Chapter 2: Kinematics of Particles 1

2/3: Plane Curvilinear Motion

- motion of __________
a
particle along __________
a curved path in a ___________ (___)
single path 2D

- vector analysis to describe the motion, involving __________________

time derivative of vector (_________________
a time rates of change of vector quantities)

Velocity
(curved ________
Vector change of position

= ______________
averaged velocity of particle
O

-
______________
Scalar
Length (_____________________)
measured
along the path _______
same

= ______________
averaged speed of particle

@Time = t+ t
O
Magnitude of vector v
______________
Instantaneous velocity v of particle = magnitude of __________
derivative = speed

@Time = t

↓
s= f(t)
v= (f) As
=

&t
= s
written ;

magnitude = ___________
=
Derivative of ____________ rate of change of
⑧ positional vector
-
________
length of the position vector r "
F& Length
of

-
Dr. Johnson Lim © 2023 KPK PKM UiTM
2/3: Plane Curvilinear Motion 2

Acceleration

=:
Jim = =
Velocity v is always & =

a vector ________________
tangent to the path I =
v=0

O & Same direction

-

Note:
Vector a is neither tangent to the path nor normal to the path.

O & -

X
-

tangent to hodograph
Instead, vector a is ________________.

③ Transform

Dr. Johnson Lim © 2023 KPK PKM UiTM

2/4: Rectangular Coordinates (x-y) 3

Vector Representation I 31 = +
nj

Vector Notation: Hand-written:

& magnitude f = x1 +
y]

00 = =
1 +
--
1 = Unl +
- Vyt
tcters q i = 1
7) ani +
=
+
al
= = =

⑧ ,
Vu = xi
,
, Vy y=

y f (t)
an
ay ij
= x
n = f(t) ,
= ,
=

- Vy
= Va

L
:

x =
3t + 32

O
T

y = 4t + 2t +3
y f(x)
-

,
&
-

8
g
Velocity v is always a vector ________________
tangent to the path

fan 0=

a = ani +
ayl U Vai + Vyj
=

a= a $0 V = vo

Dr. Johnson Lim © 2023 KPK PKM UiTM

2/4: Rectangular Coordinates (x-y) 4

Projectile Motion

Assumptions:
(1) Aerodynamic drag is neglected
(2) curvature and rotation of the earth area neglected
O ②(a) (3) Altitude change is small enough so that acceleration
O
o
considered constant
Elvn, gravity
due to is .

5 M/S

O
=

An = 0 dy
9
= -

-
=
SM/s

r
an = vx = 0

a (Vp). VydVy dydy

0
Vy
=

y
Vy a-
=

dy = = =
= =
Un

S(v) &V 0 Un
(vn)o
redy Yaydy -gla
Mavy -9) dt a ((Nylo
= =
, =
=

.
= =
-

9t]d + Yo
(Vy)o

= g(y yo)
"

Vy (vy)0 9(t 0) 9 %0 [(vylt E gtz)

-
-
-

= =
- - -
-

Vy (vy(0 y +
Un x
1 (valo (vy) o + Egt
(e)
=
-

=
=
=

= =

-9 (4-1)
=

- x =

(vy) Eg +
Jan !.
y = y, + t

(Vy(0 2y(y
-

=
(valodt v3 = - -

yo)

u -
xc =
(Va)v(t o -

20 +
x = (vx)ot

Dr. Johnson Lim © 2023 KPK PKM UiTM

Sample Problem 2/5 1 =0
(0 100)
,
5
100
y
=

-
- -
&O (42

t=
,
96)
== -
168 84)
,

-
-

Given-Curvilinear motion , n-y (reat. coordinates

-

Un =
50-16t , Va in M/s , tins
O
-

y = 100 -
4,
y in M

in
-
n = 0 ,
= 0

Find : 0 Particle path plat- ~

② Dy =0
,
V =? a =
?

21-componet -component
at
O
42 Y= 100 -

Va x =
50
y = 100 -

16t
=
= -

y & 7)
vy = =
(100 -
a+
Vy j 19
an (
= =

It = 100 - 473
=
(50 -

16 + )dt dt
Vy
Pay
=
-8tM/s
V2 =
SOL-8EM
=
:
S 10-9)
da d
j
an =

(5
-1 ag 8 + m/s
Vy
=
= -

16 m/s2
1
=

ap
-

=
=

&y
=
100 at
= 0 + 0
-

,
=
5s
g
+
=
=

=
25
= Ss
Un = So -
16(s) = -
30
k =
Uni +
VyL G(s)
Vy = =
40
-

1 = -

30 -

10 m/ - (2) =
+
30 + 401
a ani + = SOM/S
dy)
=

= -

ki -

0 m/s
+
+ (f) =
=
+ 1 8 + -

= 17
. 89m/52 Dr. Johnson Lim © 2023 KPK PKM UiTM
Sample Problem 2/6 6

Dr. Johnson Lim © 2023 KPK PKM UiTM