IMPROPER WASTE DISPOSAL IN BARANGAY ROBERTO SALAS BENEDICTO

(RSB), LA CARLOTA CITY

A Case Study Presented to

The Faculty of La Carlota City College

College of Criminal Justice

La Carlota City

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the subject

Criminology Practicum 2 (On the job Training and Community Immersion)

Submitted By:

Villarin, Rosalinda L.
Barcelo, Kembirly R.
Dela Cruz, Jobelle L.
Loquin, Laneil M.
Pantojan, Benneth Dave C.
Pataytay, Jovy T.
Ricablanca, Mark Laurence E.
Salongcong, Jason D.
Sampong, Chyrle B.
Santisteban, Jake L.
Sarimong, Angelico T.
Trabucon, Jerlyn E.
Villanueva, Beverly D.
Villasis, John Paul D.
 IMPROPER WASTE DISPOSAL IN BARANGAY RSB, LA CARLOTA CITY

APPROVAL SHEET

This Case Study entitled “IMPROPER WASTE DISPOSAL IN BARANGAY

ROBERTO SALAS BENEDICTO (RSB), LA CARLOTA CITY” prepared and submitted
by Villarin, Rosalinda L., Barcelo, Kembirly R., Dela Cruz, Joebelle L., Loquin, Laneil M.,
Pantojan, Benneth Dave C., Pataytay, Jovy T., Ricablanca, Mark Laurence E., Salongcong, Jason
D., Sampong, Chyrle B., Santisteban, Jake L., Sarimong, Angelico T., Trabucon, Jerlyn E.,
Villanueva, Beverly D. and Villasis, John Paul D. in partial fulfillment of the requirements for
the Criminology Practicum 2 (On the Job Training and Community Immersion) has been
examined and is recommended for acceptance and approval for Bachelor of Science In
Criminology General Curriculum Program.

PANEL OF EXAMINERS

Chairman

Member Member

Criminology Practicum Coordinator

Program Head/Adviser

Date of Oral examinations

 Executive Summary

Title: Improper Waste Disposal in Barangay Roberto Salas Benedicto

(RSB) , La Carlota City

Researchers: Villarin, Rosalinda L.

Barcelo, Kembirly R.
Dela Cruz, Jobelle L.
Loquin, Laneil M.
Pantojan, Benneth Dave C.
Pataytay, Jovy T.
Ricablanca, Mark Laurence E.
Salongcong, Jason D.
Sampong, Chyrle B.
Santisteban, Jake L.
Sarimong, Angelico T.
Trabucon, Jerlyn E.
Villanueva, Beverly D.
Villasis, John Paul D.

Head Program: Bachelor of Science in Criminology Major General Curriculum

Institution: College of Criminal Justice

La Carlota City College
La Carlota City
 The study was conducted in the Barangay RSB La Carlota City. There are 10 residents of

Barangay RSB signified their attention to participate in the study and we're purposively selected

as a sample respondents. Using a descriptive survey method, (10) ten residents of Barangay RSB

were interviewed to get there views on the improper waste disposal in there brgy. Findings

revealed that in general, the improper waste disposal in brgy RSB "implemented" because of

these problems were defined as incinerating, throwing their garbage on the well and the lack of

garbage collection. These problems could harm not only the residents but also the environment

itself. The knowledge of the residents about their current situation is based on their own

experiences. Although they were able to give advice to people that might experience the same

situation by segregating their waste properly but since they don’t have enough funds to support

garbage truck collection they resulted to the incinerating of their garbage. That’s why one of the

goals of these study in barangay RSB is to help reduce the increasing level of improper waste

disposal of trash or garbage in the Barangay. To improve proper disposal the following should be

done: Recycling, proper garbage disposal, provide trash cans, project provides trash bins and

these will be labeled as Biodegradable, Non- Biodegradable, and Recyclable Materials. Aside

form that, compost pit will also be built so that the trash especially those biodegradable materials

will be thrown here.

