Basic Response

Procedures and Fire:

The Key Concepts,
Principles, Elements
Module 3
Basic Response Procedures and Fire Emergency and
Evacuation Plan
Fire Incidents in Region X
• Region 10 recorded 4028 fire incidents from year 2012 to 2016.
Most fire incidents that occur in family homes are mainly caused by
electrical short circuits and links. Twenty-three percent of fire
incidents were of this nature in the first quarter of 2013. In 2012, 98
domestic fire accidents were also caused by LPG explosions due to
poorly maintained tanks and hoses.
• Moreover, unattended cooking is among the most frequent caused
of fire. It climbed up to 533 fires in 2012 destroying hard earned
investments. Additionally, lighted cigarette butts caused 271 fire
incidents in the first quarter of 2013.
Basic Response Procedures and Fire Emergency and
Evacuation Plan
Fire Incidents in Region X
• In 2012, open flames due to unattended torch (gasera) and
lighted candles caused 455 fire accidents destroying
several homes all over the country. Lighted matches and
lighters consumed several homes resulting to 124 fire
incidents in the first quarter of 2013.
• Such incidents may cause great disaster and even
catastrophic. The main objective once this fire may occur is
to save lives.
Basic Response Procedures and Fire Emergency and
Evacuation Plan
Here are the following response procedures to
mitigate great losses of property and protect
people’s lives.
1.Make sure everyone in your household knows where
and how to evacuate.
2.Always take part in the fire drills.
3.Plan more than one way to exit from your location.
4.Never leave fire unattended.
Basic Response Procedures and Fire Emergency and
Evacuation Plan
Make sure all fire tools are easy to access.
If you are advised by authorized agency/individual to
evacuate, leave immediately.
If you are not trained and equipped to fight a fire, do not
risk your life.
When there is a fire, before opening a door
• Check to see if there is heat or smoke coming through cracks
around the door. If yes, do not open!
• Touch the door and doorknob. If it is hot, do not open!
• If the door is cool, open carefully and follow the escape
route.
Basic Response Procedures and Fire Emergency and
Evacuation Plan
9. Keep close to the ground – there is less smoke there.
10. Even if you’re scared, never hide from firefighters – they are
there to help you!
11. Regularly check that your fire alarm is working.
12. If your clothes catch fire, stop, drop to the ground, cover your
face with your hands, and roll.
In addition, an emergency exit plan is highly recommended for a
family dwelling. Be sure that your kids know and understand the
exit route and the meeting place outside your house. An exit drill
is also a fun way of getting your children involved.
Basic Response Procedures and Fire Emergency and
Evacuation Plan
Evacuation plan is a diagram showing the safest
emergency exit routes of home or building.
The ability to exit your home or building in the event of
emergency depends on the advance warning or alarms
and advance planning.
Basic Response Procedures and Fire Emergency and
Evacuation Plan
 ACTIVITY
Individual: Make a Home
Evacuation Plan for your own home.
Draw it using a Bond Paper. Make
sure to indicate the primary exit and
secondary exit and if there is a fire
extinguisher at home, indicate
where it is located.
 Lesson 2:
The Key Concepts, Principles, Elements
and the Importance of DRR
DRR means Disaster Risk Reduction.

