Prelim Reviewer 6.

What is the most common material used

Instrumentation SET A QUIZ
1. What happens to the resistance of a
voltmeter when measuring higher voltages?
a) It increases
b) It decreases
c) It remains the same
d) it oscillates
2. Which of the following describes the
purpose of a shunt resistor?
a) To increase the voltage sensitivity
b) To decrease the current sensitivity
c) To increase the current sensitivity
d) To decrease the voltage sensitivity
3. What is the function of a multiplier
resistor in a voltmeter?
a) To decrease the voltage range
b) To increase the voltage range
c) To decrease the sensitivity
d) To increase the sensitivity
for making the moving coll in a DC meter?
a) Copper
b) Aluminum
c) Nichrome
d) Silver
7. Which of the following statements about a
dynamometer type meter is true?
a) It is used for measuring voltage only
b) It is used for measuring current only
c) It can be used for measuring both voltage
and current
d) It is used for measuring power only
8. What does the term "full-scale deflection"
mean in the context of a meter?
a) The maximum voltage it can measure
b) The maximum current it can measure
c) The maximum deviation from zero on the
scale
d) The maximum sensitivity of the meter

4. Which of the following is true about the

scale of a DC meter?
a) It's linear
b) It's logarithmic
c) its exponential.
d) its random

5. What type of movement does a

permanent- magnet moving coll (PMMC)
meter use? Linear movement
a) Linear movement
b) Rotational movement
c) Vibrational movement
d) Oscillatory movement
9. A DC circuit consists of a battery with an
emf of 12 volts and an internal resistance of
2 ohms connected in series with a resistor.
A student wants to measure the current
flowing through the circuit using an ammeter
with a resistance of 0.2 ohms, connected in
series with the resistor. If the student
measures a current of 3.5 amps using the
ammeter, what is the actual current flowing
through the circuit? (Solution on Booklet)
a) 2.7 amps
b) 3.0 amps
c) 3.7 amps
d) 4.0 amps
10. A student is conducting an experiment
with a DC circuit. The circuit consists of a
battery with an EMF of 9 volts and an
internal resistance of 1 ohm connected in
series with a resistor. The student wants to
measure the current flowing through the
circuit using a galvanometer with a
resistance of 5 ohms, connected in series
with the resistor. If the galvanometer shows
full-scale deflection when a current of 1.5
millamps flows through it, what is the
resistance of the external resistor in the
circuit? (Solution on Booklet)
a) 4994 chins
b) 5994 ohms
c) 6994 chims
d) 7564 ohms
11. Which of the following best describes
the behavior of a diode?
a) It conducts current in both directions
b) it conducts current in one direction only
c) it amplifies the signal
d) it stores energy
12. What happens when a diode is reverse 18. What is the reverse leakage current of a
biased? dode?
a) it conducts current with high resistance a) The current flowing when the diode is
b) it conducts current with low resistance forward biased
c) it blocks current flow b) The current flowing when the diode is
d) it amplifies the incoming signal reverse biased
c) The current flowing when the diode is
13. What is the purpose of a diode in a saturated
rectifier circuit? d) The current flowing when the diode is in
a) To filter noise from the signal breakdown
b) To regulate the voltage
c) To convert AC to DC 19. What is the primary application of a
d) To amplify the signal photodiode?
a) Rectification
14. Which type of diode is specifically b) Voltage regulation
designed to regulate voltage? c) Light detection
a) Zener diode d) Amplification
b) Schottky diode
c) Light-emitting diode (LED) 20. Which of the following diodes emits light
d) Varactor diode when forward blased?
a) Schottky diode
15. What is the voltage drop across a b) Zener diode
forward-biased silicon diode? c) Light-emitting diode (LED)
a) 0.3 volts d) Tunnel diode
b) 0.6 volts
c) 1.2 volts 21. A diode-based rectifier circuit is used to
d) 2.1 volts convert an AC voltage signal into a DC
voltage signal. The circuit consists of a
16. Which diode type has the fastest silicon diode with a forward voltage drop of
switching speed? 0.7 volts. If the peak value of the AC input
a) Zener diode voltage is 10 volts, what is the peak value of
b) Schottky diode the DC output voltage? (Solution on
c) Tunnel diode Booklet)
d) Light-emitting diode (LED) a) 9.3 volts
b) 9.7 volts
17. In which region of a diode characteristic c) 10.7 volts
curve does the diode act as a good d) 10.0 volts
conductor?
a) Reverse bias Solution:
b) Forward blas
c) Saturation region 10 V - 0.7 V = 9.3 V
d) Breakdown region
22. An electronic circuit consists of a diode
with a forward voltage drop of 0.7 volts and 25. The peak detector circuit is commonly
a resistor with a resistance of 100 ohms. used in AC detection to:
The circuit is designed to measure the a) Measure the peak voltage of AC
voltage across the resistor when a current signals
flows through it. If a current of 10 milliamps b) Measure the average voltage of AC
(mA) flows through the circuit, what is the signals
voltage across the resistor? (Solution on c) Rectify the AC signal
Booklet) d) Amplify the AC signal
a) 0.07 volts
b) 0.7 volts 26. Which type of diode is commonly used
c) 1.0 volts in peak detector circuits for AC detection?
d) 1.7 volts a) Zener diode
b) Schottky diode
c) Light-emitting diode (LED)
d) Tunnel diode

