A Level Mathematics for OCR Student Book 1

Worked solutions
Practice paper 1
1 You are asked for the exact value, so need to show the definite integral and how you
substitute the limits.
3 3 ⎛ 4⎞ ⎛ 4⎞ 4
∫ 2
2 − 4 x −2dx = ⎡⎣2 x + 4 x −1 ⎤⎦ = ⎜ 6 + ⎟ − ⎜ 4 + ⎟ =
2
⎝ 3⎠ ⎝ 2⎠ 3

[4 marks]
2 You need to get the log terms on one side in order to combine them. Then use log rules:
log(a) − log(b) = log(a − b) and log3 ( a ) = p ⇔ a = 3 p .

⎛ 2x +1 ⎞
( ) ( )
log 3 2x +1 − log 3 x − 2 = 2 ⇒ log 3 ⎜
⎝ x−2 ⎠
⎟=2

2x + 1 2 19
⇒ = 3 = 9 ⇒ 2x +1 = 9x −18 ⇒ x =
x−2 7
You should check that this solution works: 2x + 1 and x − 2 both need to be positive,
which they are.
[5 marks]
!!!!" !!!"
3 a If MNQP is a parallelogram, then MN = PQ (draw a diagram and be careful about
the direction of the vectors!). So:
n −m = q −p

( ) (
⇒ q = p + n - m = j – 5i + 2j− 6i – 3j = −11i + 6j )
[3 marks]
b First find v in component form, then find its magnitude.

( ) ( ) ( ) (
v = n − m + p − m = −6i + 5j + −11i + 4j = −17i + 9j )
Hence v = 172 + 92 = 370 .

[5 marks]

Tip
If you draw a diagram from the parallelogram from question 3a, you can see that
!!!!" !!!" !!!!"
MN + MP equals MQ , so you can find v more quickly as v = q − m.)

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 A Level Mathematics for OCR Student Book 1

f ( x + h) − f ( x)
4 Let f(x) = 3x2. You first simplify the expression for and then consider
h
the limit when h → 0 .
2
(
f x+h − f x) ( ) = 3( x + h ) − 3x 2 3x 2 + 6xh + 3h 2 − 3x 2
= = 6x + 3h
h h h

When h gets closer to zero, this expression approaches 6x, so f ′ ( x ) = 6 x .

[4 marks]
AB BC
5 a In triangle ABC, = cos α and = sin α , so AB = cos α and BC = sin α .
AC AC
[2 marks]
b From the diagram: AD = 1 − sin α and AE = 1+ sin α .

1 1 1 1
So you have + = +
AD AE 1 − sin α 1 + sin α
Add fractions using a common denominator:

=
(1+ sin α ) + (1− sin α ) = 2
(1− sin α ) (1+ sin α ) 1− sin α 2

2 2
= (using sin 2 α + cos 2 α = 1 ) = , as required.
cos α
2
AB 2
[6 marks]
6 a Substitute y from the first equation into the second: 2(12x − 2x2) = 6 − x
Write in the standard quadratic form: 24x − 4x2 = 6 − x
⇔ 4x2 − 25x + 6 = 0 ⇔ (4x − 1)(x − 6) = 0
So x = ¼ or 6.

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 A Level Mathematics for OCR Student Book 1

Substituting back to find y, the intersection points are ⎛⎜ , ⎞⎟ and (6, 0).
1 23
⎝4 8 ⎠

[5 marks]
b You need to sketch the two graphs first.

y = 12x − 2x2 = 2x(6 − x) is a negative parabola which crosses the x-axis at 0 and 6.
x + 2y = 6 is a straight line which crosses the axes at x = 6 and y = 3.
(You found the intersection points of these two graphs in question 6a.)
For the first inequality, the required region is below the graph (for example, check
that (3, 0) satisfies the inequality).
For the second inequality, the required region is above the graph (for example, (0,
0) does not satisfy the inequality).
Shading the unwanted regions leaves the required region between the two graphs.

[4 marks]
c This is a quadratic inequality so you can sketch the graph:

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 A Level Mathematics for OCR Student Book 1

The graph crosses the x-axis at −3 and 5 so its equation is:

y = (x + 3)(x − 5) = x2 − 2x − 15
So p = −2, q = −15

[3 marks]
7 It is helpful to sketch a diagram first.

Since ACB is a right angle, AB is the diameter of the circle. So the centre is the mid-point
of AB and the radius is half its length.
First you need the coordinates of B. This is the point where the line through C,
perpendicular to AC, crosses the x-axis.
20 5 2
Gradient of AC = = , so the gradient of BC = −
8 2 5
2
Equation of BC: y − 20 = − ( x − 0)
5
2
It crosses the x-axis when y = 0: −20 = − x ⇒ x = 50 . Coordinates of B are (50, 0)
5
Now you need the length and midpoint of A(−8, 0) and B(50, 0). The midpoint is (21, 0)
58
and the length is 58, so the radius of the circle is = 29.
2
So the equation of the circle is: (x − 21)2 + y2 = 841.