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. INTRODUCTION

II. BODY

Issues/Problems on Improper Waste Disposal

Goals of the Study

Assumption

Data Analysis

Alternatives

Outcomes

III. RECOMMENDED PLANS/PROGRAMS

IV. CONCLUSIONS

V. REFERENCES
 Introduction

Improper waste disposal, also known as hazardous waste disposal, is the indiscriminate

disposal of waste materials in a manner that poses a risk to human health, the environment, and

the sustainability of nature. It is an increasing problem in many parts of the world today, leading

to pollution, degradation of natural resources, and climate change. The effects of improper waste

disposal are severe and have far-reaching consequences.

The Theory of Waste Management is a unified body of knowledge about waste and waste

management, and it is founded on the expectation that waste management is to prevent waste to

cause harm to human health and the environment and promote resource use optimization. Waste

management is affected by two main reasons which are waste disposal and waste segregation.

Without these two, we cannot properly manage or control the pile of waste in the community.

Waste disposal is affected by application of the self-sufficient principle and discipline. Waste

segregation is also affected by discipline and waste control. These two are affected by discipline

because without discipline the people cannot manage things successfully and properly.

The specific objective is to improve the orderliness and cleanliness of the community in

Barangay RSB. It aims to establish a compost pit to help solve the issue of uncollected waste,

promotes cooperation among the residents, teach them how to properly dispose of their waste,

and develop a soil condition that will help them sustain their agricultural and farm income.
BODY

Issues/Problems in Improper Waste Disposal

The related issued on the project is the worldwide problem in the pollution in air and

land. In where the problems in air pollution are burning of trashes that can results in releasing too

much greenhouse gases in the air that can easily destroy the layers of the atmosphere, second is

the problem in land pollution if we don’t have a healthy soil that can be used for planting plants

or trees due to the chemicals that already killed the fertility of the soil due to the harmful

chemicals that comes from the garbage’s the world will suffer from lacking of filtered soil. With

this two related issue that might happen in the community of Barangay RSB the people in the

community will suffer in term of their primary source of their income which is farming. Because

if atmosphere total broken the grains or plants the farmers are growing will die easily because of

too much concentration of heat from the plants. While in the lacking of live soil or fertile soil the

farmers in the community will have problems to grow their plants because there are no more

soils to be plant on due to harmful chemicals that killed the soil.

Problems

The objective of this study is to let the residents of Barangay RSB know how to properly

dispose their garbage. Some factors affect the residents’ way on garbage disposal, these factors

are lack of knowledge on proper waste disposal, lack of garbage trucks that may collect their

garbage and the residents were accustomed on incinerating their own garbage.

1. What problems are the barangay people now facing?

2. What techniques might the people use to get rid of their trash?

3. What are the factors that causes to these problems?

Goals

The main goals as the researcher of this study aims to inform the residents of Barangay

RSB about how to properly dispose of their garbage and to find alternative ways in eliminating

their waste to ensure that to maintain the cleanliness of their community. This study mainly

focuses on how the practices of the people in the community can deeply affect, not just our

nature but also their health. Our proposed project involves the use of a compost pit, which will

help to reduce the area's smoke pollution and carbon footprint. It's also aimed at ensuring that

garbage incineration stops.

Assumptions

One assumption of the causes of improper waste disposal in brgy. RSB La Carlota City is

a lack of awareness and education about proper waste disposal practices among the residents,

particularly regarding the negative impacts of improper waste management on both the

environment and public health. This could be further compounded by inadequate infrastructure

and resources for waste collection and disposal, insufficient waste management policies and

regulations, and poor enforcement of existing protocols, which could lead to negligent disposal

practices.
Data Analysis

This study is a process that focuses on people’s specific problems that they are currently

experiencing. Through these experiences, the researchers would provide an innovative and a

convenient solution to resolve or address the problem being targeted. The researchers gather data

by the means of survey, that served as a guide for conducting an interview, that was given to the

residents. The researchers approached the residents with respect and kindness. The researchers

are about to choose 10 houses and interview every resident that is living there. First, the

researchers started to tell them the purpose for conducting the interview. The Interview/Survey

Questions include their names, age, sex, occupation, marital status, source of income. It is

followed by questions about Barangay RSB residents about proper waste segregation and

disposal. This data that have been gathered contributes on the researchers on coming up of the

possible solutions to solve the problem. Data were treated using the statistical procedures for

Likert Scale, simple mathematics and statistical formulas. After answering the survey form,

students asked them if it's okay to take pictures with them because it is needed in the

documentation. Students ended the interview with the words of thanksgiving for the opportunity

to conduct an interview to them. The interview per house lasted for about 5-10 minutes.

