A262: Standard Practices for Detecting susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steel

SR.NO. TEST PRACTICE - A PRACTICE - B PRACTICE - C PRACTICE - E PRACTICE - F

1 DESCRIPTION Oxalic Acid etch test for classification Test for detecting susptibility to Intergranular Attack in Test for detecting susptibility to Intergranular Attack in Test for detecting susptibility to Intergranular Attack in Test for detecting susptibility to Intergranular Attack in
of etch structure of Austenitic S.S. Austenitic Stainless Steel Austenitic Stainless Steel Austenitic Stainless Steel Cast Austenitic Stainless Steel

2 SOLUTION Oxalic Acid (10%) Ferric Sulfate-Sulfuric Acid (50%) Nitric Acid (65%) Copper-Copper Sulfate (6%)-Sulfuric Acid (16%) Copper-Copper Sulfate-Sulfuric Acid (50%)

3 DURATION 1.5 min. 120 Hrs. 240 Hrs. 15 Hrs. 120 Hrs.

4 EVALUATION By etching of specimen By Weight - Loss in Specimen By Weight - Loss in Specimen Visual Examination of bend specimen (5X to 20X) By Weight - Loss in Specimen

5 SCOPE 1.For acceptance of material, not for
rejection.
2.For Classification of etch structures
3.May be used in connection with
practices B, C, E & F
1.Susceptible to only IGC, not for other forms
like general corrosion, pitting, or SCC.
2.Test should be done seperately for nonacceptable
structures (as bellow in structures)
3.for acceptable structures form Practice A, they are
acceptable without testing.
1.Susceptible to only IGC, not for other forms
like general corrosion, pitting, or SCC.
2.Test should be done seperately for nonacceptable
structures (as bellow in structures)
3.for acceptable structures form Practice A, they are
acceptable without testing.
4.not for extra low-'C',Mo-bearing grades unless
material is to be used in nitric acid service.
1.Susceptible to only IGC, not for other forms
like general corrosion, pitting, or SCC.
2.Test should be done seperately for nonacceptable
structures (as bellow in structures)
3.for acceptable structures form Practice A, they are
acceptable without testing.
1.Susceptible to only IGC, not for other forms
like general corrosion, pitting, or SCC.
2.Test should be done seperately for nonacceptable
structures (as bellow in structures)
3.for acceptable structures form Practice A, they are
acceptable without testing.

6 MATERIALS ALL GRADES AISI: 304,304L,316,316L,317,317L AISI: 304,304L AISI: 201,202,301,304,304L,316,316L ACI: CF3M,CF8M
ACI: CF3,CF8,CF3M,CF8M ACI: CF3,CF8 316H, 317,317L,321,348

7 PRODUCTS wrought, cast, weld metal wrought, cast, weld metal wrought, cast, weld metal wrought, weld metal cast

8 CORROSIONS:
i) Cromium Carbide Precipitation (IGC) ü ü(304,304L,316,316L,317,317L,CF3,CF8) ü(304,304L,CF3,CF8) ü(ALL ABOVE) ü(CF3M, CF8M)
ii) End Grain Corrosion ü X ü(ALL GRADES) X X
iii) Sigma Phase -for wrought steel ü X ü(316,316L,317,317L,321,347,CF3M,CF8M) X X
iv) Sigma Phase -for stabilized steel ü ü(321,CF3M,CF8M) ü(316,316L,317,317L,321,347,CF3M,CF8M) X X

9 STRUCTURES
(250X to 500X - wrought steels)
(about 250X - cast steel)
Step (500X), Dual (250X), Ditch (500X)
Isolated Ferrite Pools (250X)
Interdendritic Ditches (250X)
End Grain Pitting I (500X)
End Grain Pitting II (500X)
AISI:
Acceptable - Step,Dual, End grain I&II
Nonacceptable - Ditch
ACI:
Acceptable - Step,Dual, Isolated Ferrite pools
Nonacceptable - Ditch, Intermediate Ditches
AISI: AISI: ACI:
Acceptable - Step,Dual, End grain I Acceptable - Step,Dual, End grain I & II Acceptable - Step,Dual, Isolated Ferrite pools
Nonacceptable - Ditch, End grain II Nonacceptable - Ditch, Nonacceptable - Ditch, Intermediate Ditches
ACI:
Acceptable - Step,Dual, Isolated Ferrite pools
Nonacceptable - Ditch, Intermediate Ditches

10 Sensitizing Heat Treatment (NOTE-1) ü ü ü ü ….

NOTE:
1 Sensitizing heat treatment is done before the test for extra low carbon and stebilised grades (such as 304L, 316L, 317L, 321, 347)
It is to check the effectiveness of stabilised and 0.03% max carbon content matrials in resting carbide precipitation, hence intergranular attack.
The most commonly used sensitizing heat treatment is for 1 hr. at 675 deg.C (1250 deg.F)

AISI American Iron & Steel Institute for austenitic stainless steel designations
ACI Alloy Casting Institute designations