27. What is the primary advantage of using

a peak detector circuit in AC detection?
a) It provides accurate measurement of
peak voltage
b) It eliminates noise from the signal
c) It rectifies the AC signal
d) It regulates the voltage

28. In AC detection, what is the term used

to describe the maximum positive and
negative values of an AC signal?
a) RMS value
23. In AC detection, what is the term used b) Peak-to-peak value
to describe the process of converting AC c) Average value
signals to DC? d) Instantaneous value
a) Amplification
b) Rectification 29. Which of the following circuits is
c) Regulation commonly
d) Oscillation used for full-wave rectification in AC
detection?
24. Which of the following components is a) Half-wave rectifier
used to filter out the AC component in AC b) Bridge rectifier
detection? c) Center-tapped rectifier
a) Capacitor d) Voltage doubler
b) Inductor
c) Resistor 30. The RMS value of an AC signal is:
d) Diode a) The average value of the signal
b) The maximum value of the signal 34. What is the purpose of a bridge network
c) The square root of the average of the in AC bridge circuits?
squares of the signal a) To provide impedance matching
d) The peak value of the signal b) To balance the bridge
c) To generate the AC signal
d) To filter out noise
31. Which of the following diode
characteristics is 35. The accuracy of an AC bridge
important for accurate AC detection? measurement
a) Reverse recovery time depends on:
b) Forward voltage drop a) The quality of the components
c) Breakdown voltage b) The frequency of the AC signal
d) Leakage current c) The balance condition
d) All of the above
32. In an AC detection circuit, a
diode-based rectifier followed by a 36. The Q factor of an inductor can be
smoothing capacitor is used to convert an measured using:
AC voltage signal into a DC voltage signal. a) Wheatstone bridge
If the circuit is supplied with an AC voltage b) Maxwell bridge
of 12 volts peak-to-peak, the forward c) Hay bridge
voltage drop across the diode is 0.7 volts, d) Schering bridge
and the output voltage across the
smoothing capacitor is measured to be 10 37. The Hay bridge is used for measuring:
volts, what is the peak voltage after a) Resistance
rectification? b) Inductance
a) 9.3 volts c) Capacitance
b) 9.7 volts d) Impedance
c)10.7 volts
d) 12.7 volts 38. The Schering bridge is used in the
measurement of
33. In a Hay bridge, when is the bridge said a) Resistance
to be balanced? b) Inductance
e) When the inductive reactance is equal to c) Capacitance
the capacitive reactance d) Impedance
b) When the resistance is equal to the
reactance 39. The Maxwell bridge is used for
c) When the voltage across the bridge is measuring:
zero a) Resistance
d) When the current through the bridge is b) Inductance
maximum c) Capacitance
d) Impedance
40. An electronic circuit requires attenuation
of an input signal from 20 volts to 10 volts. If WALANG 44 45
a fixed attenuator with an attenuation ratio
of 0.5 is available, how should it be 46. In a T-pad attenuator, what is the
connected in the circuit to achieve the attenuation ratio if all resistors are of equal
desired output voltage? value?
a) Connected in series with the input signal a) 0.5
b) Connected in parallel with the input signal b) 0.67
c) Connected in series with the output signal C) 1
d) Connected in parallel with the output al d) 2
son signal
47. Which attenuator type provides the most
41. An electronic circuit needs to attenuate accurate attenuation across a wide
an input voltage from 15 volts to 7.5 volts. If frequency range?
a variable attenuator is available, how a) T-pad attenuator
should it be adjusted to achieve the desired b) Pi attenuator
output voltage? c) Step attenuator
a) Increase the attenuation ratio d) Bridged T attenuator
b) Decrease the attenuation ratio
c) Set the attenuation ratio to 0.5 48. What is the primary disadvantage of