The information gathered from the responses of the residents were recorded and primarily

transcribed. Most of the respondents were women with age ranging from 23 to 63 years old.

From the several interviews the researchers have conducted, the respondents provided the

evident and most observed problems in their barangays and the reason as to why those problems

exist and factors that might affect those problems.

Issues in the Barangay

Table 1. Open Codes for Questions 1

For this particular question, listed on the table are the statements mentioned below and

the corresponding open codes generated.

Statement Open Code

Hindi sapat ang pondo sa barangay Insufficient funds

Maraming Microfinance Insufficient funds

kulang sang mga suga ang kalsada Lack of street lights; Night is dangerous

Kulang ang basurahan Lack of proper waste disposal

Damo basura nga ga lapta bskan sa diin-diin Lack of proper waste disposal
lang
Para sakon damo gd problema dri sa barangay Lack of proper waste disposal
pero hindi gd ma sulbar ang kadamo sang
basura
Damo basura sa mga kalog Lack of proper waste disposal

Ang paghaboy sang hindi husto kay tungod Lack of proper waste disposal
kulang ang basurahan
Kis-a lang gapangulekta sang basura Lack of proper waste disposal

Gina haboy sa sapa or ginapaanod Throwing the garbage in the river

Respondents answered that “hindi sapat ang pondo sa barangay” which makes living in

RSB as money is greatly involved and greatly affects economics. “maraming microfinance” also

make the problem more difficult to solve as the barangay’s source of income is limited and small

compared to their expenses that build up over time.

Some respondents provided information that there is “kulang sang mga suga ang kalsada”

which alarms the residents especially at night as the roads may become unsafe and dangerous to
walk on. It is also dangerous for the motorists to drive at night as there are the visibility lowers at

night and makes it difficult to drive in especially without lights.

Most of the respondents answered that the biggest problem that their barangay is facing

right now is “para sakon damo gd problema dri sa barangay pero hindi gd ma sulbar ang kadamo

sang basura”, “damo basura nga ga lapta bskan sa diin-diin lang”, “damo basura sa mga kalog”

and “gina haboy sa sapa or ginapaanod” because “kis-a lang gapangulekta sang basura” and

“kulang ang basurahan”. Lack of proper waste disposal and absence of garbage trucks lead to

improper waste disposal which make the surrounding full of garbage and wastes.

Researchers analyzing the information provided by the respondents, it was found out that

there are different problems present and evident in the barangay but are all difficult to solve due

to insufficient funds - another problem observed in the barangay because of the lack of

livelihood programs. But, researchers also found out that it is most likely possible to resolve the

lack of proper waste disposal for Quigley (June 7, 2011), supported that even though there are no

funds involved, improper waste disposal can be controlled through composting. Insufficient

funds cannot affect improper waste disposal if done and maintained correctly for composting

only needs scrap materials and can save money and resources.
Ways of Waste Disposal

Table 2. Open Codes for Questions 2

For this particular question, listed on the table are the statements mentioned below and
the corresponding open codes generated.
Statement Open Code
Ayyy gina sunog ko akon basura Incineration
Nagco-compost ko sang akon mga basura sa Composting
likod balay namon
Syempre kabalo ko nga sala magsunog sang Incineration
basura pero ginasunog ko kis a tungod sang
kadamoon
Gina tingob ko sa sako ang akon basura Composting
Painon ang mga mapuslan kag ang hindi Incineration
mapuslan gina sunog ko
Gina lubong kuna lang akon mga basura Composting
Gina pain namon ang mga botelya kag plastic Recycling
bottle ina gina baligya namon
Gina pain ang ma dunot kag hindi madunot kag Recycling
ang mga plastic gina pa scraph namon
Maghaboy ako sang basura gina pain ko ang Recycling
inughaboy kag pwede ma baligya para biskan
papaano makakwarta gihapon sa basura
Gina sunog ko akon basura ky kadugay sang Incineration
mga collector

