Pablo Borbon

Alangilan Campus
Campus

College of Engineering – Department of Mechanical Engineering

I. INTRODUCTION
In the world of engineering, especially in metalworking and woodworking, it's super
important to get good at benchwork, layout, and patternmaking. Benchwork is like the
making stuff, where you learn how to cut, shape, and mold materials. It's the basic
building block for all the fancy fabrication methods. Layout work is like being a super
precise detective. You must measure things perfectly and make exact marks, kind of
like drawing a treasure map, but for building things. And patternmaking is like being
the conductor of an orchestra. It gives instructions on how to make things the same
way every time, so they're consistent and uniform. So, this lab is like a crash course
in these essential skills that engineers and makers need. It's here to help students
kickstart their journey into engineering and manufacturing by teaching them the basics
of how to work with metal and wood.
II. OBJECTIVES
• In this lab, students will practice cutting, shaping, and molding materials like
metal and wood. This helps them understand the fundamentals of working with
these materials.
• The lab will teach students how to measure accurately and make precise
marks. This skill is crucial for ensuring that their creations are made correctly
and fit together perfectly.
• Students will also discover the importance of patternmaking. This means
they'll understand how to provide clear instructions so that every item they
make turns out the same way each time, making their work consistent and
uniform.

III. MATERIALS AND TOOL/INSTRUMENTS

To enhance knowledge and skills, the laboratory will be furnished with a variety of materials
and specialized tools. These tools play important roles in tasks like benchwork, layout, and
pattern making. The materials include different types of metal sheets, varying in thickness and
composition. Additionally, there will be a selection of wooden blocks or planks, each
possessing its distinct qualities. These resources provide the necessary elements for
understanding and mastering various techniques in the pursuit of knowledge and expertise.

Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines +63 43 425 - 0139 loc. 2009

www.batstate-u.edu.ph mepete.ceafa@g.batstate-u.edu.ph
 Pablo Borbon
Alangilan Campus
Campus

College of Engineering – Department of Mechanical Engineering

MATERIALS FOR BENCHWORK LAYOUT

Measuring Tools – These include calipers, micrometer, depth gauges, ruler. These measuring
tools are used to make accurate and precise dimension workpiece.

Layout Tools – The square, protractor, center punch, scribe, and marking pens are utilized to
delineate lines, arcs, angles, and pinpoint precise locations on the workpiece.

Workpiece – A material upon which markings are made, shaping is performed, or machining
is executed to meet specifications.

TOOLS AND INSTRUMENTS FOR BENCHWORK LAYOUT

• Bench Vise - A bench vise is a mechanical tool used for securely clamping objects
during various tasks. It consists of two jaws, one fixed and one movable,
operated by a screw mechanism. The vise is attached to a workbench and
provides stability, enabling users to work on objects without them moving or
slipping.
• Ball – Peen Hammers (large and small) - A ball peen hammer is a type of hand
tool commonly used in metalworking and mechanical tasks. The ball peen
hammer is known for its versatility and is often used by blacksmiths, engineers,
and metalworkers for tasks such as riveting, shaping metal, and peening or
flattening rivets.

• Scribers - A scriber is a hand tool used in metal work to mark lines on workpieces,
prior to machining.

• Prick Punch – A prick punch is a small, pointed hand tool typically made of steel.
It is used for marking or indenting a small point or dimple on a metal surface,
serving as a guide for drilling or other machining operations. This tool allows
for precise alignment and positioning of the drill bit or other tools on the metal
surface, ensuring accuracy during fabrication or assembly processes.

• Center Punch – A center punch is a tool used to mark a small indentation in a

material, typically metal, as a reference point for drilling or other
operations. It helps ensure accuracy and precision in the work being
performed.

Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines +63 43 425 - 0139 loc. 2009

www.batstate-u.edu.ph mepete.ceafa@g.batstate-u.edu.ph
 Pablo Borbon
Alangilan Campus
Campus

College of Engineering – Department of Mechanical Engineering

• Layout Surface - A layout surface is a designated area or platform used for

arranging and marking workpieces, facilitating precise measurements, and
ensuring accurate machining or assembly processes. It serves as a foundation
for creating well-organized and precisely executed projects.

MATERIALS FOR PATTERN MAKING

To make the pattern, we can use stuff like wood, plastic, or metal. Wood, like pine or mahogany,
is good because it's easy to shape.

We need glue, like wood glue or epoxy, to stick the different parts of the pattern together.

To make the pattern nice and smooth, we use stuff like putty or clay to fill in any holes or bumps.

We put something like wax or spray on the pattern, so it doesn't get stuck to the mold when we
make the final thing.

TOOLS AND INSTRUMENTS FOR PATTERN MAKING

• Double Cut File – A file with a surface cut into two series of parallel ridges
crossing each other usually at less than a right angle, both ridges
being diagonal to the center line of the file.

• Single cut files – Have many parallel rows of teeth that are inclined by about 30
degrees from the sides of the file. This tooth form is generally used
for finishing operation since they are lateral and progressive cutting
action creating long tips that tend to produce a better surface finish.