d) Set the attenuation ratio to 1 using a step attenuator?
a) Limited number of attenuation levels
42. An electronic circuit needs to attenuate b) High cost
an input voltage from 25 volts to 5 volts. If c) High insertion loss
only fixed attenuators with attenuation ratios d) Limited power handling capability
of 0.2 and 0.5 are available, how should
they be combined to achieve the desired 49. In a Pi attenuator, what is the
output voltage? attenuation ratio if all resistors are of equal
a) Connect the 0.2 attenuator in series with value?
the 0.5 attenuator a) 0.5
b) Connect the 0.2 attenuator in parallel with b) 0.67
the 0.5 attenuator c) 1
c) Connect the 0.2 attenuator to the output d) 2
of the 0.5 attenuator
d) Connect the 0.2 attenuator to the input of 50. Which attenuator configuration is often
the 0.5 attenuator used for impedance matching?
a) L-pad attenuator
43. What is the primary function of a step b) Pi attenuator
attenuator? c) T-pad attenuator
a) To provide discrete attenuation levels d) Bridged T attenuator
b) To continuously vary the attenuation
c) To amplify signals
d) To filter signals
QUIZ 2 SET A d. Power and efficiency
6. A communications system is operating at
1. Which of the following is not a 355.871 MHz, at what band is the system
disadvantage of AM modulation? operating?
a. Very High Frequency
a. Susceptibility to noise b. Ultra High Frequency
b. Low efficiency in power usage c. Super High Frequency
c. Limited frequency range d. Extremely High Frequency
d. High power consumption
2. What is the purpose of pre-emphasis and 7. Which of the following is not an example
de- emphasis in AM radio broadcasting? of a communications medium?
a. Optical fiber
a. To reduce interference from B. Parallel wire line
neighboring stations C. Single wire line
b. To improve the signal-to-noise ratio D. Twisted pair
during transmission
c. To enhance the fidelity of audio 7. Which of the following wavelength falls
řêpřôđuĉtiôń within the MF frequency range?
d. To comply with regulatory a. 75 cm
requirements b. 0.75 cm
for broadcast quality c. 75m
d. 750 m
3. What is the function of a communications 9. Twenty-two micro volts is
system? a. -33.15 dBuV
a. To transfer information from one b. -33.15 dBmV
point to another via some c. -16.57 dBuV
communications link. d. -16.57 dBmV
b. To process information on each end
of the communications system. 10. Which of the following is true about an
c. To minimize the noise in the system. amplifier?
d. All of these.
4. The process of putting information onto a a. The signal-to-noise ratio at the input
high frequency carrier for transmission. is greater than the signal-to-noise
ratio at the output.
a. Transmission b. The signal-to-noise ratio at the input
b. Modulation is less than the signal-to-noise ratio
c. Communication at theoutput
d. Electronic communication c. The signal-to-noise ratio at the input
is equal to the signal-to-noise ratio at
5. What are the two basic limitations in a the output
communications system? d. The signal-to-noise ratio at the input
a. Nolse and bandwidth and at the output depends on the
b. Language and distance type of amplifier.
c. Frequency and distance
11. What happens if the modulation index in
AM exceeds 1?
a. The modulated signal distorted
b. The carrier wave disappear
c. The bandwidth of the modulated
signal decreases
d. The sidebands merge into the carrier
wave
12. Which is not true about modulation?
a. narrower bandwidth
b. multiple transmission
c. transmission over longer distances
d. more practical antenna
16. When dealing with random noise
calculations, it must be reminded that
a. All calculations are based on peak to
peak values
B. Calculations are based on peak values
C. Calculations are based on average
values
D. Calculations are based on RMS values
17. Which of the following is the most
reliable measurement for comparing
amplifier noise characteristics?