Based on the interview, there are different ways of how the respondents dispose their

wastes. The residents provided various ways of waste disposal in their barangay and their

knowledge about waste disposal.

Most of the respondents shared that they dispose their trashes by “painon ang mga

mapuslan kag ang hindi mapuslan gina sunog ko” and some respondents shared that “ayyy gina
sunog ko akon basura” and still do so even though they admit it themselves that “Syempre

kabalo ko nga sala magsunog sang basura pero ginasunog ko kis a tungod sang kadamoon” due

to different factors and situations present in their barangay like “gina sunog ko akon basura ky

kadugay sang mga collector”. This type of waste disposal is harmful to the environment because

of the carbon footprint produced by the incineration of trashes and burning produces particulate

matter that are solid compounds and are suspended in the air (Hayes, 2016).

Some respondents also recounted that they “ginatipon ko ang akon basura”, “gina tingob

ko sa sako ang akon mga basura” while “maghaboy ako sang basura gina pain ko ang inughaboy

kag pwede ma baligya para biskan papaano makakwarta gihapon sa basura”, “gina pain namon

ang mga botelya kag plastic bottle ina gina baligya namon” and “gina pain ang ma dunot kag

hindi madunot kag ang mga plastic gina pa scraph namon” which they use to earn money by

selling those trashes to a nearby junkshop. The respondents chose to dispose their wastes through

these ways due to “gina lubong kuna lang akon mga basura”and these respondents aspire to help

the save the environment and want to avoid contributing to the gases that cause global warming.

A respondent also shared that “nagco-compost ko sang akon mga basura sa likod balay namon”

which she proved that can be later used as fertilizer after months passed.
Factors that Causes Improper Waste Disposal

Table 3. Open Codes for Questions 3

For this particular question, listed on the table are the statements mentioned below and
the corresponding open codes generated.
Statement Open Code
Kay waay sang truck na manguha sang basura Absence of garbage truck
namon
Waay sang maayu budget ang barangay Insufficient funds
Kay biskan sa diin-diin lang ihaboy Lack of discipline
Para sakon amo ni ang una nga problema sa Lack of discipline
rason nga tamaran mga tawo mangita sang
basurahan
Ang pasgsunog sang basura ky daw wala Lack of awareness and knowledge
kabalo sa kung anu ang epekto
Kay my basurahan man tuod pero puro buta ky Absence of garbage truck
ka dugay mangolekta sang mga truck
Mahambal ko na amo ni ang una na problema Lack of discipline
kay biskan sa diin-diin nalang ihaboy ang
basura ganilapta
Kay waay ko sang mabutangan sang basura Lack of discipline
Wala sa masyadong nahatag na pondo ang Insufficient funds
barangay sa mga kinahanglan sa mga tawo

In the study of Mamady (March 8, 2016), improper waste disposal happens due to the

community residents who had poor knowledge and unsafe behavior in relation to waste

management. The answers of the respondents about the reasons and factors that causes improper

waste disposal mainly focused on four themes: insufficient funds, absence of garbage trucks,

lack of awareness and knowledge, and lack of discipline.

 Insufficient funds caused by “wala sa masyadong nahatag na pondo ang barangay sa mga

kinahanglan sa mga tawo” and “waay sang maayu budget ang barangay” is the most affecting

factor as to why the barangay is having difficulty to create and implement projects that will solve

the issues in the barangay. Poor cash flow management is the most significant factor that leads to

a project's delay followed by late payment, insufficient financial resources and financial market

instability (Hamzah, Roshana, & Wong, August, 2009).

