BUSINESS ANALYTICS LAB

(MS-265)

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award

of the degree of

Master of Business Administration (MBA)

To

Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi

Submitted by:
Guide Name: Dr. Mamta Gupta Student Name: Shreya
Roll No.: 05114903922

Maharaja Surajmal Institute

Department of Management

New Delhi -110058

Batch 2022-24

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 INDEX

S No Topic Page no.

1 LAB 1 EXCEL Functions 3

2 LAB 2 Case Study-Inventory Tracking 4

3 LAB 3 Case Study-Data Exploration 9

Case-1
Case-2

4 LAB 4 Pivot Tables 14

Scatter Charts
Trendlines
Sparklines
5 LAB 5 Case Study-Pivot Table and Cross Tabulation 16
Case Study -Correlation and Regression

6 LAB 6 Simple and Multiple Regression 22

7 LAB 7 Data Validation and Name Range 27

8 LAB 8 Identification of Outliers 28

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Q1 EXCEL FUNCTIONS
Ans

Interpretation
 The Min and max for the following data set according to the Question is $15.08 and
$247.14. There Syntax is MIN(F2:F472) and MAX(F2:F472)
 The Sum and average for the Following data set is $18,333,84 and $39.99
Respectively. There Syntax are SUM(F2:F472) and AVERAGE(F2:F472)
respectively.
 Count, Count If and Sum if for the Following data set is 471,418, 8380.74
respectively. There Syntax are COUNT(F2:F472) , COUNTIF(F2:F472,"<$100") and
SUMIF(F2:F472,"<$100").
 The Sum Ifs , VLookup And Index of the Given Data Set is 4913, 69868417,
49073721. There Syntax are SUMIFS(F2:F473,C2:C473,"Paypal",E2:E473,"Web")
, VLOOKUP(10020,A2:H472,4,0), and INDEX(A2:H472,10,4) Respectively

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Q2 - INVENTORY TRACKING

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Ans 1

Interpretation
 The Above Case study demands the most profitable items having a 75 percent aur
more markup are 4 products which are Sandwich spread, Tamarind dip, Bread
and tomatoes(1kg).There Syntax of the markup is Gross Profit/Unit Cost*100

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Interpretation
 The above Case Study demands the ones which are less than 15% are 5 Products
which are wheat flour (5 kg Pack), tea, Body lotion , Butter, Jam. The Syntax here
is Gross Profit/Unit Cost*100

Ans 2

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Interpretation
 The Maximum Annual Sales of the Given Case Study is 165000 and the
Minimum annual Sales is 625. The Syntax of the Maximum And Minimum Sales
is MAX(K3:K32) And =MIN(K3:K32) Respectively.

Ans 3

Interpretation
 The above case study demands the bar chart the inventory carrying cost for top
10 selling items and top selling item is 165000

Ans 4

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Interpretation
 Since gross margin accounts for direct costs such as cost of goods sold (COGS), it is
typically thought to be a more accurate measure of core profitability when
determining profitability. Compared to markup, it provides a more accurate image
of the true profit made during the production of goods or services, making it a more
trustworthy indicator.

Ans5

Interpretation
 There are no such items where gross % margin is more than markup % as
inferred by the difference between the two in the above graph.

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Q3 - DATA EXPLORATION

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Ans1

Interpretation
 Here we have compared buying with overall acceptability by customers. The
Grand total is 1728 and accordingly the pie chart and bar chart has been Prepared.

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Interpretation
 Here we have compared maintenance with acceptability by customers. The
Grand total is 1728 and accordingly the pie chart and the bar chart has been
prepared.

Interpretation
 Here we have compared number of doors with acceptability by customers. The
Grand total is 1728 and accordingly the pie chart and the bar chart has been
prepared.

Interpretation
 Here we have compared number of persons with acceptability by customers. The
Grand total is 1728 and accordingly the pie chart and the bar chart has been
prepared.

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12
Interpretation
 Here we have compared lug boot (size) with acceptability by customers. The Grand
total is 1728 and accordingly the pie chart and the bar chart has been prepared.

Interpretation
 Here we have compared Safety features of car with acceptability by customers. The
Grand total is 1728 and accordingly the pie chart and the bar chart has been
prepared.
3.2

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Ans

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Interpretation
 Firstly, we have compared specialization with salary, and then we have compared
gender with salary, and then we have compared batch with salary and the
Descriptive Analysis of salary is being formed with the help of the data given above.

Q4 PIVOT TABLES

Ans

a) Which major has the greatest number of graduates?

Ans- From the above table we have conclude that the highest number of graduates
are from accounting, which are 28

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 b) Which major has the highest average starting monthly salary?

Ans- From the above table we have conclude that the highest average starting monthly
salary will be 4020

c) Use the pivot table to determine the major of the student with the highest overall
starting monthly salary? What is the major of the student with the lowest
overall starting monthly salary?

Ans- Accounting major has highest overall starting monthly

salary. Management major has lowest overall starting
monthly salary.

Scatter Diagram

Interpretation
 Both X and Y has a downward shift in the Scatter Diagram from the Observations.

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Interpretation
 There is a Consistent Growth shown from Allen and Davis
 In the Sparklines Table Red Shows the lowest Values and green color shows
the Highest Values and all the colors range between highest and lowest.
 The Increasing growth is shown by Blue sky Media and the Decreasing growth
is shown by innovate technologies and smith ventures.

Q5 Pivot tables and cross-tabulation

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Ans

Interpretation
 The total revenue has been calculated of all the total revenue given in the target of
100 units with the help of units sold*units price

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Interpretation
a) Total revenue per items which are Blinder, Desk , Pen, pen set, pencil
are 9577.65,1700, 2045.22, 4169.87, 2135.14 respectively
b) Total revenue of representatives per region, which are central, west and east
are 11139.07, 2486.72 and 6002.09 respectively.
c) Total revenue by representatives by region for each representatives is 19627.88

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Interpretation
 Here is the Bar chart for the above cross tabulation and the results obtained above.