13. It is defined as signal alteration due to a. Signal-to-noise ratio

imperfect response of the system to the b. Noise factor
desired signal itself. c. Shot noise
a. Attenuation d. Thermal agitation noise
b. Noise
c. Distortion 18. Which of the following statements is
d. Interference true?
a. Random noise power is inversely
14. What is the process of demodulation? proportional to bandwidth
a. the modulation of a carrier b. Flicker is sometimes called
b. the mixing of noise to the received demodulation noise
signal c. Noise in mixer is caused by
c. the process of masking out the inadequate image frequency
intelligence on a received carrier it rejection
make it an S-meter operational d. A random noise voltage across a
d. the recovery of the intelligence from resistance cannot be calculated
the modulated RF signal. 19. Which of the following is not an example
of a communications medium?
15. For a non-linear amplifier with two input a. Optical fiber
frequencies, 2 kHz and 5 kHz, determine b. Parallel wire line
which not a possible cross product is. c. Single wire line
a. 12 kHz d. Twisted pair
b. 9 kHz
c. 11 kHz 20. Where is an antenna installed on a
d. 10 kHz wireless communication system?
a. At the transmitter only
b. At the receiver only
c. Both at the transmitter and at the
receiver
d. Depends on the system.

21. Which of the following is NOT true about
communications ?.
a. The information that can be sent
over a communications system is
proportional to its bandwidth.
b. The noise in a communications
system is proportional to its
bandwidth.
c. Unlimited information can be sent
through a communications system
d. Modulation is required for radio
communications
22. An amplifier has an output of 67 dBm
and an input of 59 dBm. What is the
amplifier gain?
a. 126 dBm
b. 126 dB
C. 8 dBm
d. 8 dB
Solution:
67 dBm - 59 dBm
23. Which of the following is true about
electrical noise?
a. Man-made noise can propagate
through space or along power lines.
b. Noise power is proportional to the
Boltzmann's constant.
c. The ground is one of the strongest
sources of static.
d. All of these
24. Noise power is not proportional to
a. Bandwidth
b. Temperature
c. Boltzmann's constant
d. None of these
25. What is the main purpose of a
communications system?
a. For modulation
b. To provide an acceptable replica of
the information at the destination
c. To have a frequency assignment
d. To have a transmitter, antenna, and
a receiver to facilitate an encrypted
data
26. Which of the following statements is
NOT true when is a signal unsuitable for
transmission?
a. It has frequencies that cannot be
b. It requires impractical antenna sizes
c. it is prone to interference
d. it is produced through a non-linear
process.
27. Amplifiers are connected in cascade.
Which of the following statements is NOT
true?
a. More amplifiers result to a higher
gain
b. The more amplifiers, the higher
increase in the noise figure
c. More amplifiers result to a higher
equivalent noise temperature
d. The output signal becomes better
28. In AM, the amplitude of the____
proportion to the amplitude of the
information signal.
a. Carrier Signal
b. Modulated signal
c. Modulating Signal
d. Broadband Signal
29. In AM, the carries takes the shape of the
modulating signal. This is called
a. Envelope
b. Spectrum
c. Oscillation
d. Amplitude modulation
 c. 95.97 W
30. The modulated peak value of a signal is d. 94.48 W
10 V and the unmodulated carrier value is 8
V. What is the modulation index? Solution:
a. 0.8
b. 0.25 100 W = Pc(1+0.252/2)
c. 0.2 Pc = 96.97
d. 0.4 100 - 96.97 = 3.03 W/2