It is about supporting local civil society, communities,

households and individuals to become less vulnerable and
strengthen their capacity to anticipate, resist, cope with and
recover from natural hazards. An over- emphasis on disaster and
humanitarian relief has made way for the contemporary terms
such as disaster reduction and disaster risk management.
DRR aims to
reduce the
effects of
hazards and
the
vulnerabilities
of a
community to
safeguard the
level of
development
achieved.
Key concepts of DRR
A. GOVERNANCE • making disaster risk reduction a
priority (e.g. integrating disaster risk
reduction into development
policies, and planning);
• Ensures that disaster risk reduction
is a national and local priority. In
support of Hyogo Framework for
Action (HFA), countries are urged to
develop policies, laws, and
organizational arrangements, plans,
programs, projects to integrate risk
reduction and allocate funds and
resources to support the program.
Key concepts of DRR
B. RISK ASSESSMENT • improving risk Information and early
warning (e.g. developing effective early
AND TAKING ACTION warning systems which are
appropriately adapted to the unique
circumstances of the people at risk);
• Identifies, assesses and monitors
disaster risks and enhances early
warning mechanisms. Early warning is
to relay to individuals, groups or
community the messages which provide
information such as the upcoming
natural phenomenon, existence of
danger, preventive measures, and
mechanisms to save lives and property.
Key concepts of DRR
C. KNOWLEDGE • building culture of safety and resilience (e.g.
MANAGEMENT BY BUILDING including DRR subject matter in formal,
non-formal, and informal education, and
UNDERSTANDING AND training activities);
AWARENESS • Uses knowledge, innovation and education
to build a culture of safety and resiliency at
all levels. It works on the principle that
knowledge is important for disaster
reduction. Strategies includes provision of
relevant information on disaster risks
means of protection, strengthening
networks and promoting dialogue and
cooperation among disaster experts and
stakeholders, conducting capability training
for teachers, community members, parents
and children.
Key concepts of DRR
• reducing the risks in key sectors (e.g.
D. RISK REDUCTION protecting precious ecosystems such as
coral reefs and mangrove forests,
allowing these to act as natural storm
barriers).
• Reduces the underlying risk factors by
building local resilience in order to
protect school communities. These
activities include relocating communities
away from hazard-prone areas, building
school facilities strong to withstand
impacts of hazards, encouraging
reforestation and protection of wetlands,
implementation of RA 8749, RA 9003, PD
1185, PD 856, PD 1096, Brigada Eskwela
and etc.
Key concepts of DRR
E. DISASTER
PREPAREDNESS
• strengthening
preparedness for
response (e.g.
development and regular
testing of contingency
plans and regular disaster
preparedness exercises
including evacuation drills
which are also keys to
ensuring rapid and
effective disaster
response).
 Key Principles of Disaster Risk Management
Principles Elements
PRE – EVENT
Mitigation - measures taken in advance of a hazard that aimed of reducing
its impact on society and environment.
a. Hazard / Risk Identification develop, update and disseminate hazard maps and
Assessment related information to decision makers, general
public and communicate at risks
b. Enforcement of zoning land-use and building, fire codes
c. Integrating / Mainstreaming Disaster incorporate in infrastructure construction,
Risk Management curriculum development in education, provision of
funds
d. Developing Early Warning Systems risk assessment and mapping, put –up early
warning devices, , communication dissemination,
and establishing response capability
 Key Principles of Disaster Risk Management
Principles Elements
PRE – EVENT
Preparedness – measures undertaken to prepare people to react
appropriately during an following such emergencies
a. Planning make disaster management plans, contingency
plans, establish Incident Command System (ICS),
tap for mutual aid arrangements
b. Advocacy dissemination of information through mass media,
conduct DRR for a and symposia, and observance of disaster
consciousness month, etc.
c. Education and Training deputize coordinators, conduct drills and exercises,
conduct community trainings, tap accredited Civilian Disaster
Volunteers (SCDV)
d. Resources provide or tap manpower, materials, methods,
machinery and money
 Key Principles of Disaster Risk Management
Principles Elements
POST – EVENT
Response – measures undertaken immediately following an emergency
aimed to save lives and protecting properties
a. Early warning provide timely and rapid dissemination of warnings
to threatened communities or population

b. The “Golden Hour act according to “the within which most lives could
Principle” be saved and injuries could be minimized”

c. Incidence Command put-up on-scene management of disaster operation

System activities
 Key Principles of Disaster Risk Management
Principles Elements
POST – EVENT
Rehabilitation - measures undertaken to restore affected communities to
proper or normal level of functioning to reduce vulnerability and increased
sustainability
a. Short term -restore necessary lifeline systems like power, water
and communication, sewage, transportation and
etc.
- provision of food, shelter and clothing
- monitoring law and order
b. Long term restoring economic activity and development,
rebuilding communities, facilities, and
reconstruction to minimize future hazard impacts