
Dr Soheer Ismail
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM ( CVS )
• The circulatory system, also called cardiovascular system
vital organ system that delivers essential substances to al
for basic functions to occur.
• Its Components are
• a. Heart
• b. Blood
• c. Vessels which are either
• 1. Arteries
• 2. Veins
• 3. Capillaries
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
• The circulatory system is divided into two
• 1-- pulmonary circulation: The shorter pulmonary circuit
that exchanges blood between the heart and the lungs for
oxygenation
• 2--systemic circulation: the longer systemic circuit that
distributes blood throughout all other systems and tissue
of the body. Both of these circuits begin and end in the
heart.
PULMONARY CIRCULATION
• A Pulmonary circulation - superior and
inferior vena cava (with deoxygenated blood)
-> right atrium -> right ventricle -> right and
left pulmonary artery -> capillaries of each
lung (oxygenation of the blood) ->
pulmonary veins -> left atrium -> systemic
circulation
SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION
• A Systemic - left atrium -> left ventricle -> aorta
and all of its branches -> capillaries -> veins ->
superior and inferior vena cava -> pulmonary
circulation
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM FUNCTI
• A The main function of the circulatory (or
cardiovascular) system is to deliver oxygen to
the body tissues
• whilst simultaneously removing carbon
dioxide produced by metabolism.
• Also Transport of gases, nutrients,
electrolytes, wastes, hormones
THE HEART
• The heart is a muscular pump that is the
central component of the circulatory system
• It is divided into a right and left side by a
muscular septum.
• The muscular component of the heart,(
endocardium , myocardium , epicardium )
 HEART COVERING BY LAYERS
• The pericardium acts as mechanical
protection for the heart and big vessels,
and a lubrication to reduce friction
between the heart and the surrounding
structures
• What are the layers of the
pericardium?
• 1- fibrous pericardium outermost
• 2-serous pericardium innermost
• A-parital serous pericardium
• B-visceral serous pericardium
HEART CHAMBERS
• The heart consists of 4 chambers
• A Chambers -
• left and right atrium
• left and right ventricles
HEART VALVES
• 1-Tricuspid valve. Located between the right
atrium and the right ventricle.
• 2-pulmonary valve. Located between the
right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.
• 3-Mitral valve. Located between the left
atrium and the left ventricle.
• 4-Aortic valve. Located between the left
ventricle and the aorta.
THE ELECTRICITY OF HEART
• A Contraction of the cardiac muscle cells
is stimulated by electrical impulses that
are sporadically fired from the regulatory
centers of the heart: the sinuatrial node
in the roof of the right atrium, and the
atrioventricle node in the septum
between the atria and the ventricles. The
sinuatrial node is widely regarded as the
natural pacemaker of the heart.
THE HEART SYSTOLIC & DIASTO
• Diastole represents ventricular
filling, and systole represents
ventricular contraction/ejection
BLOOD VESSELS
•

• Composed of 3 basic layers (from

inner to outer )
• 1--endothelium
• 2-- muscular tissue
• 3--connective tissue
• *tunica intima , tunica media , tunica
adventitia , vaso vasourm )
TYPES OF ARTERIES & VEINS
• There are multiple types of arteries
according to the size ( large sized artery ,
medium sized artery , small sized artery ,
arterioles , )
• Capillary site to connect between artery
& veins
• Also there are multiple types of veins
according to sizes ( venule , small sized
vein , medium sized vein , large sized
vein )
BLOOD
• The blood is the mobile component of
the circulatory system
• Blood is bright red when oxygenated
and dark red/purple when
deoxygenated
• Blood component are ? ( plasma ,
erythrocytes ( RBC ) , leukocytes
(WBC) ,thrombocytes ( platelets))
THANK Y