Solution: 34. When the modulation index of an AM wave

10 V - 8 V = 2 V is doubled, the antenna current is also
doubled The AM system being used is
M = 2/10 a H3E
b. C3F
31. As seen on an oscilloscope, an AM C. J3E
signal has maximum span of 5 V and a d. A3E
minimum of 1 V. What is the percent
modulation? 35. Vestigial sideband modulation is normally
a. 20% used for
b. 80% a HF point-to-point communications
c. 66.67% b. Monaural broadcasting
d. 33.33% c. TV broadcasting
d. Stereo broadcasting
Solution:
36. A carrier is simultaneously modulated by
%m = Vmax-Vmin/Vmax+Vmin x 100% two sine
waves with modulation indices of 0.3 and 0.4.
32. In an AM system, what is the carrier The total modulation index is
power if the total power is 1000 W and the a 0.7
modulation index is 0.95? b. 0.5
a. 689W c. 1.0
b. 950W d. 0.35
c. 816W
d. 861W Solution:

Solution: mT = √0.32 + 0.42

1000 W = Pc(1 + ma2/2) shift solve 37. Which of the following is not a baseband
signal for modulation?
33. What is the sideband power with a a. Audio signal
modulation index of 0.25 when the transmitter b. RF carrier
is capable of maximum total power of 100W? c. Video signal
a 3.03 W d. Binary carrier
b. 1.51 W
38. If the modulation index of an AM wave is 43. What is the approximate bandwidth of an
increased from 0 to 1, the transmitter power FM with a modulation factor of 125 and a
would be modulating frequency of 10 kHz?
a. Increased by 150% a 20 kHz
b. increased by 50% b. 270 kHz
c. increased by 100% C 250 kHz
d. decreased by 50% d. 45 kHz

39. Emission with only one sideband 44. In FM, the carrier amplitude
transmission: a. Changes with the information amplitude
a A3E b. Changes with the information frequency
b. J3E c.Will not change if the amplitude of the
c. B8E information doesn't change
d. H3E d. Will not change