Ans 3 The star sales representative of the month if calculated by the total revenue streams by
selling the product is Rajiv who has sell and generated most revenue for the company.

Correlation and Regression

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Ans

Interpretation
 At first, Satisfaction shows a positive correlation with respect to
quality (0.588775416) and staff (0.584821055).
 Then, Time to fill shows a negative correlation with respect to satisfaction
(- 0.718933776) and quality (-0.440974146).
 Time to bill shows a moderate negative correlation with respect to
satisfaction (-0.365578934) and quality (-0.216777769).
 Cleanliness shows a moderate positive correlation with satisfaction
(0.409897371) and staff (0.396701011).

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Interpretation
o Here, as the question demands, we have taken satisfaction as dependent variable
and rest all as independent variable. Quality and staff both of the significant
variables drives customer satisfaction.

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Interpretation
o Yes, this regression model is a good model. We have define this model from
the residual values ranking from 1 to 0 and whenever the residual value

Q6 Simple and Multiple Regression

Ans

Interpretation
o According to the scatter diagram, which we have created according to the
data available, both variables i.e. line speed and no. of defective parts, are
showing downward trend.

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 Interpretation
 According to the data given in the above case, the regression model shows the 73.9%
is the variability extracted from independent variable(line speed) impact on
dependent variable(no. of defectives).

 To find the estimated regression equation, we will perform linear regression

analysis. The equation will be of the form: Defective Parts=B0+B1×Line Speed +ε

Regression Parameter Tests:

You'll conduct hypothesis tests for B0and B1 to check if they are significantly different from zero. The hypoth

 H0:B0=0(Intercept is zero) (Slope is zero)

 H0:B1=0

Interpretation of Regression Parameters:

If the p-values for B0and B1 are less than 0.01, you would reject the null hypotheses. Interpret the results in th

 According to the test the Bo and B1 are equal to the 1and the interpretations
are reasonable.

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Interpretation
 Regression statistics – It is showing 73.9% is the variability extracted from
independent variable (line speed) impact on dependent variable(no. of
defectives).
 ANOVA table – It tells model fitting, we check sig F & if sig F is less than 0.05
then the model is good fit.
 Regression equation- y=22.17-0.147x & parameters are significant
at 95%confidence level.

Q6(B)

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 Interpretation

 There is a statistically significant positive relationship between television

advertising and weekly gross revenue (p-value < 0.05).
 For every $1 increase in television advertising, we can expect an increase of $30.42
in weekly gross revenue, on average.

B. Variation explained by the model:

 The model explains 91.3% of the variation in the sample values of weekly
gross revenue

C. Estimated regression equation with both television advertising and

newspaper advertising as the independent variables:

Overall significance test:

 The overall regression is statistically significant (p-value < 0.05).

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 Individual parameter tests:

 Television advertising: p-value = 0.015 < 0.05, so the coefficient is statistically significant.
 Newspaper advertising: p-value = 0.003 < 0.05, so the coefficient is statistically significant.

Interpretations:

 There is a statistically significant positive relationship between television advertising

and weekly gross revenue, holding newspaper advertising constant.
 For every $1 increase in television advertising, we can expect an increase of $13.27
in weekly gross revenue, on average, holding newspaper advertising constant.
 There is a statistically significant positive relationship between newspaper advertising
and weekly gross revenue, holding television advertising constant.
 For every $1 increase in newspaper advertising, we can expect an increase of $19.60
in weekly gross revenue, on average, holding television advertising constant.

Reasonableness of interpretations:

 The positive relationships between advertising and revenue are reasonable, as advertising
is intended to increase sales and revenue.
 The magnitudes of the coefficients seem reasonable, given the data.

D.Variation explained by the model:

R-squared: 0.982

 The model explains 98.2% of the variation in the sample values of weekly gross revenue

Next steps:

 Based on the higher R-squared value, model c seems to be a better fit for the data.
 We could consider adding additional independent variables to the model to further
improve its explanatory power.
 We could collect more data to improve the reliability of the results.

E. Managerial implications:

 Both television advertising and newspaper advertising are effective in increasing

weekly gross revenue.
 The company can optimize its advertising budget by allocating resources between
television and newspaper advertising based on the estimated coefficients.

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 The company can use the estimated regression equations to forecast weekly gross
revenue based on different levels of advertising expenditures.

Q7 Data Validation

Ans.

Steps required for providing the data Validation are:-

 At First, we have to Select the table of data set
 Then we have to go to Name Manager from the Formulas tab -create from selection
 Dialog box will appear and select only top row i.e. date, month, year, region,
item, quantity sold, price, unit, amount and so on.
 Now, name range will be created of top row

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  Now, we have to Create 2 column of month and Quantity sold.
 Now use Data Validation Tool -from dropdown box select list
 And write in source -year, region
 After Data Validation create a graph to represent the

data Q8 Identification of Outliers

Ans

Z scores:

1. Calculate the mean and standard deviation of the data.

2. For each data point, calculate the Z score by subtracting the mean and dividing by
the standard deviation.

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3. Identify any data points with a Z score greater than 3 or less than -3. These data points
are considered outliers.

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Interpretation
 The Z score of square feet is taken out with the help of mean and standard Deviation,
with the standard Deviation of 249.731 according to which outliers will be
identified.

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Interpretation
 The Z score of market value is taken out with the help of mean and standard
Deviation, with the standard Deviation of 13151.66according to which outliers
will be identified

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