[11 marks]
8 There are three ways she can be later four times: 1 + 3, 2 + 2 or 3 + 1.
The probability is (0.25 × 0.10) + (0.15 × 0.15) + (0.10 × 0.25) = 0.0725.
[4 marks]

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 A Level Mathematics for OCR Student Book 1

9 a Obtain a list of all registered voters, numbered sequentially. Use a random number
generator to select 200 numbers from the list, ignoring repeats. The sample is made
up of the voters with those numbers.
[2 marks]
b Let the number of undecided voters in the sample be X ~ B(200, p)
Hypotheses: H0: p = 0.35, H1: p < 0.35
Using X ~ B(200, 0.35): P(X ≤ 62) = 0.133 > 0.05, so do not reject H0.
There is insufficient evidence at the 5% significance level that the proportion of
undecided voters has decreased.
[7 marks]
10 a The scatter graph shows no correlation between the average age and the percentage
of people who cycle to work.
[1 mark]
561
b Mean: p = = 2.24
250
1699
Standard deviation: σ 2 = − 2.242 = 1.76 ⇒ σ = 1.76 = 1.33
250
[6 marks]
c Outliers are more than three standard deviations from the mean.
2.24 − 3 × 1.33 = −1.75, 2.24 + 3 × 1.33 = 6.2, so outliers are any values above 6.2.
There are six outliers (all the points above 6.2).
[3 marks]
d It is more likely to be an urban area, as journeys to work are shorter so it’s easier to
cycle.
[1 mark]

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 A Level Mathematics for OCR Student Book 1

Practice paper 2
1 You need to write the equation in the form cos (2x) = k and then use inverse cos.
1
cos ( 2 x ) =
2
⎛1⎞
cos −1 ⎜ ⎟ = 60°
⎝2⎠

Since x ∈ [0,180°] , 2 x ∈ [0, 360°] so there are two possible solutions:

2x = 60° or 360° − 60° = 300°

x = 30° or 150°
[3 marks]
1
2 a x has been replaced by 2x, so this is a horizontal stretch with scale factor .
2

[2 marks]
b This is the derivative of f, so you are sketching the gradient of the graph. The
gradient is positive, and decreasing, until about x = 1.7, then negative until x = 5 and
then positive again.

[3 marks]
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 A Level Mathematics for OCR Student Book 1

3 There are two terms containing 3x, so make a substitution t = 3x

Then 32x + 1 = (3x)2 × 3 = 3t2, so the equation becomes 3t2 − 28t + 9 = 0
This is a quadratic which factorises: (3t − 1)(t − 9) = 0
1 1
t= or 9 so 3x = or 9 , and therefore x = −1 or 2.
3 3
[5 marks]
4 a Using the binomial expansion formula:
8 2 3
⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎛ 1 ⎞ 1
⎜1 − x ⎟ = 1 + 8 ⎜ − x ⎟ + 28 ⎜ − x ⎟ + 56 ⎜ − x ⎟ +… = 1 − x + 7 x − 7 x +…
2 3
⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠ 4
[4 marks]
b You don’t need to do the whole expansion; there are only two ways you can get an
x3 term:
2 × (x3 term) or x × (x2 term)

( 2 − x ) ⎛⎜1 − ⎞
1
x + 7 x 2 − 7 x3 +…⎟ = … − 14 x3 − 7 x3 …
⎝ 4 ⎠
So the coefficient of x3 is −21.
[3 marks]
5 a Using factor theorem: f(2) = 0
8 − 4 + 2a + 12 = 0, so a = −8
Using long division: x3 − x2 − 8x + 12 = (x − 2)(x2 + x − 6) = (x − 2)(x − 2)(x + 3)
So f(x) = (x − 2)2(x + 3)
[4 marks]
b This is cubic graph with positive x3. It has one repeated factor and one single factor,
so the curve touches the x-axis at x = 2 and crosses at x = −3. The y-intercept is 12.

[4 marks]
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 A Level Mathematics for OCR Student Book 1

6 a To find a counter example you just need to try some numbers.

For example, 192 = 361 and 3 + 6 + 1 = 10 which is neither square nor prime.
[2 marks]
b Two odd numbers can be written as 2n + 1 and 2m + 1. Then:
2 2
(2n +1) − (2m +1) = (4n 2
) ( )
+ 4n +1 − 4m2 + 4m +1 = 4n 2 + 4n − 4m2 − 4m.

Since each term is a multiple of 4, the whole expression is a multiple of 4.

[4 marks]
7 a This is an exponential model (with base e), so the initial value when t = 0 and the
rate of increase is kN.
When t = 0, N = A; so A = 30 000
12000
Rate of increase: kN = 12 000 when N = 30 000, so k = = 0.4
30000
[3 marks]

b Using the values found above: 30 000e0.4t = 1 000 000

100 ⎛ 100 ⎞
e0.4t = so 0.4t = ln ⎜ ⎟ therefore t = 8.77 days
3 ⎝ 3 ⎠

[4 marks]

8 a You need to show clearly that the graph does not reach either the x- or the y-axis.