Some of the respondents provided that “kay waay sang truck na manguha sang basura

namon” and “kay my basurahan man tuod pero puro buta ky ka dugay mangolekta sang mga

truck” and is the reason why they cannot properly dispose and manage their wastes. According to

Brasch (2017) in a study in Cobb County, a mountain of garbage in the area is growing because

there aren’t enough garbage trucks to haul trash to landfills and there were no alternative ways

introduced to the residents of the area. Absence of garbage trucks should be immediately

resolved or given an alternative to avoid garbage dump in an area and prevent incineration as a

way of waste disposal which is harmful to the environment in other places like barangay RSB.

Additionally, lack of discipline and knowledge about waste disposal and management

greatly affects the respondents’ view of the importance of practicing waste disposal and

management. From a case study on the “Knowledge, Attitudes, Awareness Status and Behaviour

Concerning Solid Waste Management” (Desa, Kadir & Yusoof, 2010), explained that the lack of

awareness and knowledge among Malaysian community about solid waste management (SWM)

issues, and being ignorant about the effect of that improper SWM has definitely worsened the

problem. People should be aware, disciplined, and knowledgeable about the problems existing

within their area to be able to formulate a solution or alternative regarding their problem and to

prevent the situation from getting worse.

 Learning the possible reasons and factors of why the problems exist is significant to

formulate a solution or alternative to their problem. Identifying genuine solutions to a problem

means knowing what the real causes of the problem are. Taking action without identifying what

factors contribute to the problem can result in misdirected efforts, and that wastes time and

resources. However, by thoroughly studying the cause of the problem, you can build ownership,

that is, by experiencing the problem you will understand it better, and be motivated to deal with

it (Lopez, 2018)

Possible Solutions of the Problem

According to the residents of brgy. RSB, one of the most evident problems that are

happening in the barangay is the improper waste disposal of the residents. They feel obligated to

incinerate their waste and this is causing air pollution that increases the barangay carbon

footprint. The project ‘composting’ is to help the residents of brgy. RSB to properly dispose

waste and to stop their current way of waste disposal. The project is a big help to restore or

replace worn-out or contaminated soils for gardens. Also, the amount of waste that needs to be

disposed of can be decreased with the help of composting. Composting is better than burning

waste since it benefits the soil and makes it rich and productive.

Composting can affect brgy. RSB for a long time in terms of environmental and

economic. In environmental, composting can improve the soil's nutrient content, which will help

their agriculture. Composting can improve the economic performance of their agricultural, which

is their main source of income. In terms of culture, it can change their accustomed way of waste

removal which is the incinerating of the waste which can damage the ozone layer to composting

that is low-cost way of waste segregation and can also provide nutrients to the soil.
 One of the possible solutions is recycling. Wastes like bottles, papers and plastic are often

recycled rather than throwing it in corners of the road. It’ll help to convert the waste materials

into products which may be reused of anyone living within the barangay example may be a

plastic bottle which they will use as a pot for the plants within the barangay. Another one has a

compost pit in their own backyard. Residents can throw all their organic waste within the

compost pit which they will also use as a fertilizer after expecting a several time of

decomposing. Just like what other residents said, they’re burning all their waste in their backyard

rather than throwing it anywhere.

Residents can also separate biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste; it is important to

separate the two. Biodegradable can use as fertilizers while the non-biodegradable can be

recycled and can be used again. In short the most effective solutions of the problem are applying

the 3Rs: Reduce, Reuse and Recycle. Proper knowledge is important in every resident for them

to apply and to contribute properly in solving their waste disposal problem. This is why the

researchers planned on putting three trash bins near the compost pit that separate plastic, glass

bottles and cans.

The project’s nature is that it is an ‘Environmental Prototype’. The project is a compost

pit that can enrich the fertility of the soil and will help the resident’s source of living which is the

agriculture. This type of waste segregation is low cost and eco-friendly since it only uses land

space and it doesn’t need fire and other harmful substance that can affect the environment.