40. Which of the following is NOT a result of 45. Which of the following about the carrier
modulation of an RP carrier? swinging in FM is NOT true?
a. multiple channels a. is the difference between the maximum and
b. minimized noise the minimum frequencies when the carrier
C. smaller antennas frequency is changed during modulation
d. avoid interference b. It is twice the amount of the carrier
c frequency Its value depends on the deviation
41. For an AM transmitter, the carrier sensitivity of the modulator
frequency is 08 MHz, and the modulation d. A wider carrier swing results to a wider BW
frequency varies from 1 kHz to 10 kHz. Find
the bandwidth. 46. Frequency modulation and phase
a 990 kHz to 1010 kHz modulation are collectively referred to as
b. 2000 kHz a Stereo
c. 9 kHz b. Angle modulation
d. 20 kHz c high fidelity modulation
d. Analog modulation
Solution:
BW =2Fm(highest) 47. Which of the following is NOT a major
benefit of FM over AM?
42. The amplitude of the information signal is a greater efficiency
used to change the frequency of the high b. noise immunity
frequency carrier. c. capture effect
a. Frequency modulation d. lower complexity and cost
b. Frequency deviation
c. Frequency shift keying 48. Frequency Modulation is more power
d. Angle modulation efficient compared to AM because
a. There is no carrier in the modulated FM
signal
b. The FM generator has only a few
C. The FM signal has theoretically infinite 3. Which of the following is not an example
sidebands of external noise
d. The information is contained within the a. Fluorescent light
entire modulated signal b. Solar emission
c. Resistor noise
49. Which of the following is NOT an analog d. Lightning
type of modulation?
a. Amplitude modulation 4. An amplifier's output signal has 25 mVp-p
b. Angle modulation of desired signal mixed in with 45 V rms of
c. Phase modulation undesired noise. The load impedance is 50.
d. Frequency Shifting What is the amplifier's output S/N level in
dB?
50. Which of the following is the advantage of a. 22.9 dB
AM over FM? b. 54.9 dB
a. Noise amplitude spikes are harder to treat c. 45.9 dB
b. Operates on the medium frequency band d. 51.9 dB
c. Requires vertically polarized antennas
d. Simple circuitry 5. Why does a 5-kHz square wave require a
greater bandwidth than a 2-kHz sinewave?
a. The square wave has a larger frequency
than the sinewave
b. The square wave has an infinite number
Noise QUIZ 3 Set B of harmonics, whereas the sinewave has
only one.
1. Which expression indicates a c. The square wave is much easier to cover
measurement using a 1-W reference by noise.
a. dBm d. The square wave must also include an
b. dB1 offset (dc) voltage, whereas the sinewave
c. dBW does not.
d. dB(W)
6.The relationship between information and
2. An amplifier operating over a 2-Mhz bandwidth is called
bandwidth has a 75 input resistance. If it is a Information theory
operating at 22° C and has a voltage gain of b.Fourier analysis
300, the noise produced at the output of this c. FFT
amplifier would be approximately d. Hartley's law
a. 128 V
b. 7.33 pV 7. Aliasing can be defined as errors
c. 1.56 V occurring when
d. 469 V a. The input frequency exceeds the sample
rate.
Solution: b. The bandwidth is less than the input
√4kTBR frequency.
c. The type of modulation has been
incorrectly identified. 12. What is the primary source of thermal
d. The sampling signal has been incorrectly noise in
identified. electronic circuits?
a. External radiation
8. Which of the following does not hold true b. Amplifier gain
for a parallel resonant circuit? c. Random motion of charge carriers
a. At the resonant frequency the impedance d. System impedance
of the circuit is a minimum.
b. If Q-10, the resonant frequency is the 13. Which type of noise is caused by
same as it would be if it were a series. random variations in the number of charge
c. It is commonly referred to as a tank carriers in a semiconductor device?
circuit. a. Thermal noise
d. At the resonant frequency, the circuit b. Shot noise
draws minimum current from the c. Flicker noise
constant-voltage d. Burst noise
source.
14. What type of noise is characterized by
9. The oscillator design that uses a third fluctuations in the current or voltage due to
capacitor in the tank circuit for swamping the discrete nature of charge.
out the effect of the transistor's internal a Thermal noise
capacitances is the B. Shot noise
a. Hartley design c. Flicker noise
b. Clapp design d. Burst noise
c. Colpitts design
d. Crystal design 15. Which of the following is a common
source of external noise in communication
systems?
a Thermal agitation
b. Device capacitance
10. The ability of a crystal to oscillate at its c. Atmospheric disturbances
resonant d. Semiconductor junctions
frequency is due to
a. The flywheel effect 16. What is the term for noise that arises
b. Barkhausen criteria due to variations in Bumination levels in
c. The piezoelectric effect images?
d. Frequency synthesis a. Gaussian noise
b. Salt-and-pepper noise
11. Whichin communication systems, which c. Speckle noise
of the following best describes noise? d. Poisson noise
a. Desired signal
b. Unwanted interference 17. Which type of noise is prevalent in
c. Amplified signal low-frequency electronic circuits and is
d. Filtered signal inversely proportional to frequency?
a. Thermal noise c. 1 mW
b. Shot noise 4. mW
c. Flicker noise
d. Burst noise Solution:
20 dB = 10log(100 mW/X) shift solve
18. What term describes noise that appears
as sudden, sharp spikes in signal 23. A communication channel has a
amplitude? bandwidth of 10 kHz and a noise power
a Thermal noise spectral density of 109 W/Hz. What is the
b. Shot noise total noise power within the bandwidth?
c. Burst noise A 10-6 W
d. Pink noise b 10-7W
c. 10-9 W
19. In digital communication systems, what d. 10-10 W
type of noise results from errors introduced
during analog-to-digital conversion? 24. In a digital communication system, if the
a. Quantization noise noise power is measured to be-70 dBm and
b. Crosstalk the receiver bandwidth is 1M, what is the
c. Interference noise power spectral density?
d. Thermal noise a. 10 W/Hz
b.10 W/Hz
20. Which of the following methods is used c. 10 W/Hz
to reduce 4. 10 W/Hz
the impact of noise in communication
systems by adding redundant information? Solution:
a. Noise cancellation
b. Error detection and correction
c. Bandwidth expansion
d. Equalization
25. a communication system has a signal
21. Which type of noise is particularly power of 1W and a noise power of 0.1 mW,
problematic in AM systems due to its what is the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in
impulsive nature? decibels?
a. Thermal noise a. 30 dB
b. Shot noise b. 40 dB
c. Impulse noise c. 50 dB
d. Phase noise d. 60 dB