• Hacksaw - Is a type of hand tool designed specifically for cutting through materials
such as plastic, steel, and other metals.

• Drilling Tools - A drill and drilling tools are used to make holes in something, like
a piece of wood or metal. This is helpful for putting things in the right place and
attaching them securely.

Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines +63 43 425 - 0139 loc. 2009

www.batstate-u.edu.ph mepete.ceafa@g.batstate-u.edu.ph
 Pablo Borbon
Alangilan Campus
Campus

College of Engineering – Department of Mechanical Engineering

IV. PROCEDURE
Procedure in Benchwork, Layout and Pattern Making

Benchwork
1. Prepare Your Workspace: Clear the workbench of any clutter and ensure it's clean and
sturdy.
2. Select Materials: Gather the materials you need for your project, such as metal, wood, or
plastic.
3. Measure and Mark: Measure and mark the dimensions you need on the material using a
tape measure and a pencil.
4. Cut the Material: Use the appropriate tool, like a saw or a cutting machine, to cut the
material along the marked lines.
5. Smooth Edges: Use a file or sandpaper to smooth and round the edges of the cut material.
6. Assemble if Needed: If your project requires assembly, follow the instructions to put the
pieces together securely.
Layout
1. Plan Your Design: Decide on the layout or design you want for your project.
2. Measure and Mark: Measure the dimensions and locations for your design elements on
the material, using a ruler or measuring tape.
3. Use Templates: If applicable, use templates or stencils to create precise shapes and
patterns on the material.
4. Mark Centerlines: Mark centerlines to ensure symmetrical placement of design elements.
5. Double-Check Measurements: Confirm all measurements and markings are accurate
before proceeding.
Pattern Making
1. Select Pattern Material: Choose a suitable material for making your pattern, often
cardboard or wood.
2. Trace or Draw: Transfer the design or shape from your layout onto the pattern material by
tracing it or drawing it accurately.
3. Cut the Pattern: Use scissors or a craft knife to carefully cut out the pattern along the lines
you drew.
4. Smooth Edges: Sand the edges of the pattern to ensure they are smooth and free of any
roughness.
5. Label and Store: Label the pattern with relevant information, such as the project name or
dimensions, and store it in a safe place for future use.

Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines +63 43 425 - 0139 loc. 2009

www.batstate-u.edu.ph mepete.ceafa@g.batstate-u.edu.ph
 Pablo Borbon
Alangilan Campus
Campus

College of Engineering – Department of Mechanical Engineering

It is important to wear appropriate safety gear, like safety glasses and gloves, while
working on benchwork and pattern making, and always follow the recommended safety
precautions for the specific tools and materials you're using.

V. CONCLUSION
In conclusion, this lab is like a starting point for new engineers and creators. It helps
them learn how to work with metal and wood in a hands-on way. They get to learn the
basics that are important for making things. Benchwork is about cutting, shaping, and
molding materials, like metal and wood. It's like the first step in making stuff. It helps
them understand how materials work and how to use them. Layout work is all about
measuring things carefully and making marks on materials. It's like making a map so
everything fits together perfectly. It's about being super precise. Patternmaking is like
giving instructions so that everything they make is the same every time. It's important
for making things consistent and uniform, just like an orchestra conductor making sure
everyone plays the same way. They learn which tools to use for different jobs, like
cutting or measuring. It's like having a toolbox full of options. Overall, this lab is not
just about learning technical stuff. It also helps students be creative and solve
problems. It gives them a strong start in engineering and making things, turning raw
materials into cool stuff.

Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines +63 43 425 - 0139 loc. 2009

www.batstate-u.edu.ph mepete.ceafa@g.batstate-u.edu.ph
 Pablo Borbon
Alangilan Campus
Campus

College of Engineering – Department of Mechanical Engineering

Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines +63 43 425 - 0139 loc. 2009

www.batstate-u.edu.ph mepete.ceafa@g.batstate-u.edu.ph
 Pablo Borbon
Alangilan Campus
Campus

College of Engineering – Department of Mechanical Engineering

Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines +63 43 425 - 0139 loc. 2009

www.batstate-u.edu.ph mepete.ceafa@g.batstate-u.edu.ph
 Pablo Borbon
Alangilan Campus
Campus

College of Engineering – Department of Mechanical Engineering

Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines +63 43 425 - 0139 loc. 2009

www.batstate-u.edu.ph mepete.ceafa@g.batstate-u.edu.ph
 Pablo Borbon
Alangilan Campus
Campus

College of Engineering – Department of Mechanical Engineering

Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines +63 43 425 - 0139 loc. 2009

www.batstate-u.edu.ph mepete.ceafa@g.batstate-u.edu.ph
 Pablo Borbon
Alangilan Campus
Campus

College of Engineering – Department of Mechanical Engineering

Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines +63 43 425 - 0139 loc. 2009

www.batstate-u.edu.ph mepete.ceafa@g.batstate-u.edu.ph