Composting is very simple to maintain, besides the group will provide a cover to avoid excessive

water caused by rain, the group will also provide fence to avoid accidents that can harm

especially children and animals as well as trash bin for the non-biodegradable waste like paper,

bottles, and cans. A seminar will be conducted to educate the locals on the best practices for
using the compost pit and how to maintain its effectiveness for a longer period of time. The

group will also supply a shredder since grind waste decomposes more quickly than regular waste

that will be thrown in the compost pit. Once the project was completed an evaluator will evaluate

and provide status.

This project will require shovel, organic materials, masonry lining and fertilizer as said

on the group’s reference but in this case, the group chose not to spend too much money so they

replaced masonry lining with bamboo sticks and cover. Instead of using shovel since this is a

large project the group have decided that they should hire some workers, hopefully with

equipment, to dig up. For the shredder, we will need electric string trimmer, plywood, hardware

cloth and deck screws. In addition to this project, the group will device* a cover with a

detachable mixer to reduce the diffusion of the pit’s odor, this is also for the convenience for

those who will mix the pit’s contents regularly.

There are three main processes in accomplishing our project. First, the residents must put

their biodegradable wastes in the shredder to help speed up the decomposition process for

composting while the non-biodegradable will be placed in the provided trash cans beside the

compost pit. Next, the biodegradable wastes will be dumped in the compost pit. Lastly, the

compost pit should be covered up and will be mixed up for maintenance.

Alternatives
Outcomes

This study were conducted to 10 households via face-to-face interview of every

household members about improper waste disposals and related discipline. Generally, most of

the respondents women with age ranging from twenty-three (23) to sixty-three (63) years old.

The interview includes the respondents demographic profile with their permission considering

their confidentiality together with the main objectives of the study about the waste disposals and

activities. From the 10 minutes interview of those chosen household the result sum up into 3

major findings: First, most of the problems existed was the lack of funds to support proper waste

disposals. Secondly, an increasing number of disposable garbage's it resulted to uncontrollable

litter and improper waste disposal discipline of the community. Lastly, interviews allegedly

revealed that people are throwing garbage into the river. Thus, from this data gathering this

revealed a poor waste disposals were currently a concern to the said Barangay.

Recommended Plans/Programs

1. The researchers advise the barangay residents to attend the seminar that the group will be

holding to further discuss how to operate the shredder and compost pit.

2. Absence of proper waste management is present in the barangay consistently burns of

waste. The shredder with compost pit that the researchers created can lessen the

community's carbon footprint and increase cleanliness.

3. Compost is one of the crucial organic amendments because it will be used for the soil's and

the environment's sustainability. The study focused on the particular advantages and long-

term effects of composting.

Conlusion

1. There are many community problems of the residents in brgy. RSB an illustration of this is

the insufficient funds of the barangay which makes living in brgy. RSB is difficult as money

is greatly involved and greatly affects economics. The problem is made more challenging to

tackle by the lack of livelihood opportunities and microfinance because the barangay's

source of income is small and constrained in comparison to its accumulating expenses.

Residents are alarmed by the lack of street lights, especially at night when it may make the

roadways dangerous to walk on.

2. The different methods used by the residents in disposing their wastes are incinerating their

garbage, segregate it into different categories, This is happening because no one who

will collect all their garbage's or no collection of garbage.

3. The improper waste management of the barangay is the main factor that cause the problem.

The issue might be decreased if the local populace knows how to manage their environment,

dispose of their garbage in a responsible way, and make properly use of these wastes. If the

barangay's drainage system is to blame for the repeated floods of rubbish, then the problem

is more likely to be with their improper waste management. Improper waste management

can result in a number of issues with the economy and health.

References

E. Pongrácz, P. S. Phillips, and R. L. (2004). Keiski’s Theory on Waste

Management

Quigley (June 7, 2011)

Hayes, 2016

Mamady (March 8, 2016),

(Hamzah, Roshana, & Wong, August, 2009).

Brasch (2017)

(Desa, Kadir & Yusoof, 2010),

(Lopez, 2018)