22. In a communication system, the Solution:

signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is 20 dB. If the SNRdB = 10log(1W/0.1mW)
signal power is 100 mW, what is the noise
power? 25. In an analog communication system, if
a. 10 mW the output signal power is measured to be 5
b. 5 mW W and the noise power is measured to be
0.1 W, what is the signal-to-noise ratio the total noise power at the output of the
(SNR) in decibels? amplifier?
a 10dB a. -164 dBm
b. 17 dB b. -194 dBm
c. 20dB c. -134 dBm
d. 25 dB d. -154 dBm

Solution: Solution:
SNRdB = 10log(5W/0.1W) 4kTB = 6.90x10-15
10log(6.90x10-15/1x10-3)
27. In a communication system, the receiver = -112 dBm ???
has a noise figure of 3 dB and an equivalent
noise temperature of 300 K. If the 30. A receiver with a noise figure of 2 dB
bandwidth of the receiver is 10 kHz, what is has an equivalent noise temperature of
the total noise power at the input of the 1000 K. If the receiver bandwidth is 50 kHz,
receiver? what is the total noise power at the input of
a. -174 dBm the receiver?
b. -104 dBm a. -104 dBm
c. -144 dBm b. -144 dBm
d. -134 dBm c. -124 dBm
d. -134 dBm
Solution:
4kTB = 4.14x10-17 Solution:
10log(4.14x10-17/1x10-3) 4kTB = 6.90x10-6
10log(6.90x10-16/1x10-3)
28. A communication system has a noise = -122 dBm ???
figure of 5 dB and operates at room
temperature (300 K), the receiver bandwidth
is 100 kHz, what is the total noise power at
the input of the receiver?
a. -144 dm
b. -174 dBm
c. -114 dBm
d. -104 dBm

Solution:
4kTB = 4.14x10-16 31. An amplifier has a noise figure of 4 dB
10log(4.14x10-16/1x10-3) and operates at an equivalent noise
= -124 dBm ??? temperature of 400 K. If the amplifier
bandwidth is 500 kHz, what is the total
29. The noise figure of an amplifier is 6 dB, noise power at the output of the amplifier?
and its a. -134 dBm
equivalent noise temperature is 500 K. If the b. -154 dBm
amplifier has a bandwidth of 1 MHz, what is c. -114 dBm
d. -144 dBm a. Capture effect
b. Signal-to-noise ratio
Solution: c. Noise figure
4kTB = 6.90x10-6 d. Bessel function
10log(6.90x10-16/1x10-3)
= -121 dBm ??? 38. A receiver has a 30-dB noise figure, a
1.5 MHz bandwidth, a 6-dBm third intercept
32 The Barkhausen criteria has to do with point, and a 3-dB signal-to-noise ratio. Its
a. Receiver noise sensitivity is
b. Fourier analysis a. -94 dB
c. Oscillation b. -82.2 dB
d. Troubleshooting c. -79.2 dB
D. -81 dB
33. Which of the following can be called a
troubleshooting plan? 39. Which of the following noise sources is
a. Symptoms as clues to faulty stages typically associated with AM communication
b. Signal tracing and signal injection systems due to thermal agitation of
c. Voltage and resistance measure electrons?
d. All of the above a. Thermal noise
b. Shot noise
34. The noise advantage of SSB over AM is c. Crosstalk
a. 3-5 dB d. Atmospheric noise
b. 5-7 dB
c. 8-10 dB 40. In an AM receiver, what is the effect of
D. 10-12 dB noise on the demodulated signal quality?
a. Improves SNR
35. The advantages provided by carrier b. Increases signal clarity
elimination in SSB do not apply to c. Degrades signal-to-noise ratio
transmission of d. Reduces distortion
a. Code
b. Music
c. Noise
d. All of the above

36. The noise advantage of SSB over AM is

a. 3-5 dB
b. 5-7 dB
c. 8-10 dB
D. 10-12 dB

37. The inherent ability of FM to minimize

the effect of undesired signals operating at
the same or nearly the same frequency as
the desired station is known as the