[2 marks]

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 A Level Mathematics for OCR Student Book 1

dy
b Stationary points have = 0 : y = x 2 − x + 5x −1
dx
dy
= 2 x − 1 − 5 x −2 = 0
dx
You can’t solve this equation exactly, but you can use the graph from question 8a to
see how many solutions there are. You rearrange the equation as:
5
2x −1 =
x2
5
and sketch y = 2x − 1 and y = on the same diagram.
x2

The graphs only intersect once, so there is only one solution (which is a stationary
point of the original curve).
[6 marks]
9 You are going to use F = ma in vector form, where F is the resultant force. This is found
by adding all three forces:
F = (23i − 16j) + (7j) + (11i + 8j) = 34i − j.
1
Then a = F = ( 6.8i − 0.2 j) m s −2
5
[4 marks]
10 Taking positive direction to be upwards, you use the constant acceleration formulae with
u = 12.6 and a = −9.8.
a You want to find v when t = 2.1, so use v = u + at. v = 12.6 − 9.8 × 2.1 = −7.98
Negative v means that the ball is moving downwards. The speed is 7.98 m s−1.
[3 marks]
b There is no formula for this distance. You need to decide whether the ball is on the
upwards or downward part of the trajectory. So first you need to find the distance to
the highest point.
This is the value of s when v = 0, so use v2 = u2 + 2as
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 A Level Mathematics for OCR Student Book 1

0 = 12.62 − 2(9.8)s ⇒ s = 8.1

So the ball has not travelled 15 m by the time it reaches the highest point. It needs to
fall by 6.9 m, at which point it will be 8.1 − 6.9 = 1.2 m above the point of
projection.

This means that you need to find t when s = 1.2

1
Use s = ut + at 2 : 1.2 = 12.6t − 4.9t 2 ⇒ 4.9t 2 −12.6t +1.2 = 0
2
Solving the quadratic equation (using calculator or formula), you get t = 0.099 or
2.47.
The ball is at the point 1.2 m above the point of projection twice: first on the way up
and then on the way down. You want the second one, so t = 2.47 seconds.
[4 marks]
c The air resistance would slow down the ball (both when going up and when going
down), so the value of t would be larger.
[1 mark]
11 First, draw force diagrams for the box and the lift. The forces on the box are its weight
(down) and the tension in the string (up). The forces on the lift are the tension in the
string (down, by Newton’s third law), its weight (down) and the tension in the cable
(up).

You don’t know the acceleration of the lift, but you can find it by writing an F = ma
equation for the lift and the box together (total mass = 462 kg), ignoring the tension
force acting between them.

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 A Level Mathematics for OCR Student Book 1

Taking the positive direction to be down: 462g − 5300 = 462a ⇒ a = −1.67

This means that the acceleration is upwards, so now take the positive direction to be up.
The equation for the box is:
T − 12g = 12 × 1.67 so T = 138 N
[5 marks]
dv
12 a When t = 9 the second equation applies: a = = −4.05 ms −2 .
dt
[2 marks]
b The particle changes direction when v = 0

For 0 ≤ t ≤ 7: 9.6 + 4.2t − 0.3t 2 = 0 when t = −2 or 16, but these are not in the
required range
For t > 7: 52.65 − 4.05t = 0 when t = 13, which is in the correct range
Hence the particle changes direction when t = 13.
[2 marks]
c First you need to find out whether the particle has travelled more than 190 m in the
first 7 seconds. You already know (from question 12b) that the velocity does not
change sign in this interval, so the distance travelled equals the change in
displacement:
7
s = ∫ 9.6 + 4.2t − 0.3t 2dt = 135.8
0

So after 7 seconds the particle has travelled 135.8 m; it has a further 54.2 m to
travel.
You next need to check whether it reaches this distance before it changes direction
at t = 13:
13
∫7
52.65 − 4.05tdt = 72.9

This is larger than the required 54.2 m, so t < 13. You are now looking for the value
T such that the distance travelled between t = 7 and t = T is 54.2 s.
A velocity–time graph might be helpful in seeing what’s going on:

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 A Level Mathematics for OCR Student Book 1

T T
∫ 52.65− 4.05tdt = 54.2 ⇒ ⎡⎣52.65t − 2.025t 2 ⎤⎦ = 54.2
7 7

( ) (
⇒ 52.65T − 2.025T 2 − 269.325 = 54.2 ⇒ 2.025T 2 − 52.65T + 323.525 = 0
)
This quadratic equation has two solutions: T = 9.96 or 16.0. But you know that the
time you are looking for is before 13 seconds, so T = 9.96 seconds.
It takes the particle 9.96 seconds to travel 190 m.
[5 marks]

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